RU2249175C1 - Warhead with a radially-directed low-velocity field of a flask guided missile intended for interception of tactical ballistic rockets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: artillery ammunition; production of antiballistic rockets warheads.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is dealt with the artillery ammunition, in particular, with production of antiballistic rockets warheads. The substance of the invention consists in the following: the warhead with a radially - directed low-velocity field of the flak guided missiles intended for interception of tactical ballistic rockets contains a body, inside which there is a tubular explosive charge composed of several longitudinal sections separated along generatrix lines by spacer gaskets made out of non-explosive inert materials. Each section is supplied with an initiating system. In the inner cavity of the tubular charge there is a cylindrical block of the elongated defeat elements. Realization of the invention ensures increased effectiveness of defeat of the tactical ballistic missiles.

EFFECT: the invention ensures increased effectiveness of defeat of the tactical ballistic missiles.

11 cl, 10 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more specifically to combat units of an anti-missile with a radially directed field of striking elements (PE). The known design of guided missiles with fields of this type. US Pat. No. 5,003,885 describes the design of a roll of a one-sided anti-missile anti-missile warhead. Aiming is done by turning the rocket around its longitudinal axis. A similar design is used in the domestic anti-aircraft guided missile S-300V. The disadvantage of this type of targeting is a rather long time to turn the missiles into the position of detonation.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the designs of warheads using targeting built on explosive principles [1].

There are known warheads for missiles, anti-missile, the action of which is based on the use of high speed TBR relative to anti-missiles. At the same time, the velocity of the ejection of striking elements by the anti-missile warhead is small and usually does not exceed 300 m / s.

US Pat. No. 3,757,694 describes the design of a warhead containing a tubular explosive charge composed of several longitudinal sections of a segment section, in the inner cavity of which a cylindrical block of striking elements is placed, and equipped with a miss detection and blast control device. The design flaws are the limited capabilities of radial targeting of the field and the implementation of its optimal parameters, as well as the implementation of the striking elements in a compact form. Compact PE has a significantly lower ability to penetrate obstacles than elongated PE of the same mass, oriented along the velocity vector. For effective destruction of the TBR (tactical ballistic missile), which requires penetration of the body of the warhead, equipped with a thick layer of thermal protective coating, and penetration of PE into the warhead of the TBR with the possible initiation of its explosive charge, this factor can be crucial.

The present invention addresses these drawbacks. The technical solution consists in the fact that explosion-proof gaskets made of inert materials are placed between the sections, each section is equipped with a group of detonators located along the forming section, and the damaging elements are made in the form of elongated bodies equipped with stabilizing devices.

Figure 1 is a General view of the warhead, Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the warhead, Figure 3 is a separated explosive charge section, Figure 4 is an example of a striking element, Figure 5 is a diagram of a tactical ballistic missile intercept.

The warhead, shown in figures 1, 2, contains a housing 1, inside which is placed a tube charge BB 2, composed of several longitudinal sections 3, separated by forming gaskets 4, made of inert explosion-proof materials, such as plastic. Each section is equipped with several detonators 5 located along the generatrix section and connected to the device for determining the side of the slip and control the detonation. A cylindrical block of elongated striking elements 6 is placed in the internal cavity of the tubular charge of explosives, laid in several tiers. In the general case, a damper 7 made of an inert material can be placed between the explosive charge and the PE block.

The blasting control device is configured to blast one or more sections, both synchronously and with a predetermined time difference between blasting sections. There is also the possibility of simultaneous detonation of detonators of one section.

The striking elements are made in the form of elongated bodies, for example, in the form of a cylinder, a hexagonal prism, with a ratio of length to the largest transverse size within 2-4 and equipped with stabilizing devices. An example of the execution of PE with a retractable conical stabilizer is shown in Fig. 4 (8 - a PE housing made of steel or a heavy alloy, for example, based on tungsten, 9 - a retractable conical stabilizer, 10 - a spring; a - in a laying state, b - on flight). The mass of PE is 50-200 g.

The action diagram is presented in figure 5. When the anti-missile 11 approaches the target 12, in this case, the tactical ballistic missile, the detonation control device determines the relative position and relative speed of the anti-missile and the target and calculates the optimal moment of ejection of the PE block. An electric initiation pulse is supplied to detonators located on the side of the warhead opposite the side of the target. In this case, one or several sections can be detonated, both synchronously and with a predetermined time difference between section detonations, as well as with detonators of one section being detonated at the same time. Explosion-proof gaskets 4 prevent the transmission of detonation to unconnected sections. This allows you to get a radial field with desired characteristics, including speed, expansion angle, spatial distribution of PE and their velocities inside the field (Fig.6, the housing and damper are not shown, the shattered section is shaded). A disk 13 is formed in space, moving towards the target, the plane of which is located normally to the trajectory of the rocket. The radial velocity of PE is 100-200 m / s.

With the optimal implementation of the ejection, in particular, when the section is detonated simultaneously along the entire length and the axial unloads of the block are eliminated, the PE axes in flight remain parallel to the anti-missile axis. However, the effect of non-simultaneity of detonation, rarefaction end waves, and other factors leads to an uneven distribution of the explosion pulse along the PE axis and, as a consequence, to impart rotation to it along the transverse axis. For stabilization, the PEs are equipped with the stabilizing devices described above, which open after the PE is ejected and orient them according to the velocity vector V _E directed at an angle β to the anti-missile axis (β = arctan (V _R / V _A )). Stabilization occurs during a certain period of time (a period of unsteady motion), during which the PE makes damped oscillatory movements around the center of mass. The angle α between the velocity vector of PE and its axis at the moment of encounter with the obstacle is a random variable. The probability of hitting a target depends on the lengthening of the PE, the relative velocity of the impact and the angle of attack. At small angles of attack, the elongated element has the advantage over compact PE of the same mass. At large angles of attack, the picture becomes the opposite. From this it is obvious that with a statistical dispersion of the angles of attack, the vector of the relative velocity of the anti-missile target and the magnitude of the slip, there is some optimal elongation that provides the maximum mathematical expectation of the probability of defeat.

