RU223013U1 - Hydrocyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for separating suspensions, namely hydrocyclones, and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical, food industries, as well as in other industries. In a hydrocyclone, including a cylindrical-conical body, a cover, an inlet pipe located tangentially to the cylindrical-conical body, an upper drain pipe coaxially located in the cover, a lower drain pipe coaxially located in the lower part of the cylindrical-conical body, the diameter of the upper drain pipe dв is 0.41 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical body D, the diameter of the inlet pipe din is determined from the equation , where Sv is the specified concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product, kg of solid per kg of liquid; Ссх - concentration of the initial suspension, kg of solid per kg of liquid; α is the taper angle of the conical part of the cylindrical-conical body, degrees; ρт - density of the solid phase, kg/m ³ ; ρl - liquid density, kg/ ^m3 ; d50 - average particle size of the solid phase, m; νс - kinematic viscosity of the initial suspension, m ² /s; ρс - density of the initial suspension, kg/m ³ . Technical result: ensuring minimal energy costs to achieve a given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product. 2 ill.

Description

×The utility model relates to devices for separating suspensions, namely hydrocyclones, and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical, food industries, as well as in other industries.

A hydrocyclone is known, including a cylindrical-conical body, a lid, an inlet pipe located tangentially to the cylindrical-conical body, an upper drain pipe coaxially located in the lid, a lower drain pipe coaxially located in the lower part of the cylindrical-conical body, the diameter of the upper drain pipe is 0.41 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical body ( M. G. Lagutkin, E. Yu. Baranova, A. N. Shulyak, A. V. Starostin, “The influence of the geometric parameters of the hydrocyclone on the hydraulic resistance and efficiency of the suspension separation process,” Chemical and Oil and Gas Engineering, 2021, No. 10, p. 4).

The disadvantage of the known hydrocyclone is that there is no justification for the diameters of the inlet pipe, which will ensure minimal energy costs to ensure a given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product.

The purpose of the useful model is to justify the choice of the inlet pipe diameter din, which will ensure minimal energy costs to ensure a given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known hydrocyclone, including a cylindrical-conical body, a cover, an inlet pipe located tangentially to the cylindrical-conical body, an upper drain pipe coaxially located in the lid, a lower drain pipe coaxially located in the lower part of the cylindrical-conical body, the diameter of the upper drain pipe dв is 0. 41 from the diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical body D, the diameter of the inlet pipe din is determined from the equation

,

where St is the specified concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product, kg of solid per kg of liquid;

Ссх - concentration of the initial suspension, kg of solid per kg of liquid;

α is the taper angle of the conical part of the cylindrical-conical body, degrees;

ρт - density of the solid phase, kg/ ^m3 ;

ρl - liquid density, kg/ ^m3 ;

d50 - average particle size of the solid phase, m;

νс - kinematic viscosity of the initial suspension, m ² /s;

ρс - density of the initial suspension, kg/m ³ .

In fig. 1 shows a general view of the hydrocyclone;

in fig. 2 section A-A Fig. 1.

The hydrocyclone includes a cylindrical-conical body 1, a cover 2, an inlet pipe 3 located tangentially to the cylindrical-conical body, an upper drain pipe 4 coaxially located in the cover 2, a lower drain pipe 5 coaxially located in the lower part of the cylindrical-conical body 1.

A hydrocyclone works as follows.

The separated suspension through the inlet pipe 3 enters the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical body 1 and twists, moves in a spiral down to the lower drain pipe 5. Due to the tightness of the flow outlet through the lower drain pipe 5, an upward flow is formed in the central zone of the cylindrical-conical body 1, which exits through the upper drain pipe 4. Due to the discontinuity of continuity, an air column is formed along the axis of the cylindrical-conical body 1. Large solid particles, under the influence of the centrifugal force of inertia, the centripetal force of Archimedes and the flow resistance force acting in the radial direction, move towards the wall of the cylindrical-conical body 1 and are discharged through the lower drain pipe 5 (thickened product), and small solid particles with a diameter less than the boundary grain of separation dgr move towards the axis of the cylindrical-conical body 1 and are discharged through the upper drain pipe 4 (clarified product).

The book (Ternovsky I.G., Kutepov A.M. Hydrocyclonation. - M: Nauka, 1994. 350 S., p. 138, formulas 4.32 - 4.34) presents dependencies for calculating the concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product St. From the known dependencies, an equation was obtained for calculating the pressure in the inlet pipe 3 of the hydrocyclone Рвх, at which the specified concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product Сw will be ensured:

.

The lower the pressure in the inlet pipe 3 of the hydrocyclone Рвх, the lower the energy costs to ensure a given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product Sv, which are defined as the product of the pressure in the inlet pipe 3 of the hydrocyclone Рвх and the volumetric productivity of the initial suspension. Hydrocyclones operate stably at a pressure in the inlet pipe 3 of the hydrocyclone Рвх not lower than 25000 Pa. Based on this, an equation was obtained for calculating the diameter of the inlet pipe din, which will ensure the minimum energy costs to ensure a given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product.

The inlet diameter can be found in Mathcad using the Given and Find commands.

Let's look at a specific example.

There is a hydrocyclone with a diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical body D=50mm=0.05m; the taper angle of the conical part of the cylindrical-conical body is α=15°. The diameter of the upper drain pipe is 0.41×D=20.5 mm. Concentration of the initial suspension, Cis = 0.041 kg of solid per kg of liquid. Solid phase density ρt=2650 kg/ ^m3 , liquid density ρl=1000 kg/ ^m3 . The average particle size of the solid phase is d50=20×10 ^-6 m. Kinematic viscosity of the initial suspension νс=1.013×10 ^-6 m ² /s. The density of the initial suspension, taking into account the density of the solid phase, liquid and concentration of the initial suspension, will be ρс = 1025 kg/m ³ . From the above equation in the Mathcad system, using the Given and Find commands, the diameter of the inlet pipe din = 7.15 mm was determined, at which the minimum energy costs will be ensured to achieve the given concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product.

Execution of a hydrocyclone with a diameter of the upper drain pipe 3 with a diameter of 0.41 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical body D and the diameter of the inlet pipe din of the pipe, which is determined from the equation

which will ensure minimal energy costs for the suspension separation process.

Claims (10)

A hydrocyclone comprising a cylindrical-conical body, a cover, an inlet pipe located tangentially to the cylindrical-conical body, an upper drain pipe coaxially located in the lid, a lower drain pipe coaxially located in the lower part of the cylindrical-conical body, the diameter of the upper drain pipe dв is 0.41 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical body D , characterized in that the diameter of the inlet pipe din is determined from the equation where Sv is the specified concentration of the solid phase in the clarified product, kg of solid per kg of liquid; Ссх - concentration of the initial suspension, kg of solid per kg of liquid; α is the taper angle of the conical part of the cylindrical-conical body, degrees; ρт - density of the solid phase, kg/m ³ ; ρl - liquid density, kg/ ^m3 ; d50 - average particle size of the solid phase, m; νc - kinematic viscosity of the original suspension, m ² /s; ρс - density of the initial suspension, kg/m ³ .