RU2219447C1 - Revolving drier for seeds and grains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: driers for loose materials; farming; food-processing industry. SUBSTANCE: proposed revolving drier includes at least one central and two side units mounted for rigid fixation of their position, base, ring-shaped revolving drying chamber, unloading unit with autonomous drive, feeder for delivery of material to b dried, furnace unit and heat exchanger. Novelty of invention consists in availability of cooling chamber with ventilation unit and settling chamber in at least one said unit; settling chamber is connected with cooling chamber by means of air duct; besides that, unloading unit of drier is connected to cooling chamber and exhaust branch pipe of settling chamber is connected to fan of furnace unit and to heat exchanger through throttles. Cooling and settling chambers are provided with worm conveyers and gas distributing grate is mounted at angle of 4 deg. to level at open area of 0.15. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for drying bulk materials, including for seeds and grain, and can be used in agriculture, food industry and the bakery system.

Known rotary grain dryer containing a base with a rigidly fixed axis, an annular rotating drying chamber, the drive of the bottom of the drying chamber, a discharge device with self-contained drive, a feeder for feeding the dried material, one middle and two end blocks [1].

This design has the disadvantage that it is not universal enough and the mechanisms aggregated with it, necessary for the implementation of the technological process, occupy a large area.

Known rotary grain dryer containing at least one middle and two extreme blocks with the possibility of rigid fixation of their position, base, ring-shaped rotating drying chamber, drive of the bottom of the drying chamber, unloading device with autonomous drive, feeder for feeding the dried material, as well as a furnace device and heat exchanger [2].

The considered design in terms of features is closest to the claimed device and adopted as a prototype. However, it does not provide cooling of the grain, i.e. It is not versatile and economical.

The objective of the invention is to increase the versatility and efficiency of the carousel dryer.

 The problem is achieved in that in a rotary dryer for seeds and grain containing at least one middle and two extreme blocks with the possibility of rigid fixation of their position, base, ring-shaped rotating drying chamber, drive of the drying chamber bottom, unloading device with self-contained drive, a feeder for supplying a dried material, a furnace device and a heat exchanger according to the invention, one of the units is equipped with a cooling chamber with a fan unit and a sedimentary chamber, connected constant air duct to a cooling chamber. In addition, the unloading device of the rotary dryer is connected to the cooling chamber, and the exhaust pipe of the sedimentary chamber through the chokes to the fan of the furnace device and the heat exchanger of the dryer, while the sedimentary and cooling chambers are equipped with screw conveyors; the gas distribution grill of the cooling chamber is installed at an angle of 4 ° to the horizon with a live section of 0.15.

Comparison of the claimed device with the prototype shows that it is new to place at least one of the blocks of the rotary dryer of the cooling chamber with a fan unit and a sediment chamber connected to the cooling chamber, to connect the discharge device of the rotary dryer to the loading device of the cooling chamber, and the exhaust pipe of the sediment chamber through adjustable chokes to the combustion chamber fan and dryer heat exchanger. Also, the sedimentary and cooling chambers are equipped with screw conveyors, the gas distribution grill of the cooling chamber is installed at an angle of 4 ° to the horizon with a living cross section of 0.15. Thus, the claimed device meets the criterion of "novelty."

The invention meets the criterion of "inventive step", since a result can be achieved that satisfies the existing need, namely, increasing the versatility of the dryer and reducing energy consumption for drying.

The invention is also "industrially applicable", as it can be used in agriculture and other sectors of the economy.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. In Fig.1 shows a diagram of a rotary dryer on the side, in Fig.2 - from above, in Fig.3 - a diagram of the connection of the cooling chamber to the sedimentary furnace and the heat exchanger.

