CN102716819B - Variable-section multiple-blade deflector type inner cone separator - Google Patents

Variable-section multiple-blade deflector type inner cone separator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102716819B
CN102716819B CN2012101964927A CN201210196492A CN102716819B CN 102716819 B CN102716819 B CN 102716819B CN 2012101964927 A CN2012101964927 A CN 2012101964927A CN 201210196492 A CN201210196492 A CN 201210196492A CN 102716819 B CN102716819 B CN 102716819B
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deflector
current stabilization
blade
guide vane
cone
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CN102716819A (en
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蒋明虎
李枫
赵立新
张勇
王凤山
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a variable-section multiple-blade deflector type inner cone separator which mainly solves the problem that the existing hydrocyclone is poor in fine oil drop removal effect. The variable-section multiple-blade deflector type inner cone separator is characterized in that a deflector is arranged in a steady-flow guide cavity, a steady-flow guide cone is fixed at the upper end of the deflector, and a conical surface adopts an arc curve connection for smooth transition; the deflector is formed by connecting at least three deflector blades with a central shaft, and each deflector vane is of a variable helical angle structure; the large-diameter end of the steady-flow guide cone is coaxially connected with the central shaft of the deflector; the inner bottom surface of a cyclone separation cavity is sealed, an inner cone frustum with a built-in overflow outlet pipe is fixed at the center of the inner bottom surface, a tangential outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the bottom surface and connected with a bottom flow tangential outlet pipe; and a liquid cyclone direction allowed by the bottom flow tangential outlet pipe is consistent with the liquid cyclone direction formed by the deflector. The separator has the advantages of high fine oil drop separation efficiency, can be used for gas-liquid separation and oil-water separation as well as solid-liquid separation.

Description

Tapered separator in a kind of variable cross-section multiple-blade flow-guiding type
Technical field:
Patent application of the present invention relates to a kind of being applied in the fields such as oil, chemical industry, environmental protection for realizing two cyclone separation devices that are separated.
Background technology:
At present, mainly containing cyclonic separation, air supporting choosing, filtration for the fast separating process of two-phase (take profit two-phase describe for example) separates with film etc.Cyclonic separation has the advantages such as equipment volume is little, but limited in one's ability for the removal of tiny oil droplet; The scope that the air supporting choosing adapts to the oil concentration variation is less; Filtration can realize the separation of profit two-phase preferably, but needs backwash frequently to guarantee the long-term stability operation of equipment for high oil-polluted water; The membrane separation plant cost is higher, to ambient condition, requires comparatively strict again.Wherein be applied to the hydrocyclone in the cyclonic separation method, its separation principle is to utilize the density contrast between medium and carry out centrifugation, and density contrast is larger, and the particle diameter of decentralized photo is larger, and separating effect is relatively just better.This kind of separator produces as the solid-liquid separation equipment the earliest, at present as a kind of separation equipment, also in China, obtained certain application, to this, Northeast Petroleum University has successively applied for multinomial correlation technique patent, as ZL98211681.0, ZL01279933.5, ZL01277425.1, ZL200620021175.1, ZL200920099307.6,201110088801.4,201010556583.8 and 201110089218.5 etc.But, these existing application of installations in water-treatment technology field after, be found gradually also to exist practical problems such as tiny oil droplet poor removal effect.Especially enter middle height after the moisture productive life in oil field development, along with the poly-scale of driving constantly enlarges, polymer-bearing waste-water produced quantity increasing year by year, polymer-bearing waste-water viscosity is large, in the surface technology of oil field, the settling section oil removal efficiency is low, thereby increased the load of fillter section, caused filtrate seriously polluted, the filtering water variation.At present, increasing water drive sewage plant has also been seen polymer, causes the water quality treatment variation, is difficult to meet waterflooding requirement.It will be severeer can predicting the water quality situation along with ASP Oil-Displacing Technology applies while.Therefore, how to improve the separating effect of separator and effectively improve water quality and become the technical problem that the technical staff needs solution badly.
