RU2227763C2 - Method for straightening disc saws - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rolled stock production, namely machines and processes for straightening disc saws of sheet materials. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of feeding disc to working zone by means of carriage; driving rollers to rotation; reducing by means of driven and non-driven rollers straightened disc when the last is guided between rollers and when it is removed out space between rollers; introducing disc between rollers until opening for placing disc at speed consisting 35 - 40% of maximum speed of carriage; displacing disc out of space between rollers before rollers achieve disc periphery at speeds varied depending upon type of disc surface non-planeness; dividing path of disc straightening by three similar portions; setting speed values at boundaries of said divided portions of disc path depending upon maximum speed of carriage, namely: when disc surface non-planeness is so called "tray" type non-planeness, removing disc out of rollers at one speed value and at "screw" or "propeller" type non-planeness of disc removing disc out of rollers at other speed values; providing linear change of said speed values depending upon covered distance; using straightening rollers each of them is in the form of three separate cylindrical holders freely rotating one relative to another, mounted in common axis and spaced one from another by interval 10 - 15 mm; placing driven and non-driven rollers one relative to another with pitch consisting 0.9 - 1.2 roller diameter; in order to lower compression stress, applying grease onto disc surface; straightening disc by several cycles for providing curvature no more than 1 mm for 1 running meter. EFFECT: enhanced quality of straightened discs. 3 dwg, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to rolling production, and in particular to machines and methods for dressing circular saws from sheet material.

A device for editing, containing movable and stationary traverses with an odd number of straightening rollers mounted on their axes, staggered and kinematically connected to each other, in addition, the device is equipped with at least two tension blocks, one of which is placed in front of the regular rollers, and the other - behind them, counting in the course of the technological process, spring-loaded in the direction from the rollers, the middle roller on one of the traverses being fixed rigidly, and the remaining rollers are mounted with possible Stu reciprocating movement during the adjustment process, the kinematic connection between the rollers is in the form of infinitely flexible element covering the roller axles and the blocks [1].

The disadvantage of this device is that the rolls are installed in one line with the same amount of deflection, and this leads to slippage of the rolls and the appearance of scoring on the metal, as well as to warpage of the disk.

Known methods for editing sheet metal on multi-roller machines. Editing on multi-roller machines is carried out by moving the fixed product between the rotating rollers located in a checkerboard pattern.

The distance between the rows of rollers is adjustable and usually set less than the thickness of the sheet to provide multiple alternating alternating bends. At the same time, various combinations of the size of successive deflections of the sheet by each roller are used, or else different technological dressing schemes depending on the size, mechanical properties of the material, requirements for dressing accuracy, etc. [2].

However, all of these multi-roller machines are most effective for sheet metal, while straightening circular saws, the effect is relatively low, the metal undergoes warpage after such processing, and is also characterized by increased residual stresses.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a machine for straightening circular saws, used in the workshop of wide-shelf beams of the Nizhny Tagil Metallurgical Combine [3].

The machine for straightening saw blades consists of the following mechanisms:

- a mechanism for radially feeding the disk to the processing zone, a mechanism for rotating rollers, including two drive rollers and a block of idle rollers containing three non-drive rollers, as well as a clamp mechanism for a block of idle rollers, containing a pressure screw rotated from two independent worm gears.

The drive rollers are mounted on the bed of the machine and are driven by an electric motor, idle rollers are connected with a push mechanism, which creates a common deflection. A disc clamped in this way is also rotated. The feed mechanism moves the disk so that the rolls come as close as possible to the bore hole, and then moves the disk out of the rolls.

However, when the machine is running, the quality of editing the disk is unsatisfactory, namely, a plate-type defect is obtained. The main reasons for this defect are the following: - points on the surface of the disk move in a circle so that during the working movement of the machine, the rollers slip over almost all the lines of contact with the disk. As a result of slipping on the surface of the disk on the metal, scoring and, consequently, additional tangential stresses are formed, leading to warpage of the disk;

- during normal editing, the idle rollers and N3 and N 5 are adjusted so that the deflections create plastic deformation, and the N 2 roller is on the border between elastic and plastic deformation. However, when breeding the rollers - roller No. 1 goes into the zone of elastic deformations and is no longer involved in editing, but. rollers No. 3 and No. 5 are still in the plastic deformation zone. Thus, it is not editing, but bending.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of editing circular saws.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the straightened disk is introduced into the rollers to the disk mounting hole at a speed equal to 35-40% of the maximum carriage speed, and the disk is removed from the rollers until the periphery of the disk is reached with varying speeds depending on the type of non-flatness, the path of editing the disk is divided into three equal sections, at the borders of which the values of the speeds are set depending on the maximum speed of the carriage, in particular, when the plate-like surface is non-planar, the disk is removed from the rollers on speeds:

the rate of 1 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section,

speed 2 13-15% - the beginning of the 2nd section,

speed 3 38-42% - the beginning of the 3rd section,

speed 4 68-73% - the end of the 3rd section,

with non-flatness of the surface of the type "screw" or "propeller" output rollers produce at speeds:

