RU2248252C1 - Multipurpose hydrodynamic homogenizing dispenser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil refining and chemical and other industries; devices for dispersion and mixing of streams of liquid-phase mediums.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertinent to the devices for dispersion and mixing of streams of liquid and may be used for preparation of different technological processes in oil refining industry, chemical industry and other industries. The multipurpose hydrodynamic homogenizing dispenser contains: a cylindrical body (1); in series mounted means of provision of ultrasonic treatment of a stream, each of which is made in the form of an emitter (2) with crescent-shaped vanes (3) and having the form of a part of the Archimedes' spiral. The crescent-shaped vanes (3) are made hollow out of granules with open porosity. The body (1) has holes (10) and in the emitter (2) there are the ring-shaped cavities (11) and the vanes have cavities (12) for delivery of an additional stream. The stream of a multi-component liquid moving inside the body (1) flows over the cone dissector (7). Then flowing over the tangential holes (6)it falls into a cavity chamber (9), where the zones of intensive cavitation are formed. Moving in the cavity chamber (9) the stream under pressure arrives into the strombuliform channels (8) of emitter (2). Simultaneously through the ring-shaped cavity (11), channels (13) and through the open pores in the vanes (3) feed an additional liquid-phase or gaseous stream directly into the zone of treatment. Due to that in the indicated channels additional braking and correction of a part of the main stream, that in turn improves quality of machining (a dispersion and homogenization). At the same time there is a deflection of a part of the main stream by the additional stream from vanes 3, that results in a decrease of the action on the vanes (3) of the formed swirls and the circulation flows formed during the treatment, that increases the service life of the emitter and the whole dispenser. Besides correction of a delivery pressure of the additional stream allows to regulate the process of dispersion and homogenization. After that the two-jet stream is again transformed into a joint stream, the speed of which again is reduced at the outlet of the emitter (2) and entering the chamber (12). In the swirl chamber (5) and in the chamber (12) at the expense of a collapse of cavitation bubbles with generation of micro-impact waves and acoustic oscillations of the certain energies also there is a process of a dispersion and homogenization of the components of the stream. The cycle of the cavitation treatment is repeated in the next tool of the ultrasonic treatment. The technical result is an increased quality of the stream treatment, expansion of technological capabilities and reliability of operation of the dispenser.

EFFECT: the invention ensures expansion of technological capabilities and reliability of operation of the dispenser.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for dispersion, homogenization and mixing of fluid flows and can be used to intensify various technological processes in the oil refining, chemical and other industries, in particular, for the processing of heavy petroleum fuels used in industry and power engineering.

A known ultrasonic mixer containing a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a cylindrical chamber with emitters made in the form of vanes forming channels sequentially mounted in a spiral of Archimedes (USSR author's certificate No. 316482, 06 V 1/20, 1971).

The known ultrasonic mixer does not provide the required quality of mixing, dispersion and homogenization of the processed flows, because the processed stream is exposed to a one-time cavitation effect.

The closest technical solution for the totality of the essential features inherent in the invention is an ultrasonic device for treating liquid, containing a cylindrical body and two sequentially installed jet ultrasonic emitters (Utility Model Patent of the Russian Federation No. 32005, 06 V 1/20, 2003).

However, the known device does not provide effective dispersion and homogenization of the processed stream, at the same time, the known device has a low service life due to intensive cavitation wear of sickle-shaped blades, due to the action of the resulting vortices and circulation flows, which lead to vibration and scraping of the material of the blades. Also, there is no possibility of supplying directly to the cavitation zone additional liquid-phase and gas flows for mixing and processing with the main stream, in addition, there is no possibility to regulate the process of dispersion and homogenization in the process of processing the streams.

The claimed invention is based on the solution of several technical problems at the same time:

- improving the quality of flow processing;

- expansion of technological capabilities;

- improving the reliability of the dispersant.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in a universal hydrodynamic homogenizing dispersant containing a cylindrical body with a working chamber and at least two means of providing ultrasonic treatment, installed sequentially one after another respectively in the inlet zone and in the outlet zone of the processed stream, each of which made in the form of a cylindrical distributor with a divider installed inside it and an emitter with crescent-shaped blades having the form of a part of Archimedean spir ali and forming spiral channels, sickle-shaped blades are made hollow of granules with open porosity.

