RU2209680C2 - Flushing rotary separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: classification and concentration of minerals. SUBSTANCE: proposed rotary separator has working chamber fitted with funnel with riffled inner surface and false bottom, water delivery branch pipe, starting mixture supply branch pipe, concentrate and tailings unloading units; separator is also provided with fixed funnel inserted into revolving funnel with working chamber between them; false bottom is made in form of truncated cones with riffled inner surfaces; riffles are made in form of Archimedean spiral; concentrate unloading unit is made in form of accumulator with valve for removal of concentrate. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of extraction of minerals; increased productivity. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of classification and mineral processing.

 Centrifugal concentrators are known whose working body is a conical, hemispherical, or parabolic bowl with ring grooves from the inside (see Malanyin MI, Lifshits AI, etc. Testing of gold-bearing placers. M: Geological Fund of the Ministry of Geology of the RSFSR, 1973 p. 3-82).

 The bowl is brought into rapid rotation, and water and the starting material are fed into its central part. Under the influence of centrifugal force, low-density ore fragments are carried outside the concentrator bowl, and heavy minerals fall into the grooves of the corrugations and accumulate in them.

 A common drawback of centrifugal concentrators is the cyclical nature of their work. After a certain period of operation, the concentrator is stopped and the accumulated concentrate is unloaded.

 Closest to the claimed separator is a rotating separator with a working chamber having a rotatable funnel with a curvature on the inner surface and a false bottom, nozzles for pumping water and supplying the initial mixture, discharge devices for concentrate and tailings (see RU 2104791 C1, B 03 B 5/32, 02.20.1998).

 The disadvantage of this device is the cyclical nature of the work, after a certain period of work (time), the accumulated concentrate is stopped and unloaded, as well as the perforated tubes inserted between the corrugations are clogged, which leads to a decrease in the recovery coefficient of the useful component.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of the installation, expanding the spectrum of fractions of fineness of the source material, as well as improving the quality of separation of mineral grains by density.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed rotating separator with a working chamber having a rotatable funnel with a curvature on the inner surface and a false bottom, nozzles for pumping water and supplying the initial mixture, discharge devices for concentrate and tailings, according to the invention, is inserted into the rotating funnel fixed funnel with the formation of the working chamber between them, while the false bottom is made in the form of truncated cones with a curvature on the inner surface, adj captive to the lower funnel, and narifleniya formed as a spiral of Archimedes and the concentrate discharge device - in the form of a drive with a valve for removal of concentrate.

 Comparative analysis with the analogue shows that in the proposed embodiment, the withdrawal of the concentrate is performed continuously, whereas in the analogue this happens cyclically.

 Unlike the prototype, where the principle of continuous separation also applies, in the proposed embodiment, the nature of the movement and distribution of solid particles on the working surface fundamentally changes. Due to the rotation of the working surface, the initial mass is distributed evenly on it. Thus, the formation of sand "blockages" and corridors of "breakdown" between them is excluded, which allows the material to be divided by density more qualitatively. The organization of the movement of shared particles also changes significantly. The removed material of the light fractions moves mainly along the surface of the rotating surface and, at the same time, under the influence of the Cariolis force transversely to the direction of the recesses of the corrugations. Heavy minerals sink into the grooves of the grooves and plunge in the direction of the concentrate accumulator. As a result, the quality of enrichment is significantly improved due to the capture of thin classes of useful components. In addition, part of the work necessary to remove low-density minerals is redistributed to centrifugal force, which, in comparison with steeply inclined separators, allows the use of very low flow rates simultaneously with an increase in productivity. In turn, the use of low flow rates allows for finer separation of minerals by their density.

 The invention is illustrated by the drawing in FIG. 1.

 The separator consists of a parabolic funnel 1 with special corrugation, a false bottom made up of truncated cones 2 with corrugation, an upper fixed funnel 3, a pipe for supplying raw material 4, a pipe for supplying additional water 5, a distributor of initial material 6, a distributor of additional water flow 7 , a concentrate accumulator 8, a flute 9, provided with a valve for outputting the concentrate 10, a tailings discharge device 11.