The optimal mass of PE m with a fixed total mass of PE M = mN (N is the number of PE) and a given elongation of PE is determined by the condition of the maximum probability of hitting the target

where G (x, y, z) is the coordinate law of destruction, f (x, y, z) is the distribution density of warhead explosion points in space, x, y, z are spatial coordinates.

In turn, the coordinate law is determined by the relation

G (x, y, z) = 1-e ^{-P (x, y, z) Sp (m)}

where P (x, y, z) is the density of the field of PE, S is the average viewing area of the target, p (m) is the probability of hitting the target when PE enters it.

With an increase in the mass of PE, their number decreases, and therefore, the density P decreases, but the probability of damage p (m) increases. Computer simulation of the interception process shows that the maximum mathematical expectation of the probability of hitting a target such as a TBR is provided in the elongation range of 2-4 with the mass of one PE 50-200 g.

The angular accuracy of field targeting increases with an increase in the number of sections and the number of possible combinations of initiation points realized by the blasting control device. When the number of sections is more than six, the deviation of the axis of the PE flow from the direction to the target does not exceed 10 °.

The possibility of obtaining a narrower angle of the radial flow, and hence a more dense field of PE can be achieved by introducing into the charge a cylindrical cavity 14 located along the axis of the warhead. The cavity may be filled with an inert easily compressible substance, for example, foam. In this case, when the unit is compressed by the explosion of charge 2, the inner layers of PE flow into the cavity, which reduces the equatorial angle Δθ.

7-9 are cross-sections of structures in which, along with an external charge 2, an internal explosive charge is provided, the detonators of which are also connected to a blasting control device. These constructions, along with targeting, allow, depending on meeting conditions, to change the configuration of the field.

The design shown in Fig.8, with an internal monolithic charge BB 15, equipped with a system of detonators 16, allows you to implement any of the three modes of detonation:

- undermining the sections of the tubular charge when the axial charge detonator is turned off with the formation of a radially directed field;

- undermining the axial charge when turning off the detonators of the tubular charge with the formation of a circular field (the latter mode can be used, for example, when the interception does not contain information about the side of the slip);

- simultaneous undermining or undermining with a time delay of the sections of tubular charge and axial charge, with the formation of a wide-angle radially directed field.

In the General case, between the internal charge 15 and the block PE 6 can be located damper 17.

The development of this design is presented in Fig.9. The axial explosive charge is made up of several sections 18 having sections in the form of a sector, each of which is equipped with a system of detonators 19 connected to a blasting control device. Between the sections there are gaskets 20 made of inert non-explosive materials. This scheme due to the selective initiation of sections 3 of the external and sections 18 of the internal explosive charges allows for more accurate targeting of the radially directed field with the simultaneous implementation of the optimal spatial distribution of PE in it.

Figure 10 shows the design with an internal charge of explosive materials 21 of annular cross section, the cavity of which is filled with a block of PE 22. When undermining the internal charge, this block provides filling of the central part of the field.

The following are approximate characteristics of the proposed warhead anti-missile, made according to the scheme of figure 1:

Gross weight warhead 70 kg

Case weight with initiation system 14 kg

Explosive charge 6 kg

Number of charge sections BB 6

The weight of one section is 1 kg

Mass of one striking element 100 g

The number of PE 3

Elongation PE 3

The average density of PE with a disk radius of 3 m

Punched steel equivalent for

meeting speeds 2500 m / s 50 mm

Angular accuracy ± 5 °

The probability of defeating the TBR one anti-missile 0.7

List of references

1. Odintsov V.A. Designs of fragmentation ammunition, part 1. Publishing House of MSTU. N.E.Bauman. - 1997.

Claims (11)

1. The warhead of an anti-aircraft guided missile containing a tubular explosive charge composed of several longitudinal sections, in the inner cavity of which a cylindrical block of striking elements is placed, and equipped with a device for determining the miss side and blast control, characterized in that explosive gaskets from inert materials, each section is equipped with a group of detonators located along the generating section, and the damaging elements are made in the form of elongated bodies, equipped with wives stabilizing devices. 2. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the blasting control device is configured to undermine one or more sections, both synchronously and with a predetermined time difference between blasting sections. 3. The warhead under item 1 or 2, characterized in that the blasting control device is configured to simultaneously detonate detonators of one section. 4. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated striking element is made in the form of a cylinder or a hexagonal prism with a ratio of length to the largest transverse dimension in the range of 2-4. 5. The warhead according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the elongated striking element is made of steel or a heavy alloy and has a mass of 50-200 g. 6. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of damaging elements is provided with a cylindrical cavity located along its axis. 7. The warhead according to claim 6, characterized in that the cavity of the block of damaging elements is filled with an inert easily compressible material, for example, foam. 8. The warhead according to claim 6, characterized in that the cavity of the block of damaging elements contains an explosive charge equipped with a detonator system connected to a detonation control device. 9. The warhead according to claim 8, characterized in that the explosive charge is made in the form of a monolithic body filling the cavity. 10. The warhead according to claim 8, characterized in that the explosive charge is made up of several sections having sections in the form of a sector, and gaskets made of inert explosion-proof materials are placed between the sections. 11. The warhead according to claim 8, characterized in that the explosive charge has an annular section, the cavity of which is filled with a block of damaging elements.

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