RU2255295C1 - Fragmentation ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fragmentation ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: the ammunition has a body and a blasting charge that contains a layer of a high-power explosive differing from the explosive of the blasting charge, separating it in height into two equal parts, the height of the layer of the high-power explosive makes up value δ≈(2/3)δ₀-(2δ₀/C₁)D, where δ₀- the thickness of the ammunition body wall, C₁- the propagation velocity of sound in the metal of the ammunition body, D-speed of detonation of the layer of the high-power explosive, and the characteristics: the chemical composition and the density of the high-power explosive provide for a value of the detonation pressure not less than by 1.25 times exceeding the value of the detonation pressure, providing the blasting charge with an explosive.

EFFECT: enhanced quantity of fragments and improved their shape due to the increase of intensity of body crushing in the axial direction.

5 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to fragmentation ammunition and can be used to increase the power of their action.

The power of fragmentation of ammunition is largely determined by the parameters of the fragmentation field, one of the most important of which is the number of fragments and their shape. These parameters are determined by the crushing intensity of the shell during the explosion in the axial and tangential directions.

Known fragmentation ammunition, the main elements of which are the body and the explosive charge [1].

As a prototype of the selected well-known fragmentation munitions of the traditional structural scheme [2] (figure 1). It includes a housing (1) and an explosive charge (2).

A disadvantage of the known fragmentation ordnance is the irrational use of the shell metal due to the formation of the so-called “saber”, fragments with a large elongation and a length almost equal to the length of the shell due to the explosion. Their mass can be more than 100 grams [2]. This is especially pronounced for fragmentation munitions, the case of which is made of steel, prone to shear destruction.

The technical result is to increase the number of fragments and improve their shape by increasing the intensity of crushing of the body in the axial direction.

To achieve the technical result in a known fragmentation munition including a shell and a bursting charge, the bursting charge contains a layer of a powerful blasting explosive, different from a bursting explosive, dividing it in height into two equal parts and providing an uneven application of a pulse load to the shell during detonation ammunition. The layer height of a powerful blasting explosive is determined experimentally and is

where δ ₀ is the wall thickness of the munition shell;

With ₁ - the speed of sound propagation in the metal of the shell of the ammunition;

D is the detonation velocity of a layer of powerful blasting explosive,

and the characteristics (chemical composition and density) of a powerful blasting explosive provide a detonation pressure of at least 1.25 times the value of the detonation pressure provided by an explosive of a bursting charge.

Figure 2 shows the claimed fragmentation ammunition.

Figure 3 shows the layout of the fragmentation munition corresponding to the prototype.

Figure 4 shows the layout of the fragmentation munition corresponding to the claimed fragmentation munition.

On figa and 5b shows a view of fragments of the mock prototype and the claimed fragmentation munitions, respectively.

The inventive fragmentation munition (figure 2) includes a housing (1) and a bursting charge, divided in height into two equal parts (2) and (3) by a layer of a more powerful blasting explosive (4).

When initiating a bursting charge of the claimed fragmentation munition, the parameters of the shock-wave loading of a section of the wall of the shell in direct contact with the layer of powerful blasting explosive (4) are significantly higher than the parameters of the shock-wave loading of the sections of the wall of the shell that are in direct contact with the parts (2) and (3) a bursting charge [3]. This ensures the condition of uneven application of load along the length of the shell of the munition. This leads to an increase in the crushing intensity of the site located in the zone of direct contact with the layer of powerful blasting explosive (4). As a result, the crushing intensity of the body (1) increases in the axial direction, which ensures an increase in the number of fragments and an improvement in their shape.

The minimum value δ of the height of the layer of a more powerful blasting explosive should be sufficient to ensure the conditions for the uneven application of shock-wave loading along the length of the shell of the munition. Otherwise, the shock wave formed on the metal section of the body in direct contact with the powerful blasting explosive will die out and the desired technical result will not be achieved.

The maximum value δ of the layer height of a powerful blasting explosive for economic reasons should be minimal, but it is guaranteed to provide the desired technical result.