 The lower funnel 1 with a false bottom 2 attached to it and distributors 6, 7 is rotated. Through pipe 4, a mixture of the starting product with water is supplied. To stabilize the flow between the bottoms through the pipe 5 serves an additional adjustable flow of water. Under the influence of the pumped flow and centrifugal force, the starting material moves in the direction of exit from the working chamber. In this case, the lightest mass of solid moves along the surface of the false bottom and, reaching the edges of the separation chamber, enters the unloading device of the tails 11. Particles with high density fall into the gaps of the truncated cones of the false surface of the bowl 2 on the bottom of the funnel 1. Separation on the surface of the thicket occurs more efficiently , since the saturation of the flow with sandy and dusty material is much less than in the flow on the false surface of the bowl 2. As a result, heavy minerals fall into the recesses of the corrugations 9 and slipped they are fed into the concentrate accumulator 8, as the filling of which concentrate is removed through the valve 10.

 As the flow advances to the exit from the working chamber, the working surface of the bowl 1 and the false bottom 2 respectively increases. As a result, the frequency of collisions of fragments with particles of the useful component decreases. Due to this, the separation effect increases and particles of the useful component that did not fall between the lower cones fall between the upper cones and slide along the grooves 9 into the accumulator 8.

 Under the influence of the Cariolis force, the initial mass flow breaks up into a fan of particle flows in accordance with their hydraulic fineness. Figure 2 shows the trajectories of particles of different densities on a horizontal scan of the working surface of the bowl. Along the trajectory "a", dusty material moves together with the water stream. Minerals of low and medium density move along the trajectory "b" and "c", and minerals of high density move along the corrugations to the center of the working chamber.

 With a quick rotation of the bowl (centrifugal force "removes" more than 70% of the weight of minerals) in combination with low flow rates, its trajectory takes the form of an Archimedean spiral of Fig. 3. Therefore, the shape of the riffles is made in the form of a spiral of Archimedes.

 In order to ensure the same flow rate throughout the working chamber, the dimensions and configuration of the upper funnel are calculated so that the live section between it and the lower funnel is the same throughout its entire length.

 An example of a technical solution for performing a template for manufacturing a working bowl. The calculated amount of quickly setting cement is poured into a vessel of a given height and diameter at the outlet of the bowl. Then the vessel with cement is put into rotation at such a speed that the cement level drops to a predetermined depth. In this case, a bowl is formed with the given dimensions of the height, curvature and diameter at the outlet. The frequency of rotation of the vessel with cement is measured and accepted as critical. That is, the rotation speed of the working chamber made on this template should not exceed the rotation speed used in the manufacture of its template. The profile of the bowl, depending on the ratio of its diameter and height, can vary from close to saucer-shaped to close to cylindrical. In the extreme first variant, the principle of its operation resembles the work of locks, where the accumulation of heavy minerals occurs like locks in the recesses of the grooves, because of the gentle slope of the working surface, the discharge of sludges practically does not occur, and in the extreme second variant the principle of operation is close to the principle of operation of the hydrocyclone. After the cement hardens, the rotation of the vessel stops and a pattern of corrugations of the necessary configuration is applied on its surface.

 In general, the separator, thanks to the distinguishing features, provides a more complete extraction of heavy minerals and high productivity.

Claims (1)

 A rotating separator with a working chamber having a rotatable funnel with a curvature on the inner surface and a false bottom, nozzles for pumping water and supplying the initial mixture, discharge devices for concentrate and tails, characterized in that it is equipped with a fixed funnel inserted into the rotating funnel, with the formation of a working chamber between them, while the false bottom is made in the form of truncated cones with a curvature on the inner surface, attached to the lower funnel, Nena as a spiral of Archimedes and the concentrate discharge device as a drive with a valve for removal of concentrate.

Images