the rate of 1 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section,

speed 2 11-13% - the beginning of the 2nd section,

speed 3 28-32% - the beginning of the 3rd section,

speed 4 48-53% - the end of the 3rd section,

moreover, the speeds vary one from another linearly depending on the distance traveled, each regular roller is made in the form of three independent cylindrical cages, freely rotating relative to each other and located on one common axis with a gap of 10-15 mm between adjacent cages, in addition, driven and non-driven the rollers are spaced from each other in increments equal to 0.9-1.2 of the diameter of the roller. To reduce shear stresses, the surface of the disk is greased with a thick lubricant, for example, solid oil or lithol, and the disk is straightened several cycles before the curvature is not more than 1 mm per linear meter.

A machine for straightening circular saws consists of the following main components and mechanisms: a bed, a block of idle rollers, working rollers with a drive, a push mechanism equipped with a pulse sensor, a disk feed mechanism equipped with a pulse sensor to track working movements.

 The bed is a rolling metal structure welded from sheet metal, in which working rollers with a drive, a pressure mechanism, an idle roller block are installed.

 The block of idle rollers consists of a housing that moves perpendicular to the plane of the saw blade along two cylindrical guides attached to the bed: three non-drive rollers are inserted into the housing, the position of each relatively straightened disk can be independently adjusted when the pressure screws rotate through worm-cylindrical gears.

 Worker rollers with a drive, including two drive rollers installed in a housing that is attached to the bed, two spindles, a gearbox and an electric motor.

 The push mechanism serves to clamp the block of idle rollers, containing a pressure screw rotated from the worm-cylinder transmission S 160 × 16 using electric motors. The roller block is clamped by means of a pressure screw through a thrust bearing.

The radial feed mechanism of the disk into the processing zone includes a carriage assembly moving along cylindrical guides by means of a lead screw connected to the DC motor through a worm gear.

The proposed method of editing drives is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 is a diagram of the editing of circular saws by rollers;

figure 2 - construction of the roller straightening machine.

The editing process is carried out in the following sequence

First, the machine mechanisms are started and the manual operation mode is set. After checking the operation of all the mechanisms of the machine, a disk intended for editing is installed on the faceplate and fixed with a retaining ring, after which the automatic operation of the machine is turned on. Next, carry out a working setup of the machine by shifting the idle rollers from the zero position in the horizontal direction by the values necessary for editing the deflections, for which they set the disks of the idler rollers to control the readings corresponding to the necessary deflections. Then enter the technological parameters of the straightened disk. These include: disk diameter, disk thickness, magnitude of the total working deflection, the speed of insertion of the disk into the rollers, and the distribution of speeds when removing the disk, depending on the non-flatness of the disk. After starting the machine for the working cycle, the disk moves to the rollers at maximum speed, when the disk reaches the position when the teeth are near the rollers, the drive moves the disk.

If necessary, the disk is directed so that it freely passes between the right rollers. Then the automatic mode of the machine is switched back on, when the disc is inserted to the length of the roll, the movement mechanism stops and the push mechanism is automatically turned on and a working deflection is created.

The disk is inserted into the rollers to the seat of the disk at a speed equal to 35-40% of the maximum carriage speed, and the disk is pulled out of the rollers until the periphery of the disk is reached with varying speeds depending on the type of non-flatness of the surface. In this case, the editing path equal to the radius of the disk is divided into three equal sections, at the borders of which the values of the speed of the carriage are set. In particular, when a plate-like surface is non-flat, the disk is removed from the rollers at speeds:

the rate of 1 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section,

speed 2 13-15% - the beginning of the 2nd section,

speed 3 38-42% - the beginning of the 3rd section,

speed 4 68-73% - the end of the 3rd section,

with non-flatness of the surface of the type "screw" or "propeller" the output of the disk from the rollers produced at speeds:

the rate of 1 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section,

speed 2 11-13% - the beginning of the 2nd section,

speed 3 28-32% - the beginning of the 3rd section,

rate 4 48-53% - the end of the 3rd section.

The removal of the disk is the most critical step in the technological chain, since the quality of dressing entirely depends on the type of initial defect and the distribution of speeds in the process of removing the disk from the rolls. This is explained by the following: in case of alternating deformation in the metal structure, the crystal lattice is densified and, therefore, the linear dimensions decrease, so the operator, having estimated the initial defect of the disk, determines in which place of the disk it is necessary to make the greatest shrinkage (closer to the center or on the periphery of the disk) , based on the fact that the higher the removal rate, the fewer deformation cycles in the selected area will be produced, the less shrinkage. For example, with an initial plate-type defect, the greatest shrinkage should be made in the region of the center of the disk, and the smallest on the periphery, therefore, when removing the disk, the speed should be low at first and high at the end. In the case of a screw-type defect, the greatest shrinkage should be made on the periphery of the disk, and the speed should change more smoothly as it is removed. To control the mechanisms of the machine, it is equipped with a software logical controller, thanks to which automatic editing of disks is carried out.

