RU2253717C2 - Device for mechanical impurities separation and removal from sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, for instance used in civil and industrial treatment plants.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises body with grid installed in the body. Grid includes rigid frame and filter formed as a number of plates, grid cleaning means, carriage and special accumulative tray for separated impurities receiving. The device has n>1 grids installed in series inside channel in sewage flow direction and defining gaps decreasing in sewage flow direction. Grid cleaning means is made as a rotary bush of flexible resilient rods and connected to drive. Accumulative tray is shaped correspondingly to bush shape and made of perforated material.

EFFECT: increased efficiency.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to devices for the detention and removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater, and can be used in urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants.

Known double grating with small cells for wastewater treatment, containing two rows of rods located one above the other, offset from one another, while the row of rods consists of profiles favorable for the passage of flow, the second row with an unfavorable profile of the rods for passage of the stream (German Patent No. 3715020, CL E 03 5/14 1988).

The closest is a device for retaining and removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a grill placed in it, consisting of a rigid frame and the filter itself, made in the form of a series of plates, a device for cleaning the grill, carriage and a special storage tray for collecting trapped impurities (see copyright certificate SU No. 945087, publ. 07.23.1982).

The disadvantages of the known lattices.

1. Cleaning lattices of known devices for trapping and removing mechanical impurities is carried out by pulling parallel to the rods forming the lattice, special rake, releasing the rods from the trapped impurities. Since cleaning is carried out in a fluid stream, the impurities, in addition to the rake, are affected by the force of the incident liquid flow, which helps push impurities through the grate, which significantly reduces the cleaning efficiency.

2. The use of metal rake does not allow to completely remove the trapped impurities from the rods due to the presence of a certain gap between the rake elements and the rods. It also reduces the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

3. The use for wastewater treatment of one or even two rows of rods placed in the stream of the liquid to be cleaned, in most cases does not provide the necessary completeness of removal of impurities. In addition, the installation of two or more rows of gratings in series with different gaps for each grating significantly changes the flow parameters, among which the most important is the speed, which should be constant and close to optimal if possible, at which sand does not precipitate on the one hand and, on the other hand, impurities are not forced too much by the flow of water through the grate when the speed exceeds the optimum.

4. When conducting preventive maintenance (inspection, cleaning of the grill, etc.) in a known prototype, it is necessary to remove the grilles from the channel, as a rule, using a lifting mechanism, which requires additional equipment, and also is quite time-consuming and lengthy operation.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device for trapping and removing solids.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for holding and removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a grating located therein, consisting of a rigid frame and the filter itself, made in the form of a number of plates, a grating cleaning device, a carriage and a special storage tray to collect trapped impurities, n> 1 grids are contained, installed sequentially in the channel in the direction of wastewater flow and having openings decreasing in the direction of flow, it is made in the form of a brush made of flexible elastic rods mounted for rotation and connected to the drive, while the shape of the storage tray is consistent with the shape of the brush, and the tray is made of perforated material, each grate is installed in the channel at its own angle in plan with respect to the direction water. In addition, the device is equipped with an automatic device that controls the operation of the gratings and provides a position at each time point of at least one grate in working condition.

Figure 1, 2 and 3 presents the proposed device.

A device for retaining and removing mechanical impurities from wastewater contains n> 1 gratings 1 installed in the wastewater channel 2 sequentially one after another in the direction of flow. Each lattice contains a housing 3 with supports 4 for mounting on concrete sides of the channel.

In the guides of the housing 3, a carriage 5 is installed with the possibility of reciprocating motion and connected to the drive 6. On the carriage 5, a filter 7 is installed in the form of a series of plates 8 connected by rods 9, while for the formation of the necessary gaps between the plates 8 on the rods 9 are installed bushings 10 A quick-detachable tray 11 is installed in the lower part of the carriage 5 for collecting trapped impurities.

In the upper part of the housing 3, a cleaning device is installed, including a cylindrical brush 12 of flexible elastic rods connected to the drive 13 of the coupling 14.

The device operates as follows.

