RU2238408C1 - Method for extracting ore blocks, cut by subvertical post-ore dike - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: method includes documenting post-ore dikes of sub-vertical fall, including no mineral resources, having lesser hardness and more broken, and areas of effect of these dikes is contoured. Compensation hollows are formed on both sides of dike at limits of area of dynamically meta-morphed ore with rich ore, at distance from axial line of dike, determined from mathematical expression. Outlet mines are formed along long axis of compensation hollow. Drilling of well sets is performed in rock solids of post-ore dike and area of ores dynamic metamorphism - in planes normal to main cracks system and of long axes of compensation hollows, and in main portion of ore block - in parallel to long axes of compensation hollows. Firsthand extraction of wells in dike rocks is performed as well as in area of ores dynamic metamorphism on compensation hollow by charges with lesser specific losses of explosive substances in main portion of block - in areas of hard and solid rock solids - massive is extracted onto formed compressed environment. First of all main portion of block is let out with richer ore, and then - poorer ore from area of ores dynamic metamorphism and dike rocks.

EFFECT: higher quality of product ore.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of ore blocks of complex structure in underground mining.

There is a method of explosive breaking of ore blocks dissected by a dike (positive decision on application 2001101189/03 (001116)), in which the wells in the contact zone between the worked out space and the dike are located at a distance inversely proportional to the fracture modulus, the wells drilled behind the dike are located dikes at a distance inversely proportional to the modulus of fracture and power of the dike, and explode in two stages: first blow up the wells located before the dike relative to the worked out space, then s after the dikes.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of consideration of the effect of dilution of rich ore by dike rocks and poor ore of the near-contact zone during explosive breaking. When ore is released from a block mined by the system of floor-compulsory caving of a dike, the poor and rich ore are additionally mixed, not ensuring stable quality.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of developing ore deposits (AS 1642002, E 21 C 41/16), including preliminary contouring of the distribution zones of rocks, differing in material composition, natural blockiness and strength, the formation of compensation cavities between the mountain zones rocks, formation of outlet workings along the long axis of the compensation cavity, drilling of fan holes in rock zones with lower strength and greater disturbance in planes normal to long axis of the compensation cavity, and in the zones of rocks with greater strength and less disturbance - in planes parallel to this axis, primary compensation of rocks with less strength and more disturbed by charges with lower specific explosive consumption is produced on the compensation cavity and form a clamped medium then, with charges with a higher specific consumption of explosives in the zones of stronger and less disturbed rocks, the massif is beaten onto the formed clamped medium and the ore is first released from the rock zone with less chnostyu and more violated, then the rest of the block.

The disadvantage of this method is that when the dyke and poor ore of the near-contact zone are released from the block, first of all, rich ore will be produced simultaneously with the overlying rocks, and the quality of the produced rich ore will decrease.

The single technical result of the proposed technical solution is to improve the quality of ore produced.

The specified single technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of developing ore blocks, including preliminary contouring of the distribution zones of rocks that differ in material composition, natural blocking and strength, the formation of compensation cavities between the zones of rocks, the formation of outlet openings along the long axis of the compensation cavity, drilling of bundles of wells in areas of weak and severely disturbed rocks in planes normal to the long axis of the compensation cavity and, and in the zones of highly strong and slightly disturbed rocks — in planes parallel to this axis — onto the compensation cavity, the weak-strong and severely disturbed rocks are first blasted with charges with a lower specific explosive consumption and then a clamped medium is formed, then with charges with a high specific explosive consumption in areas of strong and slightly disturbed rocks, the massif is beaten onto the formed clamped medium, initially documented subvertical fall dykes that do not contain minerals, which are less durable and more disturbed, contour the zones formed by the influence of the dike on the ore mass, with a characteristic subparallel occurrence of the dike by fracture, compensation cavities form on both sides of the dike at the boundaries of zones of dynamometamorphically altered ore with rich ore, at a distance from the dike axial line defined by according to the formula

R = k × m,

where R is the distance from the centerline of the dike to the border between the zones of poor modified ore with rich unchanged ore;

k is the coefficient of proportionality between the power of the zone of dynamometamorphism and the power of the dike, depending on the material composition of the host dike ore (with an iron content of less than 23% - k = 2; with an iron content of 23-27% - k = 1.4; with an iron content of 27- 42% - k = 0.8; with an iron content of over 42% - k = 0.5);

m is the power of the dike,

and drilling in the rocks of the ore dike and in the zone of dynamometamorphism of ores is carried out in planes normal to the main system of cracks and long axes of the compensation cavities, and in the main part of the ore block, in parallel to the long axes of the compensation cavities, while the wells in the rocks of the dike and zones of ore dynamometamorphism, then - in the main part of the block to the formed clamped medium, with the first part being the main part of the block with richer ore, then the poorer ore, consisting of ore ores s metamorphism of rocks and dikes.

Preliminary documenting of subvertical fall dykes that do not contain minerals, having less strength and greater disturbance, and outlining the zones of influence of these dikes on the ore mass allows more precise outline of the ore body and its qualitative state, which ensures reliable drilling of the mass and effective breaking.

The formation of compensation cavities on both sides of the dike at the borders of the poor modified ore with rich unchanged ore, at a distance from the dike center line determined by the proposed formula, ensures the separation of the industrial block by ore quality, strength and disturbance of the rocks, the formation of a stable compensation cavity.