Each correct roll is made in the form of 3 stacked cylindrical cages 4 (figure 2), freely rotating relative to each other. Therefore, the extreme points of the roller do not slip on the surface of the disk and there are no scoring and excessive crushing of the metal. Stacked cylindrical clips are located at a distance of 10-15 mm from one another, because Since the cylindrical cages are at different distances from the mounting hole of the straightened disk, the radii of movement and rotational speeds are different, which in the final stage leads to uniform compression of the straightened disk. The distance between adjacent rollers (drive and idle) is 0.9-1.2 roller diameters.

To reduce the crushing stresses of the metal surface, the disk is lubricated with a thick grease, for example, solid oil or lithol.

In contrast to the editing of disks by the prototype, a new algorithm of the editing process itself has been worked out, concerning new modes of introducing and removing the corrected disk from the clips. The proposed straightening machine operates in automatic mode and eliminates all types of non-flatness by alternating bending of the disk blade rotated by the right rollers when the disk is radially fed relative to the rollers from the disk periphery to its center and back.

If the curvature of the disc exceeds 1 mm / lm, then the editing cycle is repeated.

Concrete implementation example

The hot cutting disc with an outer diameter of 2000 mm was subject to editing,

- thickness, disc - 8 mm

- diameter of a landing hole - 400 mm

- number of correct rollers

(2 drive and 3 single) - 5

- diameter of the rollers - 300 mm

length of a roller (3 typesetting

cylindrical clips

on one shaft) - 320 mm

length of one cylindrical

clips - 100 mm

- gap between clips - 10 mm

- distance between adjacent rollers (pitch) - 300 mm

- maximum carriage speed - 25mm / sec

- deflections on the rollers (absolute values):

first roller - minus 3.5 mm

third roller - + 3.0 mm

fifth roller - + 8.5 mm

- editing accuracy - 1.0 mm / l.m

- number of processing cycles - 2

Editing a disk was carried out automatically according to a given program. For this, we used the S7-200 software logic microcontroller and the OP-7 operator panel from Siemens.

A disk that has been edited by the proposed technology acquires additional rigidity, which ensures the quality of the cut and increases its operational stability.

The speed modes and geometric parameters of the rollers for editing discs were obtained experimentally. It was with these ratios that the best performance was achieved. Disks processed in this way had a good surface quality, without dents, scuffs, or corrugations that appeared during the editing process earlier.

Thus, the claimed invention fully performs the task. A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution and prototype shows that the proposed technology for editing circular saws can improve the quality of fixed defects on the surface of the disks and increase their service life, which confirms compliance with the criterion of "novelty."

The analysis of patents and scientific and technical literature did not reveal the use of new significant features used in the present invention, which distinguish it from known solutions, which allows us to conclude that it matches the attribute "inventive step".

The specific use of the invention in the conditions of the Nizhny Tagil Metallurgical Combine confirms the industrial applicability of the invention.

REFERENCES

1. A. p. 925470. In 21 D 1/02, publ. in the bull. No. 17 of 1982

 2.Slonim A.Z., Sonin A.L. Editing long and sheet metal. - M.: Metallurgy, 1981 (pp. 39-51).

 3. Utility model N 7912 "Machine for dressing circular saws", 21 D 1/00, published. in the bull. N 10, 10.16.1998

Claims (3)

1. The method of editing circular saws, including feeding the disk into the machining zone with the help of a carriage, turning on the rollers, compressing the corrected disk with drive and idle rollers when inserting it and removing it from the rollers, characterized in that the straightened disk is inserted into the rollers to the seat of the disk with a speed equal to 35-40% of the maximum carriage speed, and the disk is removed from the rollers until the periphery of the disk is reached with varying speeds depending on the type of non-flatness of the surface, while the path of editing the disk is divided into three p overt portion at the boundaries which define velocity value depending on the maximum speed of the carriage, in particular, when the disk surface flatness of type "plate" of the output drive rollers produce at speeds: speed 1: 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section, speed 2: 13-15% - the beginning of the 2nd section, speed 3: 38-42% - beginning of the 3rd section, speed 4: 68-73% - the end of the 3rd section, with non-flatness of the surface of the type “screw” or “propeller” the output of the disk from the rollers is carried out at speeds: speed 1: 4-6% - the beginning of the 1st section, speed 2: 11 -13% - beginning of the 2nd section, speed 3: 28-32% - the beginning of the 3rd section, speed 4: 48-53% - the end of the 3rd section, moreover, the speeds vary one from another linearly depending on the distance traveled, each regular roller is made in the form of three independent cylindrical cages, freely rotating relative to each other and located on one common axis with a gap of 10-15 mm between adjacent cages, in addition, drive and non-driven rollers are spaced from each other in increments equal to 0.9-1.2 of the diameter of the roller. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to reduce the compression stress, the surface of the disk is lubricated with a thick lubricant, for example, solid oil or lithol. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the dressing of the disk is carried out for several cycles until the curvature is not more than 1 mm per linear meter.

Images