RU2242322C1 - Four-striker forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic working of metals, possibly forging ingots and billets in hydraulic forging presses and radial-squeezing machines.

SUBSTANCE: two holders of upper and lower strikers and two holders of lateral strikers have respective inclined surfaces and they are kinematically coupled one with other by means of eight guides having П-shaped cross section. Each guide is fixed at one side on lateral surface of holder of upper or lower striker. At other side of guide its inclined surface is in sliding contact with inclined surface of holder of lateral striker. Strikers are secured to holders. Inclined surfaces of guides are arranged by inclination angle 0-75 degrees relative to inclined surfaces of holders of strikers. Holder of lower striker includes lengthwise grooves. In lower part of holders of lateral strikers scrapers or brushes are mounted. Working surfaces of scrapers or brushes rest upon sliding surfaces of holder of lower striker.

EFFECT: improved design, elimination of jamming of lateral striker holders in guides, prevention of scale penetration on sliding surfaces.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, in particular to four-forging forging devices and can be used for forging ingots and billets on hydraulic forging presses and radial crimping machines.

It can be used in the machine-building and metallurgical industries in the manufacture of products with an extended axis, rolling mills and the like, as well as in the production of forged blanks for subsequent pressure treatment, for example, forgings from structural, stainless, heat-resistant and hard-to-deform steels and alloys.

A four-sided forging device used in a four-sided radial crimp machine is known (see, for example, the book “Forging on Radial Crimp Machines” (V.A. Tyurin, V.A. Lazorkin, I.A. Pospelov et al. - M. : Mechanical Engineering, 1990, p.13), consisting of a housing, inside of which are located four rocker-connecting rod mechanisms, interconnected by gears and four strikers attached to the sliders.

The disadvantages of the forging device under consideration are: the impossibility of radial compression with the simultaneous shift of the strikers of one pair relative to another pair or relative to any striker; the impossibility of large single reductions; design complexity and low reliability. In addition, this device cannot be used for forging on a hydraulic forging press.

A four-sided forging device is known, consisting of two holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined surfaces, kinematically, using guides - links connected to them by two holders of side strikers with inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the upper and lower holders and four strikers attached to the corresponding holders (see, for example, Japanese application No. 58-12088, class B 21 J 9/06, 9/02, 13/2, publ. 07.03.83).

It is also known four-sided forging device in a radial forging installation, consisting of two holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined surfaces, kinematically associated with them two holders of the side strikers with inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, using eight guides П- figurative cross-section mounted on the side surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, each of which, on one side is fixed motionless on its side on the other side of the holder of the upper or lower striker, and on the other hand with its inclined plane has movable contact with the inclined plane of the holder of the side striker, and four strikers attached to the holders of the strikers (see, for example, Ukrainian patent No. 21986 A, class B 21 J 13 / 02, publ. BI No. 2, 04/30/98).

A disadvantage of the known four-sided forging device is that during its operation it is possible to jam the holders of the side strikers in the guides. This is possible both due to distortions that are inevitable for such a design of the device, and due to the ingress of scale on the sliding surface, which accumulates in large quantities near the lower hammer. Jamming the device may result in destruction.

The basis of the invention is the task, by changing the design of the four-sided forging device, to eliminate the possibility of jamming of the holders of the side strikers in the guides and the ingress of scale on the sliding surface.

The problem is achieved in that in a four-sided forging device consisting of two holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined surfaces, kinematically connected to them two holders of the side strikers with inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, using eight guides П- figurative cross section mounted on the side surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, each of which, on the one hand, is fixed motionless on the side surface of the upper or lower firing pin holder and on the other side of its inclined plane has a movable contact with the inclined plane of the firing pin holder side, and four pins, pins are attached to the holders. New is that the inclined planes of the guides having movable contacts with the inclined planes of the other striker holders are located at an angle of 0-75 ° to the inclined surfaces of the striker holders, and longitudinal grooves are made in the holder of the lower striker, between the base for fastening the striker and the inclined surfaces component (0.07-0.6) B, where B is the width of the holder of the lower striker with bevels in the direction of the front surfaces, while scrapers or brushes based on them working surfaces on the sliding surface of the holder of the lower striker.

Patented four-sided forging device is illustrated by schemes (Fig.1-4).

Figure 1 shows the four-sided forging device in a static state, General view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; figure 4 - four-sided forging device at the time of compression of the workpiece.

