CN101898175A - Cyclone separator with grooved wall surface - Google Patents
Cyclone separator with grooved wall surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN101898175A CN101898175A CN2010101034990A CN201010103499A CN101898175A CN 101898175 A CN101898175 A CN 101898175A CN 2010101034990 A CN2010101034990 A CN 2010101034990A CN 201010103499 A CN201010103499 A CN 201010103499A CN 101898175 A CN101898175 A CN 101898175A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cyclone separator with a grooved wall surface for heterogeneous system separation, which mainly and sequentially comprises a riser (1), a system inlet (2), a cylinder body (3), a cone body (4) and a tail pipe (5) from top to bottom, wherein a groove channel (7) is arranged on an inner wall (6) according to a medium flowing direction with larger system density, the groove channel (7) forms an alpha angle with a fluid flowing direction, and the cross section of the groove channel (7) is in a semicircular shape, an arc shape, a triangular shape or other geometrical shapes. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction and large operation elasticity, is easy to reform the original structure, can obviously reduce cutting grain diameter sizes and greatly increases heterogeneous separation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of machinery that utilizes centrifugal force partition density different medium, specifically be about a kind of by having conduit at the separation equipment wall, utilize the cyclone separator of contained solid particle in centrifugal force divided gas flow that medium produces or the liquid.
Background technology
As everyone knows, a kind of important method of separating heterogeneous system is to adopt so-called cyclone separator (being applicable to gas-solid or the solution-air system) or cyclone (being applicable to liquid-solid, liquid-liquid or solution-air system).Heterogeneous system enters separation equipment with certain speed, fluid media (medium) is subjected to the constraint of how much parts and produces and rotatablely move, because different in the heterogeneous system have density contrast mutually, the consequent centrifugal force that varies in size impels each system to produce separation in geometric space, by suitable method different systems are derived this equipment respectively then, this has just realized the separation of heterogeneous system.
Because simple in structure, advantages such as applicability strong, reliable operation, cyclone separator are widely adopted in producing and living.For example in oil exploitation industry, extensively adopt cyclone that the water-oil in the extraction liquid-sand system is separated.In oil refining and petrochemical industry, cyclone separator is the key equipment of separating cycle catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor system.In the CFBC process of coal, cyclone separator is one of topmost equipment of the decision combustion system thermal efficiency.
Continue to have carried out for many years at the improvement of cyclone separator separation with service behaviour.For example Chinese patent 02226256.3 (a kind of dedusting tubes of cyclone dust collectors) has announced that a kind of wall adds the mode of vertical gusset; hope comes the separation of reinforcing particle by the eddy current of fluid between gusset; but it is well-known; cyclone separator with the moving feature of strong eddy flow will cause serious turbulent flow pulsation horizontal plunderring when having the large-size step; therefore; this particle that has been split into wall can reenter main flow area owing to the turbulent flow pulsation of air-flow, thereby has reduced separative efficiency.Chinese patent 03223047.8 (spiral stream guidance formula cyclone separator) has been announced similar scheme with Chinese patent 97205282.8 (spiral compartment twin-stage separate type efficient fine powder separator), outside wall surface by inner tube wall between inner/outer tube installs spiral baffle additional, forms helical duct.But owing to increasing considerably of wall, the pressure drop of air-flow sharply increases, and, repeatedly change direction owing to flow, will cause more serious turbulent flow pulsation, thereby cause the particle that is thrown toward wall to be entrainmented in the main flow once more.Chinese patent 91228157.X (hydrocyclone) has announced an a kind of form of driving cannelure in cyclone (be generally used for separate solution-airmixture system) bottom awl section.This scheme is conceived to particle changes its spring by the change of wall shape when being thrown toward wall direction.Therefore, this scheme is driven cannelure with axis normal at the bottom particle outlet, and groove is not communicated with.Chinese patent 96226761.9 (strengthening the fine grading hydrocyclone) has been announced a kind of similar scheme, and just the fluting form is the dentation groove.According to the research of cyclone separator as can be known, particle is the main place that particle is separated in the separation of cylindrical section.The particle that raises up from dust collecting opening still will rely on the secondary separation of central segment could the final separative efficiency that guarantees cyclone separator.At the bottom fluting, especially transverse groove does not have direct centrifugation to the particle separation of cyclone separator.Chinese patent 200480022734.4 (cyclone separator) and Chinese patent 86100916 (cyclone separator) have also been announced similar fluting scheme, but slotting position is at center riser outer wall.Chinese patent 86104879 (cyclone separator) and Chinese patent 95205751.4 (eddy flow centrifugal lampblack separator) have been announced and have a kind ofly been slotted at arrival end, and be communicated to the scheme of outlet, but clearly, this scheme is different fully with the scheme content that the present invention is discussed.