The granules can be made of nitride or titanium carbide.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device in section.

Figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 - view B (enlarged).

The universal hydrodynamic homogenizing dispersant comprises a cylindrical body 1, sequentially installed in the body 1 means for providing ultrasonic flow treatment, each of which is made in the form of a radiator 2 with crescent-shaped blades 3, having the form of a part of an Archimedean spiral and joined with a cylindrical distributor 4, with the possibility of the formation of a vortex chamber 5. On the distributor 4 along its circumference tangential holes 6 are made, and inside the cylindrical distributor 5 is located mustache divider 7.

Crescent-shaped blades 3 are made hollow of granules with an open porosity of 3-5%, and are installed with the possibility of formation of spiral channels 8, and a cylindrical distributor 4 forms a cavitation chamber 9 with the working surface of the housing 1.

In each emitter 2, means are made for supplying directly into the processing zone an additional liquid-phase or gas medium, for example, in the form of holes 10 in the housing 1, an annular cavity 11 and crescent cavities 12, interconnected by channels 13.

A universal hydrodynamic homogenizing dispersant operates as follows.

The flow of multicomponent liquid, moving inside the housing 1, flows onto a conical divider 7, mounted with its apex towards the flow. Due to the narrowing of the orifice, the flow rate increases. Then, flowing onto the tangential openings 6, due to an even greater narrowing of the bore, the flow rate increases sharply, and the pressure drops. This leads to the fact that in the cavitation chamber 9 there are zones of intense cavitation. The collapse of cavitation bubbles occurring in the cavitation chamber 9 is accompanied by high-velocity microflows and hydraulic shock pressures, which facilitate intensive dispersion and homogenization of the treated stream.

Due to the fact that the holes 6 are made tangentially, the fluid flow acquires a rotational movement. Moving in the cavitation chamber 9, the flow under pressure enters the spiral channels 8 of the emitter 2. In this case, the liquid flows passing through the spiral channels 8 are directed at an acute angle to the opposite blades, where the energy of the liquid stream is converted into sound and ultrasonic energy fluctuations. Simultaneously with the main processed stream entering the channels 8 through the channels 13 from the annular cavity 11 of the emitter 2 into the sickle cavities 12 and through the open pores of the blades 3, an additional liquid-phase or gaseous stream is supplied to the treatment zone. As a result of this, additional turbulence and inhibition of part of the main flow occurs in these sickle-shaped channels, which, in turn, improves the quality of processing (dispersion and homogenization).

At the same time, part of the main stream is discarded by an additional stream from the blades 3, as a result of which the effect on the blades 3 of the resulting vortices and circulating flows that occur during processing is reduced, which increases the operating life of the emitter and the entire dispersant as a whole.

In addition, by adjusting the supply pressure of the additional stream, the dispersion and homogenization process are regulated.

Next, the two-jet stream is again converted into a common stream, which again slows down when exiting the emitter 2 and entering the chamber 12. In the vortex chamber 5 and in the chamber 12 due to the collapse of the bubbles with the generation of microshock waves and acoustic vibrations of certain energies, the process of dispersion and homogenization also takes place flow components.

In a subsequent ultrasonic treatment tool, the cavitation treatment cycle is repeated.

Comparative thermal tests of the proposed dispersant and the known device showed that due to the combination of the claimed features set forth in the claims, it is provided:

- improving the quality of the flow processing (dispersion of 3-5 microns in the proposed dispersant in comparison with 7-12 microns in the known);

- expansion of technological capabilities by providing processing of the main stream with additional and regulation of the processing process;

- improving the reliability of the dispersant by increasing the life of the emitter.

Claims (1)

A universal hydrodynamic homogenizing dispersant containing a cylindrical body with a working chamber and at least two ultrasonic processing means installed sequentially one after the other respectively in the inlet and outlet zones of the treated stream, each of which is made in the form of a cylindrical distributor installed inside a divider, and a radiator with crescent-shaped blades, having the form of part of an Archimedean spiral and forming spiral channels, characterized in that the sickle-shaped blades are made of hollow granules having open porosity.

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