RU2250915C2 - Method of manufacture of a rubber coating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; manufacture of porous coatings used on different objects of construction and production of sport and other destination items.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is dealt with methods of manufacture of the porous coatings used on different objects of construction - for building of footways, floors on nursery and running-tracks on sports grounds and athletic fields, and also for manufacture of floor mats of a broad spectrum of destination and rugs for use in means of transport, in rooms and at premises entrances, in swimming and diving pools, etc. For manufacture of a filler for such a coating the conduct crushing of the waste rubber products of bus and rubber industry. In the capacity of the waste products are used aged or unused tire casings, that are crushed into the grits of sizes up to 10 mm. At that as the filler they use from 1 up to 6 mass shares. The binding agent based on polyurethane is taken in amount of 0.8 up to 1.2 mass shares. Coloring agent is taken in amount of 0.03 up to 0.1 mass shares. In the capacity of the coloring agent the dry paints such as iron oxide may be used. Process of stirring is conducted in a screw-type mixer with a reversing drive and a horizontally located screw, the overhead loading of components of the mixture and unloading formulation constituents and its unloading along axis of the axis of the screw at the temperature exceeding 2°С, till production of the homogeneous mass. At that the binding agent is introduced after introduction of the filler and the coloring agent during stirring. Unloading of the produced mass is performed by a screw mixer into a prepared container with consequent stacking on previously prepared surface by an even layer with its final thickness exceeding 3 mm. Then the produced coating is leveled, manually compacted and kept up to its full solidification. The invention makes it possible to simplify the method of coating manufacture at improved quality of items.

EFFECT: the invention ensures simplification of the method of the coating manufacture at improved quality of items.

8 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for the manufacture of coatings used at various construction sites, for the construction of walkways, sidewalks, coatings in children’s and sports fields, as well as for the manufacture of mats for a wide range of purposes and rugs for use in vehicles, indoors and in front of them, in pools, etc.

A known method of manufacturing a coating, which consists in preparing a mixture of filler in the form of crushed cellulose, a polymer binder and a pigment (see RU No. 21785 U1, E 01 C 5/20, publ. 02.20.2002).

The disadvantage of this method is that to obtain the finished product requires hot pressing at a temperature of 250-330 ° C and the coating obtained by this method does not provide the necessary strength and flexibility when exposed to dynamic, especially alternating, loads, as well as the required wear resistance.

A known method of manufacturing a rubber coating, which consists in preparing a filler in the form of crumb rubber and a binder, mix these components in a mixer and unload the resulting mixture (see RU No. 2034808 C1, E 01 C 13/00, publ. 10.05.1995) . In the manufacture of this coating, heating to 160-180 ° C is required, and bitumen, fibrous filler, antiseptic, etc. are also added to the mixture.

The disadvantage of this method is that it also has a heating operation during mixing, an extrusion operation during molding into a web, and a large number of components require a certain sequence of their introduction into the mixture, which increases the cost of both the production process and the finished product. Moreover, the coating obtained by this method does not have porosity and an optimal combination of plastic and elastic deformations at low temperatures and has insufficient water resistance.

The basis of the invention is the task of simplifying the manufacturing technology of the coating while improving the quality of the product.

The technical result consists in the fact that in the manufacture of a porous coating simple and affordable components are used that do not require heat treatment when mixing, which is relevant for areas with a cold climate. In addition, the laying of the coating does not require additional equipment.

The problem is solved in that in the known method of manufacturing a rubber coating, which consists in preparing a filler in the form of rubber crumb and a binder, mix these components in a mixer and unload the resulting mixture, make a porous coating so that the filler with a fraction of up to 10 mm take in an amount of from 1 to 6 parts by weight, a binder based on polyurethane - in an amount of from 0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight, add dye in an amount of from 0.03 to 0.1 parts by weight, the process mixing is carried out at a temperature exceeding 2 ° C, in a screw mixer with a reversible drive until a homogeneous mass is obtained, the binder is introduced after the filler and dye during mixing, the resulting mass is unloaded by a screw mixer in a prepared container with subsequent laying on a pre-prepared surface with an even layer with a thickness exceeding 3 mm, the resulting coating is leveled , compacted by hand and maintained until fully hardened.

In addition, with stirring, you can enter the catalyst in an amount of 1% by weight of the mixture.

As a colorant, dry paints such as iron oxide can be used.

The mixing process is carried out in a screw mixer with a horizontal screw, the top loading of the mixture components and unloading along the axis of the screw.

In addition, crumb rubber is obtained from waste from the tire and rubber industries or from artificial rubber.

Unused car tires can be used as waste from the tire industry.

Before laying the resulting mass on the prepared surface, mesh material can be placed on it.

When laying the resulting mass on the desktop, the latter is covered with a film of material that prevents the mass from sticking to the table.

These signs are significant and interconnected causal relationship with the formation of a set of essential features sufficient to achieve a technical result.

Compared with known methods, the claimed method allows to increase the water resistance of products, their plastic and elastic properties, as well as to simplify the process of their manufacture through the use of a small number of cheap components that do not require complex technological operations and expensive equipment in the production process, and reduce the duration of the production cycle.

The claimed process is as follows.