In accordance with the work [4], the nucleation of fracture centers, the development of which leads to crushing of the body, occurs in the initial period of explosive loading of the body. The duration of this period can be approximately estimated by the following formula

During this time, in the inventive fragmentation munition, it is sufficient to provide explosive loading of a section of the wall of the body in direct contact with a layer of powerful blasting explosive. Therefore, the maximum value of the height δ _{max of the} layer of a more powerful blasting explosive will be equal to

The implementation of the claimed fragmentation ammunition was carried out on mock-ups. The layout (figure 3) includes a housing (1), a bursting charge (2), a threaded cover (3). The body of the layout was made of steel 45. The geometric characteristics of the layout are presented in table. 1.

Table 1 Layout geometry No. p / p Characteristic Value 1. Caliber mm 42 2. Case height mm 150 3. Cover and bottom thickness, mm fifteen 4. Case wall thickness, mm 6 5. The diameter of the bursting charge, mm thirty

The explosive charge of fragmentation mock-ups is made of pressed phlegmatized RDX (density 1630 kg / m ³ ; detonation velocity 8110 m / s).

The tests were carried out on two versions of the samples:

1. The option corresponding to the prototype (figure 3). The mass of the explosive charge was 0.127-0.132 kg.

2. Option corresponding to the claimed fragmentation munitions (Fig 4). Parts (2) and (3) of the explosive charge are separated by an okfol checker (density 1750 kg / m ³ ; detonation velocity 8630 m / s) (4) 10 mm high. The bursting mass was 0.130-0.13 5 kg.

The tests were carried out according to the combined scheme [5]. As a trapping medium, sawdust was used. Based on the results of undermining the layouts of each option, the following fragmentation parameters were evaluated:

- the number of fragments with a mass of more than 0.25 g according to the results of detonations in the armored camera - N _0.25b and in the shield target environment - N _0.25ш ;

- the average mass of fragments - m _cf ;

- the average length of the fragments is a;

- the average width of the fragments is b;

- average elongation of the fragments - λ _sr ;

- the maximum speed of the expansion of fragments - V _max .

The type of fragments of the prototype mockup body and the proposed fragmentation munition are shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, respectively, and the test results are presented in table. 2.

table 2 Test results Option No. N _0.25b , pcs N _0.25pcs m _avg α, mm b mm λ _cf V _max , m / s 1 234 230 2.77 27.05 4.16 6.50 1199 2 265 293 2.27 23.26 4.29 5.41 1294

From the presented test results it follows that the use of the inventive fragmentation ammunition can increase the number of fragments and reduce their elongation relative to the prototype by increasing the intensity of crushing of the body in the axial direction.

Sources of information

1. G.V. Ermakov, V.G. Orlov. The design and operation of artillery ammunition. - Penza: WAIU. 1968, 272 p.

2. V.S. Ablov, V.G. Orlov, P.P. Stepanov. Design, theory and calculation of shells and warheads. - Penza: WAIU. 1979, 503 p.

3. Baum F.A., Stanyukovich K.P., Shekhter B.I. Explosion physics. - M .: Fizmatgiz. 1959, 797 p.

4. Kuznetsov V.A. On the fragmentation of aircraft ammunition shells into fragments during an explosion: - Proceedings of the VVA named after Zhukovsky. 1956, no. 612, 198 p.

5. Pichugin A.K., Krasnov M.N., Kozlov G.V. A chamber for detonating fragmentation munitions. Application for invention. Copyright certificate No. 271445, 1987 (USSR).

Claims (1)

Fragmentation of munition, comprising a shell and explosive charge, characterized in that the explosive charge contains a layer of powerful explosive explosive material, different from explosive explosive charge, dividing it in height into two equal parts, while the height of the layer of powerful explosive explosive is δ ≈ (2/3) δ ₀ ÷ (2δ ₀ / С ₁ ) D, where δ ₀ is the wall thickness of the munition shell; C ₁ - the speed of sound propagation in the metal of the shell of the ammunition; D is the detonation velocity of a layer of a powerful blasting explosive, and the characteristics - the chemical composition and density of a powerful blasting explosive - provide a detonation pressure of at least 1.25 times the value of the detonation pressure provided by an explosive explosive charge.

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