RU2233086C1 - Apparatus for thermal processing of hardtack semi-finished pieces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of hardtacks, in particular, equipment for producing rye, rye-wheat and wheat hardtacks.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has chamber divided into drying zone and cooling zone and equipped with hopper for charging of hardtack semi-finished pieces and discharge device for discharging of ready hardtacks. Conveyors are arranged in juxtaposed relation in said chamber for transportation of hardtack semi-finished pieces. Said chamber is equipped with heat generator, fan for supplying air into cooling zone and fan for discharge of used drying agent. Also, chamber is equipped with frying zone separated from drying zone and cooling zone by partitions and rotor gates. Frying zone is communicated with heat generator and drying zone is communicated through opening in one of partitions with frying and cooling zones. Drying and frying zone conveyors are fitted with individual drives for individual regulation of drying and frying processes, respectively.

EFFECT: improved quality of product owing to uniform drying and frying of hardtack semi-finished pieces.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to cracker production, and in particular to devices designed to obtain rye, rye-wheat and wheat crackers.

Known universal drying installation, which consists of a chamber divided into drying and cooling zones. The camera includes a hopper for loading workpieces intended for drying, and a device for unloading the finished product. Conveyors are installed in the chamber, located one above the other and designed to move workpieces. The chamber is in communication with a heat generator, which in turn is connected with a fan for supplying air to the heat generator, as well as with a fan for supplying air to the cooling zone and a fan for removing the spent drying agent ("Rural Mechanizer", 1999, No. 6, p. 9, fifty).

This installation is the closest to the declared. Its disadvantages include uneven drying, as well as the lack of the effect of frying workpieces intended for obtaining rye, rye-wheat and wheat crackers.

The present invention is directed to the creation of an energy-saving installation for heat treatment of rye, rye-wheat and wheat crackers, providing them with uniform drying and frying.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for the heat treatment of crackers blanks, comprising a chamber divided into drying and cooling zones with a hopper for loading crackers blanks and a device for unloading crackers, conveyors located in the chamber one above the other for moving the processed crackers blanks with a camera a heat generator, a fan for supplying air to the heat generator, a fan for supplying air to the cooling zone and a fan for exhausting spent dryers of the agent, along with the drying and cooling zones, a frying zone is provided, separated from the drying and cooling zones by means of partitions and rotary locks, the frying zone being in communication with a heat generator, and the drying zone, through an opening made in one of the partitions, with frying zones and cooling, while the conveyors of the drying and frying zones are equipped with individual drives for separately controlling the duration of the drying and frying processes, respectively.

These features are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The inventive device may also provide that the frying zone conveyor is integrated with the cooling zone conveyor and has an individual drive, with the partition separating the frying zone from the cooling zone being placed so that the length of the frying zone exceeds the length of the cooling zone. Advantageously, this excess can be from 2 to 7 times.

It can also be provided in the device that the conveyors are slatted, arranged obliquely, and gas distribution louvre floorings are installed under them, while the space between the floorings installed in the drying zone is limited from the ends by gaskets.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for heat treatment of biscuits crackers.

The device is a chamber 1, divided into zones of drying 2, roasting 3 and cooling 4. The chamber is equipped with a hopper 5 for loading crackers and a device 6 for unloading finished crackers. In the chamber one above the other there are conveyors 7 for moving the processed workpieces of crackers. The chamber 1 is in communication with a heat generator 8 for supplying heated air to it, with a fan 9 for supplying atmospheric air to the cooling zone 4 and a fan 10 for removing the spent drying agent. The heat generator 8 is in communication with the fan 11 for supplying atmospheric air to it. The roasting zone 3 is separated from the drying zones 2 and the cooling zone 4 by means of partitions 12 and rotary locks 13. The roasting zone 3 is directly connected to the heat generator 8. The drying zone 2 is communicated with the roasting zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 through an opening 14 made in one of the partitions 12. The conveyors 7 of the drying zone 2 and the frying zone 3 are provided with individual drives 15 for separately controlling the duration of the drying and frying processes, respectively.

Figure 2 schematically shows a device for the heat treatment of biscuit crackers, in which the conveyor 7 of the frying zone 3 is combined with the conveyor 7 of the cooling zone 4 and has an individual drive 15, while the partition 12 separating the frying zone 3 from the cooling zone 4 is placed so that the length of the frying zone exceeds the length of the cooling zone.