The rotary dryer contains an average 1 and two end blocks 2 and 3, a heat exchanger 4, a combustion device 5, a feeder 6, a discharge device with an independent drive 7, a cooling chamber 8 with a fan unit 9, a sediment chamber 10, an air duct 11, an exhaust pipe 12, chokes exhaust pipe 14 and 15, an annular drying chamber 16, a discharge screw 17, a base 18, conveyors 19, 20 and 24, chokes of the heat exchanger and furnace block 21 and 22, grain pipe 23.

The operation of the rotary dryer is as follows. Wet grain by means of a conveyor 24 is loaded into the feeder 6, then it enters a rotating ring-shaped drying chamber 16, the dried bottom layer of grain is fed by screws 17 to the unloading device 7 and through the grain pipe 23 to the cooling chamber 8, in which the grain is fluidized when external air is supplied by a fan unit 9, to ensure that the chamber is filled at startup and throughput, the angle of inclination of the gas distribution grid is 4 °, and the live section is 0.15. The cooled grain is conveyed by conveyor 19 to the sedimentation chamber 10, where it is cleaned of impurities, broken grain and sent through the exhaust pipe 12 and chokes 14 and 15 to the heat exchanger and furnace block. Through throttles 14 and 15 there is a partial discharge of exhaust air into the atmosphere. The supply of heated air to the combustion device and the heat exchanger, in turn, regulate the chokes 21 and 22, taking the required amount of outside air. The sedimentation chamber from broken grain and impurities is unloaded by means of a conveyor 20.

The overall dimensions and mass of the cooler, including the sedimentary chamber, allow their placement on the carousel dryer body. The fan installation has a relatively small installed capacity and it is placed on the base frame of the rotary dryer.

The versatility of the dryer also lies in the possibility of drying and cooling the clogged grain, since during the cooling process the grain is cleaned of the vast majority of impurities. In addition, the compact placement of the cooling and sedimentation chambers on the dryer body reduces the materiality of the structure.

The sedimentation chamber is connected to the cooling chamber by an air duct in order to clean the exhaust gas component (outdoor air), since the supply of a dusty gas component to the furnace device and the air heater is unacceptable, malfunctions are possible, and a fire hazard is increased, not to mention environmental pollution.

Energy saving is achieved by recirculating most of the air exhausted in the cooling chamber. To cool dried grain having a temperature at the outlet of the dryer of 55 ° C, at a flow of 10 t / h, about 18 ... 20 thousand m ³ / h of air with a temperature of 15 ... 18 ° C is required, while the average temperature of the exhaust air will be 33 ... 35 ° C, and energy saving depending on the recirculation coefficient can reach 20 ... 40%.

Grain cooling is carried out in a fluidized bed on a gas distribution grid with an angle of inclination of 4 ° and a live cross section of 0.15 at a gas component velocity of up to 3.5 m / s, which causes not only intensive cooling and high-quality cleaning, but also relatively small pressure losses (full pressure losses, including cleaning, do not exceed 2.1 ... 2.3 kPa). This allows the use of a high-performance medium-pressure fan unit.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2127856, IPC F 26 B 15/04.

2. RF patent No. 2169324, IPC F 26 B 15/04.

Claims (4)

1. A rotary dryer for seeds and grains, containing at least one middle and two extreme blocks installed with the possibility of rigid fixation of their position, a base, an annular rotating drying chamber, a discharge device with an autonomous drive, a feeder for feeding the dried material, a furnace device and a heat exchanger, characterized in that at least one of the units is equipped with a cooling chamber with a fan unit and a sediment chamber connected by an air duct to the cooling chamber re. 2. Rotary dryer for seeds and grain according to claim 1, characterized in that its discharge device is connected to the cooling chamber, and the exhaust pipe of the sedimentary chamber through the chokes to the fan of the furnace device and the heat exchanger. 3. Rotary dryer for seeds and grain according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling and sedimentation chambers are equipped with screw conveyors. 4. Carousel dryer for seeds and grain according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas distribution grill of the cooler is installed at an angle of 4 ° to the horizon with a live section of 0.15.

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