RU2254546C1 - Armored turret "typhoon" of fighting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, in particular, turret constructions, applicable in designing and production of various-purpose fighting vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: the search-and-sighting equipment additionally has an optoelectronic channel that includes TV observation cameras with a wide and narrow viewing fields, as well as monitor of a video computer. The search-and-sighting equipment installed on the upper plane of the turret is made for fixation of the target relative to three mutually perpendicular planes.

EFFECT: reduced time of reaction of the artillery system, enhanced probability of target destruction and efficiency of firing in the process of motion of the fighting vehicle, as well as expanded functional potentialities of the turret.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, in particular to tower structures, and can be used in the design and creation of armored combat vehicles for various purposes.

Modern combat vehicles are equipped with the necessary equipment to perform assigned tasks both day and night. They are equipped with night and day observation devices, radiation and chemical reconnaissance equipment, necessary navigation devices, various weapons, which are placed on towers of circular rotation. Powerfully armed combat vehicles allow infantry to engage in combat when interacting with tanks, dismounting only in cases where the use of these vehicles is impossible or inappropriate. However, the massive use of extremely powerful anti-tank weapons, direct fire, raises the question of creating an attacking machine for the infantry squad, which has the same protection as a tank and enhanced weapons [Shunkov V.N. Armored vehicles. - Mn .: OOO "Potpourri", 2000. - 448 p.], Which is determined mainly by the design of the tower and its equipment.

The BMP-23 infantry fighting vehicle is known, the main armament of which is installed in an armored turret containing an automatic 30-mm cannon and machine gun. The gun has a tape feed, its effective fire range for lightly armored targets is 2000 m. Shooting is carried out by armor-piercing or fragmentation shells, the rate of fire is 400 rounds per minute. The gunner and the coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun are fired by the gunner located in the tower to the left of the gun and having day and night sights at their disposal. Located in the tower to the right of the gun, the commander of the machine uses periscope observation devices that provide all-round visibility. To combat enemy tanks on the tower mounted anti-tank launcher 9M14M Malyutka with an effective range of 2000 m, its ammunition consists of four ATGMs [Shunkov V.N. Armored vehicles. - Mn .: OOO "Potpourri", 2000, p.124-127].

As can be seen from the enumeration of the main characteristics of weapons and other equipment, the tower has sufficient weapons to deal with enemy personnel and equipment.

However, the effectiveness of fire support may be insufficient due to the low efficiency of arms control. In the absence of coordination in the automatic mode of targeting and firing processes, the “reaction time” increases, in other words, the time interval between target detection and its destruction increases, which negatively affects firing efficiency.

The BTR-90 armored personnel carrier tower is also known, in which the main armament of the combat vehicle is mounted. The two-seat circular turret contains a 30-mm automatic cannon, a 7.62-mm PKT machine gun, an AG-17 30-mm grenade launcher, and the Konkurs anti-tank missile system (ATGM). Armament is stabilized in two guidance planes; horizontal guidance angle is 360 °, and vertical from -5 to + 75 °. The armament of the BTR-90 allows you to fight tanks and other targets at ranges up to 4000 m, to hit the manpower located both openly and on the reverse slopes of the heights and in the trenches, to destroy helicopters and such small-sized targets as the calculation of anti-tank systems and artillery pieces. The commander of the vehicle and the gunner-operator are located in the combat compartment, each of which, if necessary, can fire from all the armored personnel carriers of the armored personnel carrier. The commander has at his disposal a 1P-13 day observation device, the gunner uses a combined (day-night) sight. In place of the gunner-operator, an installation of the BPK-M sight with a thermal imaging module is provided.

As in the previous case, the armament of the tower and the machine as a whole is sufficient to provide fire support to the infantry and to fight tanks. However, the above-mentioned design does not provide targeted shooting in motion against moving targets. Shooting is carried out only at the time of short stops, which reduces the combat capabilities of the tower.

The effectiveness of fire support of such a machine is determined only by the professionalism of the operator-gunner and his psychophysiological state, which limits the functionality of the device as a whole.

The closest to the claimed decision on purpose, technical nature and the achieved result when using is a rotating armored turret of the Marder combat vehicle, containing a stabilized gun paired with a machine gun, an anti-tank missile system, grenade launchers for the installation of smoke screens, stabilized aiming and navigation equipment with thermal imaging channel, laser range finder and computing devices in the gun fire control system [Shunkov V.N. Armored vehicles. - Mn .: OOO "Potpourri", 2000. - p.139-141]. Its feature is the presence of two quick-interchangeable barrels of caliber 35 and 50 mm. All gun automation mechanisms have an electric drive, so the energy of powder gases is used exclusively for throwing shells. Shooting can be done in single shots or bursts with a rate of 150-400 rounds per minute. Two-way tape feed. The anti-tank missile has a laser guidance system.

