RU2055642C1 - Device for classification and enrichment of mineral resources - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: device has reservoir 1 with branch pipe 2 for feeding source material. Branch pipe 7 for feeding liquid flow with means 8 for flow swirling and branch pipe 6 for the rising discharge of hydromixture are mounted in lower part of reservoir. Branch pipes 6 and 8 have vertical and horizontal legs. Vertical leg of branch pipe 6 is located coaxially inside vertical leg of branch pipe 8. Their open face ends are directed towards bottom of reservoir 1. The face end of branch pipe 6 is disposed lower than that of branch pipe 8. Classifier-trap 9 in the form of convex shell with perforated peripheral part is placed on bottom of reservoir 1. Branch pipe 10 for concentrate discharge is connected with classifier-trap 9. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the process of additional recovery of the lost useful component at the final stage (tailing) of enrichment on traditionally used washing devices, in construction, when the raw materials are materials from the previous years of washing, during the restoration of previously worked areas.

A device is known for enriching coal in a heavy suspension by producing three products, comprising a cylindrical apparatus with an elongated cylindrical compartment and a tangential inlet pipe, a separation diaphragm in the lower part of the cylindrical compartment with screw channels and a conical bottom, a discharge pipe, an industrial pipe, a drain chamber [1 ]
The disadvantages of this device are the low separation efficiency of small classes, a large amount of effluent concentrate.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved results to the proposed invention is a device for classifying and enriching minerals, in which a swirling flow is formed in the classification zone, and the pulp is divided into small, large, and rotary holders made in the form of a hollow body of revolution with a perforated surface boundary fractions. The device carries out the removal of light particles of a fine fraction in an upward flow, removes particles of a large fraction, feeds the particles of the boundary fraction into the cavity of the classifier and removes particles of the boundary fraction. The device includes a cylindrical body with covers, a tangentially located supply pipe installed in the upper cover of the pipe for a light fraction, made in the bottom cover of the body with a slotted groove for a heavy fraction, a device for unloading the intermediate product and a conical funnel connected to the base via an elastic diaphragm from the bottom cover and traction with a source of vibrations. The device for unloading the industrial product is made in the form of coaxially arranged conical sieves, the space between which is filled with balls, the bases of the sieves are connected to the bottom cover, and the vertices are directed towards the nozzle for light fraction.

 Large and heavy particles, concentrating in the near-wall areas and descending along the descending side, are unloaded through the slotted gutter. Small and light particles, moving with a small radius of rotation, are concentrated in an upward flow and are discharged through a nozzle for a light fraction. Particles close to the boundary fraction are subjected to separation on the screening surface of a cone-shaped sieve, that is, only by size.

 The disadvantage of this device is the fact that if the useful component is represented by heavy particles of a fine and boundary fraction, then when they enter the cone-shaped sieve, their centrifugal classification will not occur, due to the fact that the flow of pulp swirling on the surface of the sieve, colliding with balls between its walls will lose the energy of rotation. As a result, the flow inside the sieve will not be swirling and centrifugal separation of the useful component represented by heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions will not occur. As a result, the applicability of the device is limited by the fact that minerals whose extracted component is represented by heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions, such as gold, cannot be classified and enriched, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the device.

 The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of extraction of a useful component represented by heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions.

 The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the device for classifying and enriching minerals containing a container in communication with its upper part a pipe for supplying raw material, a mixture of unloading slurry and a classifier-trap fixed to the bottom of the tank, connected to the pressure head in the lower part of the tank a conduit to the downward fluid flow pipe with means for swirling the stream. The slurry unloading means is made in the form of an upward unloading slurry branch pipe, the vertical branch of which is installed coaxially inside the vertical branch of the downward flow pipe branch, coaxially with the tank, and, respectively, the outlet and intake ends of the nozzles face the bottom of the tank. The difference is that the classifier-trap is fixed under the indicated ends and is made with a convex shell with holes in its peripheral part and an unperforated central part, the diameter of which is not less than the diameter of the intake end of the ascending discharge mixture of the hydraulic mixture.

 The means for swirling the downward flow of fluid can be made of plates inclined in the annular gap between the vertical branches of the nozzles. This tool can also be formed by an annular chamber in the gap between the walls of the vertical branches of the nozzles, if the horizontal branch of the nozzle for supplying a downward flow of a downward flow of liquid is tangentially integrated into its vertical branch. The differences include the placement of the intake end of the upstream discharge pipe of the hydraulic mixture below the output end of the downstream pipe. In a particular embodiment of the device, the classifier-trap shell has a hemispherical shape. The device can be supplemented with a cone-shaped divider installed under the output end of the feed pipe.

 The drawing shows a working capacity, a longitudinal section.

 In the upper part of the cylindrical container 1 having a domed bottom and a cover, a pipe 2 for supplying pulp to the container and a pipe 3 for discharging liquid from it are mounted coaxially with the body and coaxially to each other. A cone-shaped divider 4 is mounted coaxially with the body under the nozzle 2 with a vertex to its outlet end face for uniform distribution of the solid pulp 5. In the lower part of the tank there is a pipe 6 for ascending unloading of the hydraulic mixture, made of horizontal and vertical branches, the latter is coaxial with the tank body, and the intake end of the pipe faces the bottom of the tank.