Each of the gratings 1 is installed in the channel 2 either vertically, or at an angle to the level of the water flow, and in the working position the carriage 5 with the grate 7 is in the lowermost position, while the grate overlaps the channel and the waste water passes through the openings between the plates 8. Mechanical impurities, the sizes of which exceed the size of the grating, are retained on the plates 8, pressed by the oncoming flow of water, or slide into the collecting tray 11. As the impurities accumulate on the grating 7, the drive 6, the carriage 5 with the grating 7 are turned on and accumulate the flax tray 11 rises, while the plates 8 pass by the cleaning device, and the rotating brush 12 sweeps the trapped impurities from the plates 8 into a special container or conveyor. In the extreme upper position of the carriage 5, the brush 12 removes impurities from the tray 11, after which the carriage 5 lowers and occupies the working (lower) position, and the cycle repeats.

The main feature of the proposed device is that the cleaning device is stationary relative to the housing, and during regeneration, the grill moves relative to the cleaning device, which allows to obtain certain advantages compared with known structures for this purpose.

The introduction to the design of the device of the mechanism of periodic lifting of the grate for cleaning from trapped impurities allows them to be removed from the grate extracted from the water stream, which eliminates the pushing (pushing) of impurities through the openings by the additional action of the high-speed pressure of water and significantly increases the completeness of the removal of impurities from wastewater.

In addition, the periodic removal of the grating from the channel makes it possible to periodically continuously monitor its technical condition and, if necessary, carry out additional cleaning and (or) adjust the frequency of its operation cycles.

The absence in the proposed device of a known rake as a cleaning device greatly simplifies both the kinematics and the design of the grate, in addition, the rake during cleaning cannot completely clean the grate elements from impurities due to the fact that the rake enters the grating with certain gaps.

Therefore, the use of a flexible rotary brush for cleaning a continuous rotating brush allows you to make a grate with almost any arbitrarily small clearances, changing only the length of the bushings and the number of plates, and creating gratings installed in the kit and capable of cleaning fine particles from mechanical impurities.

The use of the tray in the lower part contributes to a more complete removal of impurities from the liquid being cleaned, preventing the impurities from being washed off during the lifting of the grate and the cleaning operation. The tray is also made of perforated material, and the tray and grate are quick-detachable, reduces maintenance time during maintenance and repair work, and also makes it possible to quickly convert the grate to retain impurities of various fractions.

Matching the shape of the tray with the shape of the cleaning brush ensures complete removal of impurities from the tray when it is in the upper position during the stand-up period.

When using the proposed lattice design to remove impurities in a wide range of their sizes, it becomes necessary to install several gratings in series with different clearances. In this case, with the same width, the gratings with smaller gaps due to the finite thickness of the plates will have a large hydraulic resistance compared to gratings with large gaps, which will significantly affect the hydraulic flow parameters, among which the main is the speed of movement of wastewater in the channel. In order to ensure the constancy of the necessary optimal speed, the flow area of each grating should be the same for gratings installed one after another. In the proposed device, this is achieved by the fact that the gratings are installed in the channel at a different angle (in plan) with respect to the direction of flow.

The installation of gratings sequentially after each other during the occasional lifting of each grate for cleaning necessitates the coordinated operation of the entire complex with that. to ensure at least one lattice at any given time. To this end, the proposed device is equipped with an automatic system that excludes the simultaneous opening of all gratings.

Thus, the use of the proposed device for the retention and removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater can significantly improve the efficiency of treatment, namely, to increase the completeness of the separation of impurities from wastewater, simplify the design, reduce energy costs, reduce the complexity of maintenance and repair of the device.

Claims (4)

1. A device for retaining and removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a grate placed therein, consisting of a rigid frame and a filter itself, made in the form of a series of plates, a grate cleaning device, a carriage and a special storage tray for collecting trapped impurities, characterized in that the device contains n> 1 gratings installed sequentially in the channel in the direction of wastewater flow and having openings decreasing in the direction of flow, while the device for cleaning the grate is made but in the form of flexible resilient brushes rods, rotatably mounted and connected with a drive, the shape of the storage tray adapted to the shape of the brush, and the tray is made of perforated material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in it each grate is installed in the channel at its own angle in plan with respect to the direction of the water. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic device that controls the operation of the gratings and provides a position at least one lattice at a time in working condition. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic device that controls the operation of the gratings and ensures that at least one lattice is in working condition at any time.

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