The tower described above has higher technical and tactical properties and characteristics that ensure the defeat of all types of armored vehicles and enemy manpower.

However, as in previous cases, the control system of the artillery installation allows targeted fire only at the time of stopping. This increases the reaction time of the system, that is, the time from the moment a target is detected to its destruction, which limits the functionality of the well-known armored tower of a combat vehicle.

Therefore, the purpose of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the armored turret of a combat vehicle.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the well-known armored turret of an infantry fighting vehicle containing a stabilized gun paired with a machine gun, means for installing a missile system, grenade launchers, stabilized sighting and search equipment with a thermal imaging channel, a laser rangefinder and computing devices in the fire control system artillery system and other fire weapons, according to the invention, the search and sighting equipment further comprises an optoelectronic channel including television surveillance cameras with a wide field of view and a narrow field of view, a video computer, and a video computer monitor, while the search and aiming equipment installed on the upper plane of the tower is made with the possibility of fixing the target relative to three mutually perpendicular planes.

Search and sighting equipment installed on the upper plane of the tower contains three fiber-optic gyroscopes.

Optoelectronic channel contains a search and target controller. As can be seen from the presentation of the essence of the proposed solution, it differs from the prototype and, therefore, is new.

The solution also has an inventive step. The basis of the invention is the task of improving the armored turret of a combat vehicle, in which, due to the installation of an additional optoelectronic channel in the sighting and search equipment, including surveillance cameras with a wide field of view and a narrow field of view, a video computer, as well as a video computer monitor, and search and aiming equipment mounted on the upper plane of the tower with the possibility of fixing the target relative to three mutually perpendicular planes as a result of using three fibers of optical gyroscopes and the installation of a search and aiming controller, it is possible to stabilize the fire control system in three planes, create stable communication and accelerated automatic interaction of all parts of the artillery system and other fire weapons, from the moment the target is detected to its destruction, the compactness of the artillery placement the system in the module formed by the armored turret and the artillery system, and reducing the weight of the turret, due to this reduced artillery reaction time of the serial system, the probability of hitting a target and firing efficiency in the process of moving a combat vehicle increases, the functionality of the tower expands, since a compact tower with less weight than analogs can be used on all types of combat vehicles, including those that can be used as floating.

Armored towers of combat vehicles are known, see, for example, the book of V. Shunkov. Armored vehicles. - Мn .: OOO "Potpourri", 2000. However, the claimed solution is fundamentally different from the known ones in that the search and aiming system allows you to combat various targets, including tanks and combat helicopters, not only from a place, but also in motion, because it allows you to track target in three mutually perpendicular planes. In addition, it offers a compact placement of all equipment in one module, while providing a panoramic view of the entire complex guidance and retention of the target. The module includes an armored housing, a basket with ammunition boxes, a gun and a machine gun, surveillance and aiming devices, camouflage means, and also allows you to place vertical and horizontal guidance mechanisms for the artillery platform, weapon stabilizers, electrical equipment, etc.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since it can be implemented in a modern industrial production using modern technologies and materials. The proposed technical solution in the form of products manufactured on its basis can be used both in the production of new military equipment and in modernization, since the module can easily be installed on any base.

The tower device is presented in the following figures.

Figure 1 Tower, a General view from above.

Figure 2 Tower, General front view.

Figure 3 Tower, General view on the left.

Figure 4 Gun ammunition system

Figure 5 Search and aiming unit.

6 Tower, the General layout of the main nodes

The armored tower of the combat vehicle (Fig. 1) contains a stabilized cannon 1, coaxial with a machine gun 2, means for installing a missile system 3 and a grenade launcher 4. The artillery embrasure is covered by an armor mask 5, which together with the body 6 forms a reliable protection for the operator-gunner and equipment located in the housing. On the top tower sheet is a hatch 7, through which the operator-gunner takes his place. Ammunition is loaded through hatch 8. Four optical observation devices 9 are installed on the top tower sheet, and an optical rear-view observation device 10 is installed on the manhole cover 7. On the tower housing also mounted on top of the block 11 search and sighting equipment (figure 2). The housing of the tower 6 is composed of separate armored sheets 12, each of which is located at an angle to the normal. The tower case has the following dimensions: height 870 mm without an optical-electronic observation unit, length 2240 mm without a gun, width 1900 mm. The basket together with racks has a height of 900 mm. Search and sighting unit 11 rises above the tower 6 by 468 mm. Using rods 13, a suspension 15 is attached to the tower body using racks 14, on which a basket 16 is mounted (Fig. 3). Ammunition stores 17, 18, 19 are located in basket 16 (Fig. 4). An artillery mount ammunition system 20 is mounted on basket 16. Figure 5 shows the general layout of the search and aiming unit 11. The search and aiming unit 11 includes a thermal imager 21, a laser rangefinder 22, television cameras with a wide field of view 23 and a narrow field of view 24, which can be covered with a protective cover 25. Search and aiming equipment mounted on a rotating platform 26 with the possibility of rotation relative to three mutually perpendicular axes, which is controlled by three fiber-optic gyroscopes 27, 28, (the third in Fig. not shown).