There are annular release district, main separation zone, secondary separation district and fluid accelerating region in Disengagement zone in typical case's cyclone separator.By studies show that for many years of inventor, for gas-solid system, under the low granule density, solid particle from import in the shape of a spiral strips move downward, up to dust-exhausting port.There is violent swing in this band, and especially at high traffic condition, significantly the particle band will disappear, and this swing will reduce the separative efficiency of separator.The inventor studies show that, in above-mentioned four Disengagement zone, after solid particle is thrown toward wall, is thrown to main flow area once more owing to bounce, and this carries a large amount of grain flows to riser with regard to causing the radial flow in the annular release district.At the fluid accelerating region, because the precession phenomenon that vortex core exists, the tangential velocity that causes wall is involved in core space with certain ripple frequency swing once more being separated near the particle of wall.
Above-mentioned showing, if adopt certain structure to make the solid particle that is split into wall can in time obtain shielding, so, the separative efficiency of particle will improve greatly, the more important thing is that the cutting particle diameter of particle will significantly reduce.For the reaction-regeneration system of catalytic cracking in the petroleum refining industry, this just means that the load that enters the preceding third level cyclone separator of flue gas turbine expander reduces greatly, even can cancel; For CFBB, this just means that the electric cleaner at rear portion and the load of sack cleaner reduce greatly, even can cancel.The present invention just is being based on this thought, by at grooved wall surface, the particle that is thrown to the wall wall is collected in the conduit, and is moved to ash bucket or dipleg along conduit, realizes the raising of separative efficiency and the reduction of cutting particle diameter.
Although various technology disclose at the diverse location fluting or baffle plate have been set, but, owing to fail to recognize the wall importance that bounce-back causes to particle, eddy flow unstability that wall Lang Ken whirlpool is caused, fine powder secondary separation and the in esse agglomeration of particle at cylindrical section, therefore, various patent and the open source literatures consulted did not propose at the cylindrical shell grooved wall surface and along the method for the big media flow direction of density.Various structure of the prior art can not realize effectively that solid particle in time enters near the low regime of wall, also is difficult to eliminate the solid particle that enters the wall low regime simultaneously and rebounds once more to the problem of main flow area.
Summary of the invention
According to background technology, the objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned defective, provide a kind of simple in structure, cost is low, efficient is high, can increase substantially separative efficiency on existing conventional cyclone separator basis, reduce pressure drop, reduce the cyclone separator of cutting particle diameter.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of cyclone separator of grooved wall surface, mainly by riser (1), system inlet (2), cylindrical shell (3), cone (4) and tail pipe (5) are formed, wherein: riser (1), system inlet (2), cylindrical shell (3), cone (4) and tail pipe (5) constitute the integral body of cyclone separator from top to bottom according to the order of sequence, press the bigger media flow direction of system density by outer wall (61), on the wall of the inwall (6) that heat-insulation layer (62) and lining (63) constitute conduit (7) is set, conduit (7) is from system inlet (2) beginning, and conduit (7) becomes 0～90 ℃ of angle with fluid flow direction, and conduit (7) area is 0～0.9 with the ratio of the wall that fluid is skimmed over.