Figure 3 schematically shows a device for the heat treatment of biscuit crackers, in which the conveyors 7 are made of chain-type, arranged obliquely, and gas distribution louvre floorings 16 are installed under them, while the space between the floors installed in the drying zone is limited from the ends by seals 17.

A device for heat treatment of biscuits crackers works as follows.

From the hopper 5, the crackers blanks are fed to the conveyor 7 of the drying zone 2, in which the necessary moisture removal from the blanks is carried out. Then, the dried billets are moved using a conveyor 7 in the roasting zone 3, which is connected to the heat generator 8, which supplies heated air to this zone through the fan 11. The connection of the heat generator 8 with the roasting zone 3 provides the most optimal conditions for roasting the baked goods prepared at the previous stage. The roasting zone 3 is separated from the drying zone 4 by means of partitions 12 and rotary shutters 13. In one of these partitions a hole 14 is made which provides the supply of heated air from the roasting zone 3 to the drying zone 2.

From the roasting zone 3, crackers enter the cooling zone 4. The cooling is carried out by means of atmospheric air supplied to the cooling zone by the fan 9. The roasting zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 are separated by a partition. This provides optimal conditions for both frying and cooling.

Since the drying zone 2 is also connected to the cooling zone 4 by means of the hole 14, the temperature of the heated air coming from the frying zone 3 to the drying zone 2 is reduced, which provides the necessary temperature for the drying process. Ready crackers are unloaded using the device 6. The duration of the drying and roasting process is regulated by the fact that the conveyors 7 of the drying zones 2 and roasting 3 are equipped with individual drives for separately controlling the duration of the drying and roasting processes, respectively.

Thus, the claimed device provides an effective mode of drying and frying the workpieces of rye, rye-wheat and wheat crackers, allowing you to get well-dried and fried crackers, corresponding to the optimal organoleptic characteristics.

Positions and symbols in FIGS. 1-3.

1 - camera;

2 - drying zone;

3 - roasting zone;

4 - cooling zone;

5 - a hopper for loading crackers;

6 - a device for unloading finished crackers;

7 - conveyors for moving workpieces;

8 - heat generator;

9 - fan for supplying atmospheric air to the cooling zone;

10 - fan for removal of spent drying agent;

11 - fan for supplying atmospheric air to the heat generator;

12 - partitions separating the drying, frying and cooling zones;

13 - rotor shutters of conveyors;

14 - hole in the partition for the flow of coolant into the drying zone;

15 - conveyor drive;

16 - gas distribution louvre flooring;

17 - seals;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{I}}{\text{in}}$ - air temperature;

t _y is the temperature of the exhaust products of combustion;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{I}}{\text{o}}$ - the optimum temperature of the heated air at the entrance to the frying zone;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{II}}{\text{o}}$ - at the exit of the roasting zone;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{I}}{\text{from}}$ - the optimum temperature of the drying agent at the entrance to the drying chamber;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{II}}{\text{from}}$ - at the exit of the drying chamber;

t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{II}}{\text{in}}$ - air temperature at the outlet of the cooling zone.

Claims (3)

1. A device for the heat treatment of crackers blanks, including a chamber divided into drying and cooling zones with a hopper for loading crackers blanks and a device for unloading crackers, conveyors located in the chamber one above the other for moving processed crackers blanks, a heat generator communicated with the chamber, a fan for air supply to the heat generator, a fan for supplying air to the cooling zone and a fan for removing the spent drying agent, characterized in that, along with the drying zones and cooling, a roasting zone is provided, separated from the drying and cooling zones by means of partitions and rotary locks, the roasting zone being in communication with a heat generator, and the drying zone through an opening made in one of the partitions, with roasting and cooling zones, while the drying zone conveyors and the fryers are provided with individual drives for separately controlling the duration of the drying and frying processes, respectively. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frying zone conveyor is integrated with the cooling zone conveyor and has an individual drive, while the partition separating the frying zone from the cooling zone is placed so that the length of the frying zone exceeds the length of the cooling zone. 3. The device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the conveyors are made of planed chains, located obliquely, and gas distribution louvre floorings are installed under them, while the space between the floors installed in the drying zone is limited by sealants from the ends.

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