 The vertical branch of the discharge pipe 6 is passed through the vertical branch of the pipe 7 for supplying a swirling downward flow of liquid. Closer to the outlet end of the nozzle, in the gap between the nozzles 6 and 7, plates 8 are obliquely fixed, which are a means for swirling the fluid flow supplied to the tank. Swirling flow can be created in another way. For this, the horizontal branch of the pipe 7 can be integrated tangentially into its vertical branch, forming with the walls of the vertical branch of the pipe 6 an annular chamber in which the flow will be twisted. In other cases, the horizontal branches of these nozzles, as well as the vertical ones, can be installed coaxially to each other. The most effective flow will be twisted if the lower open end of the pipe 7.

 Under the lower end of the discharge pipe 6, a classifier-trap is installed in the bottom of the housing, for example, in the form of a hemisphere 9 with a bulge outward. Its surface, with the exception of the central part, not less than the diameter of the open end of the pipe 7, is perforated with holes with a diameter determined by the particle size of the recoverable mineral, in the optimal embodiment, of the order of three average particle diameters. An opening is made in the bottom of the container 1, in which a drain pipe 10 is hermetically installed.

 The device operates as follows. The initial pulp through the supply pipe 2 is fed into the working tank 1. Once on the divider 4, the pulp is evenly distributed over the entire cross section of the container body. In this case, the pulp is dehydrated by precipitation of the solid part and discharge through the pipe 3 of the liquid component of the pulp with the bulk of the fine light fraction. After filling the chamber with solid material, the flow of pulp into it is stopped. Then, pressure water is supplied through the nozzle 7 to the container under pressure, which, flowing out under pressure from the swirler 8 at the lower end of the nozzle 7, forms a spiral swirling flow, eroding solid material and forming a hydraulic mixture. During its rotation, it captures solid particles, which enters the lower part of the tank as they are unloaded, and also involves them in rotation. Thus, a swirling flow of slurry is formed on the surface of the classifier-trap 9. The heaviest particles of solid during rotation of the flow tend to the center, into the zone with a smaller radius of rotation, and smaller ones rotate at a distance from the center inversely proportional to their mass. Thus, when the flow rotates under the action of centrifugal forces, particles are separated by size into small, large and boundary fractions. At the same time, in the operating mode of the unloading unit, when the pressurized water constantly enters the unloading unit, its excess through the unloading pipe 6 leaves the lower part of the tank, forming an upward flow. This stream removes light particles of small fractions from the separation zone, as well as particles of large fractions that could not penetrate the perforation holes of classifier 9.

 The useful component, represented by heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions, rotating together with the stream in the classifier-trap zone, penetrates through perforation on the side surface of the classifier 9 inward along with a swirling stream, where the heaviest particles of the useful component, for example, grains of gold, are concentrated on the axis rotations and accumulate there. At the same time, they are prevented from being drawn into the upstream by localization of the possibility of their getting into it, for example, by the fact that the central part of the trap of the classifier 9, no less than the diameter of the discharge pipe 6, is made without perforation. Other localization options are possible, for example, installation of a damper, or such a selection of the feed rate of the pressure flow of water into the chamber at which heavy fractions are not involved in the upward flow of the hydraulic mixture discharged from the chamber, etc. In this localized zone (calm from suction by the upward flow of hydraulic mixtures), the heaviest particles of the fine and boundary fractions of the useful component accumulate.

 Lighter particles of fine and boundary fractions, the radius of rotation of which in the swirling flow inside the classifier is greater than the radius of the quiet non-perforated zone and which are thus not particles of the useful component, are carried away through the upper perforations from the internal cavity of the classifier-trap 9 into the unloading zone of the working vessel and further on the discharge pipe 6 are derived from it. In addition, the constant flow of heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions in a swirling stream through the lower lateral rows of perforation holes also contributes to the displacement of lighter particles of fine and boundary fractions that got there earlier and their subsequent removal in an upward flow through pipe 6. Constant entry into the classifier-trap 9 useful component in the form of heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions together with a swirling stream and removal from there by the same stream of separated light particles provides a constant The exchange of these particles in the trap classifier contributes to a more complete capture of heavy particles of fine and boundary fractions of a useful component, for example, gold grains. When the quiet zone of the classifier-trap is filled with the concentrate of the useful component on the drain pipe 10, the cork valve 11 is opened and the classifier is unloaded from the concentrate.

Claims (6)

 1. DEVICE FOR CLASSIFICATION AND ENRICHMENT OF MINERAL MINERALS, containing a tank, a pipe connected to the top of the tank for supplying raw material, a mixture of unloading hydraulic mixtures and a classifier-trap fixed to the bottom of the tank, characterized in that a pipe connected to the pressure water conduit is placed a downward flow of fluid with a means of swirling the flow, while the means of unloading the slurry is made in the form of a pipe upward discharge of the slurry, the vertical branch of The horn is installed coaxially inside the vertical branch of the downward flow pipe branch coaxially with the tank, and accordingly, the outlet and intake ends of the pipes face the bottom of the tank, the classifier-trap is fixed under these ends and is made with a convex shell with holes in its peripheral part and a non-perforated central part, the diameter of which is not less than the diameter of the intake end of the discharge pipe of the hydraulic mixture.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for swirling the fluid flow is made of plates inclined in the annular gap between the vertical branches of the nozzles.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal branch of the downward fluid supply pipe is integrated tangentially in its vertical branch so that the annular chamber in the gap between the walls of the vertical branches of the pipes forms a means for swirling the fluid flow.  4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intake end of the pipe upward discharge of the hydraulic mixture is located below the output end of the pipe for supplying a downward flow of liquid.  5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shell of the classifier-trap is made hemispherical in shape.  6. The device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a cone-shaped divider is installed under the outlet end of the feed pipe for uniform distribution of the material throughout the tank.