Summary of the invention:
In order to solve the technical problem of mentioning in background technology, the invention provides tapered separator in a kind of variable cross-section multiple-blade flow-guiding type, that this kind of separator has advantages of is high to tiny oil droplet separative efficiency, equipment volume is little, it is outstanding axially to become a mandarin, go out in the same way stream etc., can be used for gas-liquid separation, water-oil separating, also can be used for Separation of Solid and Liquid.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: tapered separator in this kind of variable cross-section multiple-blade flow-guiding type comprises the entrance cavity, current stabilization directed cavity and the cyclonic separation chamber that connect successively.
Wherein, a baffle is arranged in the current stabilization directed cavity, described baffle is fixed on the junction of entrance cavity and current stabilization directed cavity, upper end at baffle, the space that is positioned at entrance cavity is fixed with an inverted current stabilization guide cone, and it is smooth excessive that the conical surface of described current stabilization guide cone adopts circular curve to connect; Described baffle by least 3 guide vanes with form after central shaft is connected, described guide vane is for becoming the lead angle structure; The bigger diameter end of described current stabilization guide cone is done coaxial the connection with the central shaft of described baffle;
The inner bottom surface sealing in described cyclonic separation chamber, be fixed with an interior frustum with built-in overflow outlet in the center of inner bottom surface, have a tangential outlet on the sidewall on top, described bottom surface, and be connected with a tangential outlet of underflow; The liquid eddy flow direction that the tangential outlet of described underflow allows is identical with the liquid eddy flow direction that described baffle forms.
In addition, the optimal way on above scheme basis is: the cone element of described current stabilization guide cone, by two sections circular arc lines and one section rectilinear(-al), is divided into arc section, lower arc section and straightway, and three tangent its whole smooth that make of line are excessive.
In addition, can also make described guide vane is variable section structure, and guide vane is the thin and structure of thick middle in two ends, and the guide vane interior thickness is constant, and its two ends attenuation be retracted to gradually and be the straight line state.The purpose of the thin design in two ends is to make liquid stream reduce eddy current when contacting guide vane and leaving guide vane to exist, and steady flow condition, reduce energy consumption; The purpose of design of thick middle is to strengthen the guide vane strength and stiffness, guarantees guide vane service life.
Simultaneously, can also make the directrix employing ellipse of described guide vane and the form that circular arc line combines, adopt ellipse can make the blade exit prescription to level, thereby make to greatest extent axial flow velocity change tangential flow velocity into, the circular curve protruded in employing is the excessive shock between adjacent blades for fear of established slipstream, can reduce impact effects and make fluid enter smoothly the eddy flow chamber.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: take water-oil separating as example, this kind of separator separates hydrocyclone with traditional two-phase and compares, at first owing to being designed with a current stabilization guide cone in the separator top center, the existence of this current stabilization guide cone can effectively reduce so that eliminate the existence of eddy current, thereby reduce the cyclone pressure loss, improve the fluidised form into oral fluid stream simultaneously, guarantee two treatment effects that are separated.Secondly, the guide vane be connected with the current stabilization guide cone adopts the multiple-blade design, can form the multiple entry runner, can the enhanced flow field stability, be beneficial to cyclonic separation; In addition, this guide vane has adopted variable cross-section, has become the directrix form that lift angle spiral and ellipse and circular arc line combine, and makes liquid stream flow into vertically, drops to and approaches 0 degree leaving guide vane place lift angle, thereby form tangential rotated flowing liquid; In addition, this kind of separator is by having built an inner frustum, bore section and formed a variable cross-section annular space in the cyclonic separation chamber, adopt the design form of inner cone, in the situation that outside wall surface size constancy, by inner cone design forming variable cross-section annular space inner chamber, realize thus the balance rotating velocity attenuation, keep rotating energy; The design of inner conical surface also can promote the separation of oil droplet and coalescent, forms larger oil droplet and assembles upwards, under the drive of rotation blending agent, by the centre bore of interior frustum, is entered in interior frustum, by the overflow outlet, is discharged downwards.Meanwhile, water is got rid of to the eddy flow wall, moves downward, and by underflow, tangentially exports discharge, thereby realizes the cyclonic separation of profit two-phase.The design of the tangential outlet in underflow square-section can extend effective segregation section, improves separative efficiency, reduces the length of cyclone separator.This kind of separator goes out the design of stream in exit in the same way owing to having adopted, when can avoid to a certain extent the inner upper and lower eddy flow of cyclone, exist, only have on main body in cyclone inside like this to the swirling motion of a direction of lower part outlet and exist, make turbulent flow reduce, flow field is stable, and separative efficiency improves.Put it briefly, this kind of separator is the up-to-date scientific and technological achievement completed by National 863 plan problem (2012AA061303) subsidy, have advantages of that separative efficiency is high, equipment volume is little, axially become a mandarin, go out in the same way stream etc. outstanding, can be used for gas-liquid separation, water-oil separating, also can be used for Separation of Solid and Liquid.The appearance of this technical scheme will be played positive facilitation to raising and further the applying of hydrocyclone of isolation technics.
The accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is surface structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of showing internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of showing baffle of the present invention and current stabilization guide cone structure.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation one of guide vane in the preferred embodiment for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation two of guide vane in the preferred embodiment for the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation three of guide vane in the preferred embodiment for the present invention.
1-inlet tube in figure, 2-current stabilization guide cone, 3-baffle, 4-cyclonic separation chamber, frustum in 5-, 6-overflow outlet, the tangential outlet of 7-underflow, 8-entrance cavity, 9-current stabilization directed cavity, 11-guide vane upper end, 12-guide vane lower end, 13-guide vane, 14-central shaft.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
By Fig. 1, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, tapered separator in this kind of variable cross-section multiple-blade flow-guiding type, comprise the entrance cavity 8, current stabilization directed cavity 9 and the cyclonic separation chamber 4 that connect successively, and above-mentioned cavity is axially symmetric structure.
Wherein, a baffle 3 is arranged in current stabilization directed cavity 9, described baffle 3 by least 3 guide vanes 13 with form after central shaft 14 is connected.As shown in Figure 3, what in this figure, provide is 4 blades to the structure of baffle, when practical application, and can be more.Described guide vane 13 is for becoming the lead angle structure; The upper end of described baffle 3 is fixed on the junction of entrance cavity 8 and current stabilization directed cavity 9, upper end at baffle 3, the space that is positioned at entrance cavity 8 is fixed with an inverted current stabilization guide cone 2, and it is smooth excessive that the conical surface of described current stabilization guide cone 2 adopts circular curve to connect; The bigger diameter end of described current stabilization guide cone 2 is done coaxial the connection with the central shaft of described baffle 3.For the current stabilization guide cone, consider actual processing, the most advanced and sophisticated place of the vertex of a cone can do and lead the circle processing.
In addition, the sealing of the inner bottom surface in described cyclonic separation chamber 4, the center of passing described inner bottom surface is fixed with an overflow outlet 6, has a tangential outlet on the sidewall on top, described bottom surface, and is connected with a tangential outlet 7 of underflow;
The liquid eddy flow direction that the tangential outlet 7 of described underflow allows is identical with the liquid eddy flow direction that described baffle 3 forms.
Lead angle in previously described change lead angle structure is at the angle of inclination of plane coordinate system Leaf directrix, and the guide vane direction in the face of entrance axial liquid stream place is axially, makes liquid stream flow into vertically; After liquid flows to, the guide vane lead angle reduces gradually, until drop to and approach 0 degree leaving guide vane place lift angle, to form the tangential rotated flowing liquid of multi beam.Like this, just can form the multiple entry runner, improve the symmetry of rotated flowing liquid in separator, the enhanced flow field stability, be beneficial to cyclonic separation.
Obtain following preferred embodiment on above scheme basis.
Preferred embodiment 1, the cone element of described current stabilization guide cone 2, by two sections circular arc lines and one section rectilinear(-al), is divided into arc section, lower arc section and straightway, and three tangent its whole smooth that make of line are excessive.
Preferred embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 6, described guide vane is variable section structure, and guide vane is the thin and structure of thick middle in two ends, and the guide vane interior thickness is constant, and its two ends attenuation be retracted to gradually and be the straight line state.The outer contour that dotted line is vane thickness, the directrix that the solid line in the middle of dotted line is blade, the blade interior thickness does not become B, and blade inlet place outline line is retracted to together, and contraction section length is S 1, blade exit place outline line is retracted to together, and contraction section length is S 2, two sections contraction sections and interlude outer contour tangent smooth excessively.The purpose of the thin design in two ends is to make liquid stream reduce eddy current when contacting guide vane and leaving guide vane to exist, and steady flow condition, reduce energy consumption; The purpose of design of thick middle is to strengthen the guide vane strength and stiffness, guarantees guide vane service life.