Depending on the quality of the ore composition near the dike, the distance from the dike centerline to the boundary between the zones of poor modified ore with rich unchanged ore, determined by the proposed formula taking into account the proportionality coefficient (with an iron content of less than 23% - k = 2; with an iron content of 23- 27% - k = 1.4; with an iron content of 27-42% - k = 0.8; with an iron content of over 42% - k = 0.5), it allows to establish the power of the zone of influence of the dike on the host ore mass.

Drilling of bunches of holes in the rocks of the ore dike and in the zone of dynamometamorphism of ores in planes normal to the main system of cracks and long axes of the compensation cavities, and in the main part of the ore block in parallel to the long axes of compensation cavities, ensures that the rocks of the dike and zone of dynamometamorphism of the ores decrease the line of least resistance in planes normal to the main system of cracks, compared with rich ore in the main part of the block, in which the system of subparallel crack dykes is not the main one.

First of all, blasting holes in the dyke rocks and in the zone of dynamometamorphism of ores, and then in the main part of the block, allows for high-quality explosive breaking of rocks separately for modified poor ore and unchanged rich ore.

The priority issue of the main part of the block with richer ore, and then poor ore, provides an increase in the quality of ore, reduction of losses and dilution on average for the industrial block.

The proposed method for the development of ore blocks reduces the consumption of explosives in production, improves the quality of the extracted minerals and reduces the cost of marketable products.

The essence of the proposed method for the development of ore blocks, dissected by a subvertical dyke, is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the plan of the ore block, figure 2 is a vertical section along section AA.

The proposed method is as follows. On the map of geological surveying of block 1, there is a dike 2 with a capacity of m, poor ore of the dynamometamorphism zone 3, rich ore 4. Drilling mines 5 and output mines 6 are passing, at the contact of the poor ore 3 and rich ore 4 form compensation cavities 7 on either side of conditional center line 8 of dike 2 at a distance R equal to the product of dike power and proportionality coefficient k, depending on the material composition of the dike containing ore, bunches of boreholes 9 are drilled in the dyke rock 2 and lean ore in 3 rows in planes normal to the lengths axis 10 of the compensation cavities 7, bunches of boreholes 11 are drilled in rich ore in 4 rows in planes parallel to the long axis 10 of the compensation cavities 7, bunches of boreholes 9 and 10 charge explosives, the specific consumption of explosives in bunches of wells 9 is assumed to be smaller compared to the specific consumption of explosives bunches of wells 11, depending on the strength and disturbance of the rocks of dyke 2, poor ore 3 and rich ore 4, first explode the bunches of wells 9, then the bundles of boreholes 11, first rich ore 4 is produced in the first (I) stage of production, then poor ore 3 and dyke breed 2 (II ocher q release).

A method for developing ore blocks cut by a subvertical dyke, with the formation of compensation cavities at the contact of the dynamometamorphic influence zone of the dike, the primary breaking of the dike rocks and the zone of dynamometamorphism of ores, the breaking of the main part of the block to the formed clamped medium, the release of primarily rich ore, then poor ore and rocks of a dyke that does not contain minerals provides:

1) high-quality crushing of dike rocks, zones of dynamometamorphism of ores and the main part of the block, composed of rich ore;

2) reducing the consumption of explosives in the production of ore from the block;

3) improving the quality of ore produced.

The proposed method for the development of ore blocks can reduce the cost of secondary blasting, provides high-quality preparation of ore raw materials and the release of ore from the block with a high content of minerals.

Claims (1)

A method for developing ore blocks, including preliminary contouring of rock distribution zones that differ in material composition, natural blocking and strength, the formation of compensation cavities between rock zones, the formation of outlet workings along the long axis of the compensation cavity, the drilling of bunches in zones of weak and severely disturbed rocks in planes normal to the long axis of the compensation cavity, and in the areas of strong and slightly disturbed rocks in planes, pa alleles of this axis, the primary cavity is blasted off with priority charge of weak and severely disturbed rocks with charges with a lower specific explosive consumption and then a clamped medium is formed, then charges with a high specific consumption of explosives in areas of strong and weakly disturbed rocks beat the massif into a formed clamped medium, different the fact that preliminary documented subvertical fall dykes that do not contain minerals, have less strength and are more disturbed, the outline ayut zones formed by dikes influence the ore array, characteristic subparallel bedding dikes fracture, wherein the compensation cavity is formed on both sides of the dike at the boundaries of zones dynamometamorphic modified ore rich ore, at a distance from the axial line of the dike, defined by the formula R = k where R is the distance from the centerline of the dike to the border between the zones of poor modified ore with rich unchanged ore; k is the coefficient of proportionality between the power of the zone of dynamometamorphism and the power of the dike, depending on the material composition of the host dike ore (with an iron content of less than 23% - k = 2; with an iron content of 23-27% - k = 1.4; with an iron content of 27- 42% - k = 0.8; with an iron content of over 42% - k = 0.5); m is the power of the dike, and drilling of bunches of wells is performed in the rocks of the ore dike and in the zone of dynamometamorphism of ores - in planes normal to the main system of cracks and long axes of the compensation cavities, and in the main part of the ore block - in parallel to the long axes of the compensation cavities, while the wells in the rocks of the dike are first blown up and zones of ore dynamometamorphism, then in the main part of the block to the formed clamped medium, and first of all the main part of the block with richer ore is produced, and then the poorer ore from the dynamamet zone orphism ores and rocks of the dike.

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