Described conduit (7) is vertical slot, translot or helicla flute.
The section shape of described conduit (7) is semicircle, arc, triangle or other geometries.
Described conduit (7) along the circumferential direction is continuous or interrupted.
Described conduit (7) is continuous when along the circumferential direction, has formed helicla flute this moment.
Described conduit (7) position is the urceolus wall place at cyclone separator.
Described conduit (7) position can be that system inlet (2) is located with the formed annular space of riser (1), cylindrical shell (3), tail pipe (5) is located or the dipleg place.
Described cyclone separator comprises anti-streaming, single flow and diffusion type.
When described conduit being placed the barrel place of the centrifugation machinery that depends on cylindrical shell self rotation and separate heterogeneous system, described conduit also is very effective.Described cyclone separator also comprises this type of centrifugation machinery with conduit.
It is described here that " conduit " is meant at the cyclone separator wall along circumferentially forming, the geometry that density the greater can move therein in the heterogeneous system with certain width, this conduit both can be made of the body of cylindrical shell, also can be to add plate or constitute by pre-formed structure.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, cyclone separator of the present invention is compared with common cyclone separator, and under same pressure drop, its separative efficiency improves greatly.
2, the particle of cyclone separator of the present invention cutting particle diameter can significantly reduce.
3, cyclone separator of the present invention is when when the dust-exhausting port annex has conduit, and near the dust back-mixing the dust-exhausting port reduces greatly.
4, cyclone separator of the present invention is when having conduit in the annular release district, and the short-circuit flow of the solid particle that upper dust-ring caused will reduce greatly.
5, cyclone separator of the present invention is when producing significant vortex core precession, because particle has been collected in the conduit, the speed that the precession vortex core is induced will reduce greatly to the influence of separative efficiency.
6, cyclone separator of the present invention makes particle will reduce greatly the wearing and tearing of wall.
7, when cyclone separator of the present invention is adopted in the upstream in the multi-stage separation system, do not reducing under the entire system separative efficiency prerequisite, the downstream efficient cyclone in the multi-stage separation system can partly or entirely be cancelled.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional cyclone separator.
Fig. 2 is a structure collectivity schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the wall conduit is made of baffle plate among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that adds the centrifugation machinery of wall conduit among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.The embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings is used to explain the present invention, and described embodiment is exemplary, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of traditional cyclone separator, wherein, the mixture of gas and solid enters in the cyclone separator from system inlet 2 with very high speed, rotation at a high speed in the circular space that cylindrical shell 3 forms, particle is thrown toward wall, form the main separation zone of solid particle, the gas that does not purify fully enters conical section 4 then, gas quickens rotation and moves downward, when gas rotates to dipleg 5 places, gas is turned back and is moved upward, and leaves cyclone separator from riser 1, and solid particle then enters ash bucket from dipleg 5.Like this, gas has just been realized separating with solid particle.
Embodiment 1: be used for the cyclone separator in the FCC regenerated device
Illustrate by Fig. 2, the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface of the present invention, mainly by riser 1, system inlet 2, cylindrical shell 3, cone 4 and tail pipe 5 are formed, wherein: riser 1, system inlet 2, cylindrical shell 3, cone 4 and tail pipe 5 constitute the integral body of cyclone separator from top to bottom according to the order of sequence, the media flow direction bigger by system density is provided with conduit 7 on the wall of inwall 6, conduit 7 enters the mouth from system and 2 begins, and conduit 7 becomes 0～90 ℃ of angle α, groove 7 with fluid flow direction) area is 0～0.9 with the ratio of the wall that fluid is skimmed over.
Along particle flow direction fluting, inwall 6 and conduit 7 are to suppress the conduit that forms along the hand of spiral on wall on the wall of cyclone separator.This formula cyclone separator diameter that backflows is 1 meter, and section shape is semicircle, and the conduit degree of depth is 50 millimeters, and the conduit width is 100 millimeters, and slotting position extends to dipleg from inlet always.