The tower compartment for the operator-gunner (6) contains the operator’s gunner’s seat 29, the optical sight unit 30, a computing device made in the form of a control computer 31 and a video computer 32, which together with television cameras 23 and 24 form an additional optical an electronic unit that ensures the coordinated operation of the entire weapons complex. The tower casing also has horizontal 33 and vertical 34 guidance systems for the artillery mount 1 and a control panel for the thermal imager 35 and a monitor 36 for the control computer 31 and a monitor 37 for the video computer. To the left of the operator-gunner is the remote control 38 control modes of operation and fire, remote control 39 emergency fire control, remote control 40 search and aiming device, controllers 41 and 42 of the armament unit and the search and aiming device, respectively.

The device operates as follows. Through the hatch 8 in the tower case 6, the ammunition is previously placed in the basket 16 in the ammunition stores 17, 18 and 19 and the operability of the gun ammunition system 20 is checked. The operator-gunner also takes up a place in the armchair 29 of the operator-gunner through the hatch 7. Then, turning on the power of the tower, using the remote control 35, 38, 39 and 40 checks the operability of the respective systems. Since the tower casing 6 is mounted rotatable 360 °, simultaneously the chair 29 of the operator-gunner and the basket 16 attached to the suspension 15 are rotated. When the tower 6 is rotated, the operator-gunner has the opportunity to observe a circular panorama through optical instruments 9 and 10 terrain. At the same time, the operator-gunner has the opportunity to observe the general situation in the daytime, receiving information from the television surveillance camera 23, which is part of the optoelectronic channel, on the sighting and observation monitor 37. At night, the operator-gunner observes the general situation using a thermal imaging surveillance camera 21 and its associated monitor 36.

The operator-gunner sets a marker on the chosen target and presses the “auto-capture” button. Three gyroscopes combine marker and target. At the command “autocapture”, further observation of the target is carried out by a surveillance camera 24 operating in a narrow field of view, or thermal imaging 21 with a zoom lens, and the video program 32 of the target auto tracking program will be activated. In this case, when the tower mounted on the chassis moves, the camera 24 automatically monitors the moving target, which allows holding the target in the center of the monitor screen 37. Adjusting the arms ensures that the optical axis of the optoelectronic devices coincides with the aiming axis of the artillery system. According to the range marks displayed according to the laser rangefinder 22, the operator determines the moment the target reaches a position where it can be hit by the corresponding type of weapon (machine gun, gun, rocket).

When the necessary conditions are met, the operator-gunner selects the type of weapon, type of ammunition, rate of fire and presses the "fire" button. The computing device calculates the vertical installation angle of the machine gun 2, gun 1 or rocket launcher in the case of its installation, depending on the range of the target. In this case, automatically in the basket 16 at the command of the computing device 31, the appropriate ammunition is selected and sent through the charger 20 to the chamber. After hitting the target, the operator-gunner switches the surveillance camera 24 from the narrow field of view to the surveillance camera 23 to the wide field of view and selects another target.

In all modes, two stabilization systems work. One weapon stabilization system, another stabilization system for search and sighting devices.

Tests of devices based on the proposed technical solution showed that the firing efficiency increased by 20% compared with similar devices, the reaction time of the artillery system was 1-2 seconds. The effective firing range is 100 ... 5500 m. The weight of the turret without ammunition does not exceed 2000 kg.

Any basic design can be upgraded to use the proposed module. In addition, during modernization, it is possible to install a 30 mm caliber grenade launcher, ATGM launchers and an additional channel for guiding them at the target.

As can be seen from the description of a specific example of the implementation of the proposed solution, its operation and some technical characteristics, the module’s functionality has been significantly expanded since the tower, which is compact, with less weight than its counterparts, can be used on all types of military vehicles, including those that can be used as floating. The use of such a module can solve a number of problems that are associated with the operation of military equipment, since it will reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of unified equipment, reduce the cost of spare parts, etc.

Claims (3)

1. An armored tower of a combat vehicle containing a stabilized cannon coaxial with a machine gun, means for installing a missile system, grenade launchers, stabilized search and sighting equipment with a thermal imaging channel, a laser range finder and calculating devices in the fire control system of an artillery system and other fire means, characterized in that the search and sighting equipment further comprises an optoelectronic channel including television surveillance cameras with a wide field of view and a narrow field of view eniya, videokompyuter and monitor videokompyutera, the search-sighting instrument mounted on the upper plane of the tower is configured to fix the target relative to three mutually perpendicular planes. 2. The armored tower of a combat vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of search and sighting equipment mounted on the upper plane of the tower contains three fiber-optic gyroscopes. 3. The armored tower of a combat vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the optoelectronic channel contains a search and targeting controller.

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