In the specific implementation, guide vane is according to following mode construction:
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the major parameter of blade directrix design comprises blade directrix cornerite φ, blade straightway wrap angle sigma, as the straightway wrap angle sigma in Fig. 5, blade directrix angle of outlet β, the blade directrix angle of outlet is the high h of inclination angle, blade of blade directrix straightway and the radius r of the inside and outside directrix of blade 1, r 2, the directrix radius is the cylindrical radius on the face of cylinder, directrix place.Above parameter just can calculate the inside and outside directrix equation of guide vane after determining.
If φ is subtended angle of blade, α is the straightway cornerite, β 2, β 1be respectively the inside and outside directrix angle of outlet of blade, the directrix radius is the face of cylinder, directrix place, and the cylindrical radius on the face of cylinder at directrix place, wrap arc length and be the corresponding arc length of cornerite, as corresponding subtended angle of blade φ in Fig. 5, r as shown in Figure 5 1, r 2be respectively the interior directrix radius of blade and the outer directrix radius of blade.Outer directrix leaf packet arc length l 1=φ r 1π/180, the outer directrix basic segment bag arc length m of blade 1=(φ-α) r 1π/180, the outer directrix straightway bag arc length n of blade 1=α r 1π/180.The general expression at plane coordinate system China and foreign countries directrix basic segment elliptic equation is:
(x a) 2/a 2+y 2/b 2=1(0<x<m)
For the outer directrix of blade, directrix exit angle β outside blade 1after fixing with the high h of blade, just can obtain the coordinate of the intersection point A of basic segment and straightway:
((φ-α)r 1π/180,h-αr 1πtanβ 1/180)
Just can be calculated by the A point coordinates equation of straightway:
y 1=k 1x+c(m 1<x<l 1)
The slope k of formula cathetus 1=tan β 1, c=h-l 1tan β 1;
Thereby calculate the basic segment equation:
y 1=b((2a-x)x) 1/2/a,(0<x<m 1)
A=(m in formula 1 2tan β 1-(h-n 1tan β 1) m 1)/(2l 1tan β 1-n 1tan β 1-h)
b=a(h-n 1tanβ 1)/((2a-m 1)m 1) 1/2
Because the corresponding cornerite of inside and outside directrix equates: l 1/ l 2=r 1/ r 2, inner outlet angle β 2with the bicker β that goes out 1pass be: tan β 2=(r 1/ r 2) tan β 1, by above interior directrix equation and the relation between outer directrix equation, just can ask for interior directrix equation by the outer directrix equation in plane coordinate system.
The partial parameters implication related in directrix computational process is as follows:
The inside and outside directrix cornerite of φ-blade; The inside and outside directrix cathetus section cornerite of α-blade; β 1the outer directrix angle of outlet of-blade; β 2the directrix angle of outlet in-blade; H-blade directrix height; r 2, r 1-be respectively the radius of the inside and outside directrix of blade; l 2, l 1-be respectively the inside and outside directrix bag arc length of blade; m 2, m 1-be respectively the inside and outside directrix basic segment bag arc length of blade; n 2, n 1-be respectively the inside and outside directrix straightway bag arc length of blade.