Four-forging device consists of the holder of the upper striker 1, the holder of the lower striker 2, the holders of the side strikers 3, 4 of the strikers 5-8, guides 9-12 (figure 1). In the holder of the lower striker, between the base for attaching the striker and the inclined surfaces, longitudinal grooves 13.14 are made with a width of = (0.07-0.6) B, where B is the width of the holder of the lower striker, with bevels in the direction of the front surfaces of the device. Longitudinal grooves are designed to collect and remove scale that crumbles from an ingot or workpiece during forging. In the lower part of the holders of the side strikers, scrapers or brushes 15, 16 are fixed, designed to remove dirt and scale falling during the operation of the device.

In the upper plate of the press 17, mounted on a movable traverse of the press, as well as to the striker 18, the device is attached using the connections provided for the press (Fig. 1).

The holders 3, 4 of the side strikers 5, 7 have inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the holders 1, 2 of the upper 6 and lower 8 strikers and are kinematically connected with them by means of guides 9-12, providing reciprocating movements of the holders of the side strikers (Fig. 1, 4).

The inclined planes of the guides 9-12, having movable contacts with the inclined planes of the holders of the side strikers 3.4, are located at an angle α = 0-75 ° to the inclined surfaces of the holders of the strikers (figure 2).

The execution of the inclined planes of the guides having movable contacts with the inclined planes of other holders of the strikers, with angles α = 0-75 ° provides a smooth, without distortion movement of the holders of the side strikers relative to the holders of the upper and lower strikers.

At an angle of α> 75 °, it is possible that the holders of the side strikers can jam and jam and break the guides.

The dimensions of the longitudinal grooves 13, 14 for accumulation and removal of scale depend on the width of the holder of the lower striker B (Fig. 1. 3). Longitudinal grooves with a width of <0.07V during forging can quickly fill with scale, and then this scale falls on the inclined surfaces of the holders of the strikers, which will lead to scoring on these surfaces. Scuffing on inclined surfaces, along which the holders of the side strikers are sliding, worsen the working conditions of the device, which ultimately leads to the need for repair by grinding the inclined surfaces. In some cases, if the scale gets on the sliding surface, the device may jam.

The execution of longitudinal grooves with a width of> 0.6 V is not advisable, since in this case the dimensions of the device increase.

The bevels from the front surfaces are intended for shedding of scale and for its quick removal from longitudinal grooves (Fig. 3).

The operation of the device is as follows. When lifting the movable crosshead of the press with the top plate 17 up, the holder of the upper striker 1 with the striker 6 also moves up and, at the same time, using guides 9-12, pushes the holders of the side strikers 3, 4 to the sides, opening the working space of the device (Fig. 4) . Then, the workpiece using the manipulator is fed into the working area of the device. After that, the working stroke of the press is switched on, in which its movable crosshead moves the holder of the upper striker 1 together with the striker b in the direction of the workpiece 19 and, together with the striker 8, compresses it in a vertical plane. At the same time, using inclined surfaces, the holder of the upper striker 1 moves towards the workpiece 19 the holders 3, 4 of the side strikers 5, 7, which compress it in the radial and tangential directions. After the crimping of the workpiece, the crosshead of the press moves upward, revealing the device, and the crimping cycle is repeated.

In the process of crimping the heated billet 19, the scale falls into the lower part of the device, first falling into the longitudinal grooves 13, 14, and then crumbles along the bevels onto the tool table. Part of the scale blanks flying during the forging process falls onto the open sliding surfaces on the holder of the lower hammer 2. From these surfaces, the scale is removed with the help of scrapers or brushes 15, 16 when the holders of the side strikers 3, 4 move down (Fig. 4).

The proposed design of the four-forging device eliminates the possibility of jamming of the holders of the side strikers in the guides and the ingress of scale on the sliding surface.

Claims (1)

Four-forging device comprising two holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined surfaces, two holders of side strikers with inclined surfaces corresponding to the inclined surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, kinematically connected with the said holders of the upper and lower strikers using eight U-shaped cross-section guides mounted on the side surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, each of which is fixed on one side on the side the surface of the holder of the upper or lower striker, and on the other hand with its inclined plane has movable contact with the inclined plane of the holder of the side striker, and four strikers attached to the holders of the strikers, characterized in that the inclined planes of the guides having movable contact with the inclined planes of other holders of the strikers are located at an angle of 0-75 ° to the inclined surfaces of the striker holders, and longitudinal grooves are made in the holder of the lower striker between the base for fastening the striker and the inclined surfaces a width of (0.07-0.6) B, where B is the width of the holder of the lower striker with bevels in the direction of the front surfaces, while scrapers or brushes are installed in the lower part of the holders of the side strikers, resting their working surfaces on the sliding surface of the lower holder brisk.

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