This kind cyclone separator is to be used in the regenerator of reaction-regenerator section of petroleum refining industry's fluid catalytic cracking operating unit, and the conduit of wall forms by drawing method.
Heterogeneous separation process according to present embodiment is described below.
When in the regenerator of the reaction-regenerator section that is used for the Hydrocarbon Content by Catalytic Cracking Operation unit during with the catalyst of separate expensive, mixture enters from system inlet 2, rotation flows downward, catalyst is got rid of to wall by branch and enters in the conduit 7, along conduit screw current downflow, when fluid during near tail pipe 5, catalyst enters tail pipe 5, and flue gas leaves cyclone separator from the riser at center.
Other knows, inwall 6 is by metal outer wall 61, and nonmetallic materials heat-insulation layer 62 and silicate lining 63 constitute, and lining 63 is by the pin 64 that is welded to metal outer wall 61 moulding that is fixed; Conduit 7 is to form by directly presetting when lining 63 is constructed.Table 1 provides the particle separation efficient that this kind cyclone separator obtained and the comparing result of grade efficient and traditional cyclone separator in experiment.It can be seen from the table, cyclone separator of the present invention has improved separative efficiency and has reduced cut diameter.
Table 1
Embodiment 2: the cyclone separator at CFBC rear portion
In the circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler system of coal dust, cyclone separator is wherein most important unit.The efficient operation that depends on cyclone separator just is achieved boiler and does not fire the reduction of loss and the raising of boiler efficiency.When be used for coal follow combustion process the time, entering what revolve the branch separator is flue gas and uncombusted coal dust under the condition of high temperature, the lining 63 that revolves the branch separator will stop the wall of metal outer wall 61 directly to contact high-temperature medium, make its intensity impaired.Mixture enters from system inlet 2, rotation flows downward, coal dust and ash content will be got rid of to wall by branch and enter in the conduit 7 of lining 63 formation, along conduit 7 screw current downflow, when flowing near tail pipe 5, coal dust and ash content enter tail pipe 5, and flue gas after being purified is left cyclone separator from the riser 1 at center.
Along particle flow direction fluting, inwall 6 and conduit 7 are to pass through the prefabricated profiled conduit of lining along the hand of spiral on wall on the wall of cyclone separator.This single flow cyclone separator diameter is 5 meters, and section shape is an arc, and the conduit degree of depth is 100 millimeters, the conduit width is 200 millimeters, slotting position extends to dipleg from the riser lower edge always, is vertical conduit at the dipleg place, and the fluting area is 0.05 with the ratio that fluid skims over area.When being used for circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler, the shape of cyclone separator may not be a cylindrical shape; When adopting interior lining, its interior shape may cylindrical shape, but according to the technical reason that can be understood, when the conduit among the present invention is placed non-circular inwall, it also is very effective separating heterogeneous system, simultaneously, the wearing and tearing of such channel structure are very little, do not reduce the operational stability and the reliability of original structure.
Embodiment 3: cyclone separator
One of visual plant of handling oil field mining liquid is a cyclone separator, especially for the narrow and small offshore oil platform in space, the cyclone separator of high-efficiency compact is the visual plant that improves the offshore oil platform operating efficiency, cyclone separator described herein and cyclone separator structure and operation principle are similarly, generally are referred to as cyclone separator for the structure of separating gas-solid heterogeneous system; And, generally be referred to as cyclone separator or cyclone for the structure of separating liquid-solid or the heterogeneous system of solution-air.
Cut-off continuous conduit along the particle flow direction on the wall of cyclone, inwall 6 and conduit 7 are along hand of spiral conduit by the milling moulding on wall.This cyclone separator diameter is 100 millimeters, and section shape is an arc, and the conduit degree of depth is 10 millimeters, and the conduit width is 10 millimeters, and slotting position begins intermittently to extend to dipleg from reducer always, and the fluting area is 0.01 with the ratio that fluid skims over area.When the cyclone with conduit of the present invention was used for offshore oil platform, its course of work and embodiment one were similarly, and at this moment, owing to compare with gas phase, liquid phase viscosity is a lot of greatly, and the raising of its separative efficiency of cyclone that has conduit is more obvious.
