RU2212931C1 - Method for preparing vegetable-base sorbent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sorbents. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technology for preparing sorbents, namely, to sorbents that can be used for purification of aqueous solution from heavy metals, for example, copper and zinc. Proposed method involves using oil cake as waste in preparing vegetable food oil from watermelon seeds. Oil cake is washed out for colorless washing out water, dried at 60-65 C to constant mass, ground, sieved and fraction 0.2-2 mm is taken off. EFFECT: simplified technology, enhanced sorption capacity of sorbent. 3 ex

Description

 The invention relates to a technology for producing sorbents, specifically to methods for producing sorbents that can be used to purify aqueous solutions of drinking water from heavy metals, for example, zinc and copper.

 Sorption purification is one of the effective ways to remove contaminants from aqueous solutions.

Methods for producing plant-based sorbents, for example, activated carbons by treating wood at a high temperature of 500-900 ^o With [1] are described.

 The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the technology. A method for producing a sorbent based on wood sawdust by treating them with a chemical agent - 1 (2-hydroxyethyl) - 4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydroindole [2] in an acetone solution at a ratio of 1: 0.01 and holding for 12 hours is described.

 When testing their sorption capacity in static conditions ranged from 0.7 to 1.44 mg / g for copper and other metals.

 The disadvantages of the method are the relative complexity of the technology and the low sorption capacity of the sorbents.

 The purpose of the invention is the simplification of technology and increase sorption capacity. This goal is achieved by the fact that as the source of plant materials used cake is a waste of the processing of watermelon seeds [3, 4]. Watermelon seeds are dried and pressed to produce watermelon edible vegetable oil. In the form of waste (residue) cake is formed, containing mainly fiber and protein-carbohydrate component (complex).

To obtain the sorbent, the crushed cake from the processing of watermelon seeds is washed with water to unpainted washing water, dried at a temperature of 60-65 ^o C to an air-dry state (to a constant weight), crushed, sieved, a fraction of 0.2-2 mm is selected. Get a brown powder with a bulk density of 0.5-0.6 g / cm ³ containing at least 35 wt.% Fiber and protein-carbohydrate complex, characterized by a Kjeldahl nitrogen content of at least 0.5 wt.%.

 The prepared sorbent makes it possible to clean aqueous solutions of heavy metals, for example, of copper with a sorption capacity of 3.9 mg / g, of zinc - 2.6 mg / g.

Example 1
50 g of crushed watermelon cake are mixed with 200 ml of washing water, stirred, held for 30-60 minutes, the aqueous phase is drained and water is added again, thus, to unpainted washing water. Then it is dried at a temperature of 60-65 ^o C to constant weight, crushed, sieved, a fraction of 0.2-2 mm is taken.

Get 40 g of sorbent - brown powder with a bulk density of 0.58 g / cm ³ containing fiber 36.9 wt.%, Nitrogen according to Kjeldahl 0.6 wt.%.

Example 2
Sorption capacity test. In a flask with a capacity of 100 ml, add 1 g of sorbent and 40 ml of an aqueous solution containing 127 mg / l of copper in the form of sulfate, mix, maintain at room temperature. After 2 hours and further, the chemical preparation checks the copper content in the solution over the sorbent until the sorption stops. After 3 hours, the copper content in the solution is 30 mg / l, and the sorption capacity is 3.9 mg / g.

Example 3
In the flask of Example 2, 1 g of sorbent and 40 ml of an aqueous solution containing 100 mg / L of zinc in the form of sulfate are added, mixed and kept at room temperature. After 3 hours, the zinc content in the solution is 36 mg / l, the sorption capacity of 2.6 mg / g.

 Thus, the presented method allows to simplify the technology and increase the capacity of the sorbent when cleaning aqueous solutions of heavy metals, for example, copper and zinc.

Sources of information
1. Chemical encyclopedic dictionary. - M., 1983. - p.19.

 2. Copyright certificate of the USSR 1498551, 1987, MKI B 01 J 20/22.

 3. The technological instruction for the production of watermelon edible oil, approved by the director of the Volgograd individual private research and production enterprise "Pharmaol" Chaban LN, 06/19/1993

 4. Application of the Russian Federation 97108852/13, 1997, MKI C 11 V 1/10.

Claims (1)

A method of producing a plant-based sorbent for cleaning aqueous solutions of heavy metals, characterized in that oilcake is used as a plant base - a waste of the process of processing watermelon seeds into vegetable oil, which is washed with water, dried at 60-65 ^o C, crushed, sieved, a 0.2-2 mm fraction is taken.