For the manufacture of filler, waste products from the tire and rubber industries are crushed, which can be used as old or unused automobile tires, used or unused rubber shoes, rubber toys, etc., or artificial rubber to crumbs with a fraction of up to 10 mm. In this case, the filler is taken in an amount of from 1 to 6 wt. hours. As the polyurethane binder in the method, various polyurethane prepolymers (prepolymers) are used, for example, so-called macrodiisocyanates (prepolymers), which are then cured, for example, using structuring agents (catalysts, for example, water, primary and secondary amines, and organometallic catalysts, in particular tin compounds), as well as the commonly used polyurethane resins, as products of the interaction of di- or polyisocyanates with hydroxyl-containing components, for example, such as the basis of the Izolan-ZM system, the Vikort-lM system, etc., which are taken in an amount of from 0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight The dye is taken in an amount of from 0.03 to 0.1 parts by weight. As a colorant, dry paints such as iron oxide can be used. The mixing process is carried out in a screw mixer with a reversible drive, which can be performed with a horizontal or vertical arrangement of the screw, however, it is preferable to use a mixer with a horizontal screw, top loading of the mixture components and unloading along the axis of the screw, since it does not require additional equipment for unloading and laying coverings. Stirring is carried out at a temperature exceeding 2 ° C until a homogeneous mass is obtained. In this case, the binder is introduced after the filler and dye during mixing. The resulting mass is unloaded by a screw mixer in a prepared container, and then laid on a previously prepared surface with an even layer with a thickness exceeding 3 mm, the resulting coating is leveled, compacted by hand, for example, compacted, and maintained until completely hardened. In addition, with stirring, you can enter the catalyst in an amount of 1% by weight of the mixture to enable the process to be carried out at low temperatures.

In order to give the coating additional stability and provide protection against vandalism, mesh material can be placed before laying the resulting mass on the prepared surface, and when laying the resulting mass on the work table, the latter is covered with a film or mesh of material that prevents the mass from sticking to the table and the integrity of the coating.

Example. Waste from the tire and rubber industry, crushed to a crumb with a fraction of up to 10 mm, in the amount of 3 parts by weight, a polyurethane prepolymer (prepolymer) CAS 26447-40-5 based on macrodiisocyanate in the amount of 1 part by weight and a dye representing iron oxide in an amount of 0.06 wt.h. they are mixed in a screw mixer with a horizontally arranged screw and with a reversible drive, which compacts the mixture during mixing. The components of the mixture are loaded from above. In this case, the binder is introduced after the filler and dye in the mixing process, which is carried out at a temperature exceeding 2 ° C, until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Mixing is carried out alternately in one and in the other direction by rotating the screw until a mass is uniform in color. In addition, with stirring, you can enter the catalyst in an amount of 1% by weight of the mixture to enable the process to be carried out at low temperatures.

When preparing the mixture, it is necessary that the filler is always dry, and that water does not get into the binder, as this will spoil the binder and the mixture as a whole. The fraction of rubber crumb should be the same, since its different sizes will cause heterogeneity of the color of the mixture, as well as non-observance of the proportions of the weight parts in the mixture, and spoil the appearance of the product.

The resulting mass is unloaded by a screw mixer in a prepared container, and then laid on a pre-prepared surface or directly from the mixer directly laid on a prepared surface with an even layer with a thickness exceeding 3 mm, the resulting coating is leveled, compacted by ramming, rolled with a light roller and kept to full hardening, since upon contact of the coating with water vapor contained in the air, the mixture hardens.

When laying the coating on concrete or asphalt, it is first necessary to treat them with a primer or primer for better adhesion and to avoid moisture. The coating thickness in this case should be at least 4-5 mm. When laying on the ground or sand and gravel, it should be spilled with water and carefully packed for less consumption of the mixture. The coating thickness should be at least 15 mm. Geotextile fabric can be attached to the ground before laying the mixture to protect the mixture from contact with the ground.

The resulting product meets the specified requirements.

As a result, using this method, it is possible to obtain a colored durable porous material from rubber crumb, a polyurethane binder and pigments that give a color, which is laid by the method of self-leveling floors and leveled on work tables or on any surface: soil, sand, concrete, asphalt, granite dusting and etc. In this case, the binder provides a strong connection with a solid surface. To avoid sticking to the desktops, they can be covered with a polyethylene or polypropylene mesh used in construction. The coating is seamless and permeable and provides water transmission to protect against puddles and excellent grip on shoes to prevent slipping. For the possibility of mixing and styling at low temperatures, which is important in Russia, a catalyst is used.

The invention meets the criterion of “industrial applicability”, since it is feasible using known materials, means of production and technology. In production, the use of traditional equipment is possible.

Claims (8)

1. A method of manufacturing a rubber coating, which consists in preparing a filler in the form of rubber crumb and a binder, mix these components in a mixer and unload the resulting mixture, characterized in that the porous coating is made in such a way that the filler with a fraction of up to 10 mm is taken in an amount of from 1 to 6 parts by weight, a binder based on polyurethane - in an amount of from 0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight, dye is added in an amount of from 0.03 to 0.1 parts by weight, the mixing process is carried out at a temperature exceeding 2 ° C, in a screw mixer with a roar with a live drive until a homogeneous mass is obtained, the binder is introduced after the filler and dye during mixing, and the resulting mass is unloaded by a screw mixer in a prepared container with subsequent laying on a pre-prepared surface with an even layer with a thickness exceeding 3 mm, the resulting coating is leveled, compacted manually and incubated until completely hardened. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, with stirring, the catalyst is introduced in an amount of 1% by weight of the mixture. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the dye using dry paints such as iron oxide. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in a screw mixer with a horizontal screw, the top loading of the mixture components and unloading along the axis of the screw. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber crumb is obtained from waste tires and rubber industry or from artificial rubber. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that unused car tires are used as waste from the tire industry. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before laying the resulting mass on the prepared surface place mesh material. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when laying the resulting mass on the working table, the latter is covered with a film of material that prevents the mass from sticking to the table.