Claims (10)
1. the cyclone separator of a grooved wall surface, mainly by riser (1), system inlet (2), cylindrical shell (3), cone (4) and tail pipe (5) are formed, it is characterized in that: riser (1), system inlet (2), cylindrical shell (3), cone (4) and tail pipe (5) constitute the integral body of cyclone separator from top to bottom according to the order of sequence, press the bigger media flow direction of system density by outer wall (61), on the wall of the inwall (6) that heat-insulation layer (62) and lining (63) constitute conduit (7) are set, conduit (7) is from system inlet (2) beginning, and conduit (7) becomes 0～90 ℃ of angle with fluid flow direction.
2. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conduit (7) is vertical slot, translot or helicla flute.
3. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the section shape of described conduit (7) is semicircle, arc, triangle or other geometries.
4. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conduit (7) is continuous or interrupted.
5. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described conduit (7) position is system inlet (2) and the formed annular space of riser (1).
6. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conduit (7) position is located at cylindrical shell (3), tail pipe (5) is located or the dipleg place.
7. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth and the diameter ratio of described conduit (7) they are 0～0.3, preferably 0.02～0.1.
8. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width of described conduit (7) on the perpendicular flow direction is 0～0.5, preferably 0.01～0.1.
9. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: conduit (7) area is 0～0.9 with the ratio of the wall that fluid is skimmed over, preferably 0.01～0.2.
10. the cyclone separator of grooved wall surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cyclone separating device comprises anti-streaming, single flow and diffusion type and centrifugal separator tool.
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| CN2010101034990A CN101898175A (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-01-29 | Cyclone separator with grooved wall surface |
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| CN2010101034990A CN101898175A (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-01-29 | Cyclone separator with grooved wall surface |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102698889A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 郭丰亮 | Cyclone dust catcher with increased inner wall friction resistance |
| CN103128011A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-06-05 | 煤炭科学研究总院唐山研究院 | Large cone angle dense medium cyclone |
| CN103639071A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-19 | 镇江中福马机械有限公司 | Steam and fiber separation device and method for damp and hot fibers |
| CN105806668A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 杜晨光 | Small-flow atmospheric particulate cutting device |
| CN107764341A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 浙江理工大学 | Suitable for the new vortex precession flowmeter of variable grain concentration gases |
| CN109798238A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-24 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of cyclone type oil-gas separator and separation method |
| CN113382796A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-09-10 | 菲特拉集团有限公司 | Device and method for fluid purification |
-
2010
- 2010-01-29 CN CN2010101034990A patent/CN101898175A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103128011A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-06-05 | 煤炭科学研究总院唐山研究院 | Large cone angle dense medium cyclone |
| CN103128011B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2015-08-12 | 中煤科工集团唐山研究院有限公司 | Large cone angle heavy medium cyclone |
| CN102698889A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 郭丰亮 | Cyclone dust catcher with increased inner wall friction resistance |
| CN103639071A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-19 | 镇江中福马机械有限公司 | Steam and fiber separation device and method for damp and hot fibers |
| CN105806668A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 杜晨光 | Small-flow atmospheric particulate cutting device |
| CN107764341A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 浙江理工大学 | Suitable for the new vortex precession flowmeter of variable grain concentration gases |
| CN107764341B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江理工大学 | Novel precession vortex flowmeter applicable to gases with different particle concentrations |
| CN113382796A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-09-10 | 菲特拉集团有限公司 | Device and method for fluid purification |
| CN113382796B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-09-22 | 菲特拉必特有限公司 | Apparatus and method for fluid purification |
| CN109798238A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-24 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of cyclone type oil-gas separator and separation method |
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Application publication date: 20101201 |