On this basis, if the diameter of inlet tube is defined as to D 1, the height of current stabilization guide cone is defined as H, and the height in cyclonic separation chamber is defined as H 1, the height of interior frustum is defined as H 2, the tangential outlet diameter of underflow is D o, the structure implementation result built according to following size relationship is best:
The scope that is exit angle β is: 0 degree<β<50 degree; The scope of the inside and outside directrix cornerite φ of blade is: 80 degree<β<360 degree; The scope of the inside and outside directrix cathetus section wrap angle sigma of blade is: 10 degree<β<120 degree; Blade directrix height h=(0.5~4) D 1; Vane thickness B=(0.08~0.12) D 1; S 1=(0.1~0.4) D 1; S 2=(0.1~0.4) D 1; Directrix radius r in blade 2=(0.2~0.8) D 1; H=(0.8~2) D 1; D o=(0.15~0.3) D 1; H 1=(6~10) D 1; H 2=(2~5) D 1; Underflow outlet square-section length=(0.2~0.4) D 1; Underflow outlet square-section is wide=(0.1~0.2) D 1
The specific works process of this kind of separator is as follows:
This kind of separator is utilize the density contrast of two kinds of immiscible liquid media and carry out centrifugation.Oil-water mixture is motion from the top down after being entered by the inlet tube 1 of entrance cavity 8, move to current stabilization guide cone 2 places, because the current stabilization guide cone is connected with the central shaft of baffle, it is smooth excessive that its conical surface adopts circular curve to connect, therefore can effectively reduce so that eliminate the existence of eddy current, reduce the cyclone pressure loss, improve the fluidised form into oral fluid stream simultaneously, guarantee two treatment effects that are separated, the current stabilization guide cone also can realize that the liquid stream to entering vertically cyclone plays the effect of guiding in addition, make in its gap that naturally enters any two blades, also can reduce to a certain extent energy loss.Oil-water mixture forms rotated flowing liquid and enters into cyclonic separation chamber 4 after the multiple entry runner formed by guide vane, after the eddy flow generated enters this chamber, balance rotating velocity attenuation under the effect of interior frustum, keep rotating energy, and the separation of promotion oil droplet and coalescent, form larger oil droplet and assemble upwards, under the drive of rotating blending agent, entered in interior frustum by interior frustum centre bore, discharged by the overflow outlet downwards.Meanwhile, water is got rid of to the eddy flow wall, moves downward, and by underflow, tangentially exports discharge, thereby realizes the cyclonic separation of profit two-phase.The design of the tangential outlet in underflow square-section can extend effective segregation section, improves separative efficiency, reduces the length of cyclone separator.This design goes out the design of stream in the same way owing to having adopted, exist when can avoid to a certain extent the inner upper and lower eddy flow of cyclone, only have on main body in cyclone inside like this to the swirling motion of a direction of lower part outlet and exist, make turbulent flow reduce, flow field is stable, and separative efficiency improves.

Claims (1)

1. tapered separator in a variable cross-section multiple-blade flow-guiding type, comprise the entrance cavity (8) that connects successively, current stabilization directed cavity (9) and cyclonic separation chamber (4);
Wherein, a baffle (3) is arranged in current stabilization directed cavity (9), described baffle (3) is fixed on the junction of entrance cavity (8) and current stabilization directed cavity (9), upper end in baffle (3), the space that is positioned at entrance cavity (8) is fixed with an inverted current stabilization guide cone (2), and the conical surface of described current stabilization guide cone (2) adopts circular curve to connect smooth transition; After described baffle (3) is connected with central shaft (14) by least 3 guide vanes (13), form, described guide vane (13) is for becoming the lead angle structure; The bigger diameter end of described current stabilization guide cone (2) is done coaxial the connection with the central shaft of described baffle (3);
The inner bottom surface sealing in described cyclonic separation chamber (4), be fixed with an interior frustum with built-in overflow outlet (6) (5) in the center of inner bottom surface, have a tangential outlet on the sidewall on top, described bottom surface, and be connected with a tangential outlet of underflow (7);
The liquid eddy flow direction that the tangential outlet of described underflow (7) allows is identical with the liquid eddy flow direction that described baffle (3) forms;
The cone element of described current stabilization guide cone (2), by two sections circular arc lines and one section rectilinear(-al), is divided into arc section, lower arc section and straightway, and three tangent its whole smooth that make of line are excessive;
Described guide vane (13) is variable section structure, and guide vane is the thin and structure of thick middle in two ends, and the guide vane interior thickness is constant, and its two ends attenuation be retracted to gradually and be the straight line state;
The form that the directrix of described guide vane (13) adopts ellipse and circular arc line to combine.
CN2012101964927A 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Variable-section multiple-blade deflector type inner cone separator Expired - Fee Related CN102716819B (en)

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CN106693447A (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-24 中国科学院力学研究所 Equidirectional cyclone separator of two kinds of media with different densities
CN108561116B (en) * 2018-03-28 2020-05-01 东北石油大学 Trestle type downhole flow self-adaptive liquid-liquid separation device
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CN110285436B (en) * 2019-06-26 2024-02-20 厦门理工学院 Variable cross-section guiding device

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