RU2207292C2 - Method of breaking sunken submarine off bottom in raising her - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: methods of raising sunken submarines. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes swinging of submarine by transversal crossing embracing of her hull preferably in center portion by means of cables whose ends are secured to surface ships with whose help forces are formed in opposite directions perpendicularly relative to fore-and-aft axis of sunken submarine . Then, submarine is connected with pontoons and after blowing these pontoons, submarine is towed to dock. EFFECT: reduced breaking-off force.

Description

 The invention relates to the lifting of sunken ships and other objects under water, and can be used, in particular, when lifting a sunken submarine (submarine) of the Kursk type.

 A known method of lifting the submarine "Kursk", proposed by foreigners and described in the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" for 03/15/2001, p.6.

 In this method, the Kursk submarine is proposed to be lifted using the TRIALE crane. These are two crane structures on a floating platform, with a lifting capacity of each boom equal to 7 thousand tons. With the help of such a crane, the flooded barge Grant-4 will be put on the Kursk submarine, and a longitudinal section will be made previously in this barge. The Kursk submarines will be fixed with a system of cables passed through special blocks. Water is pumped out of the cavities of the barge, the structure floats up and it will be towed to the appropriate dock. Towing time is 4-5 days. A designated parking spot is provided in case of bad weather.

 The main disadvantage of this method is that it detracts five times from the separation force of the submarine from the bottom, which ultimately can lead to the destruction of the submarine during lifting.

 In addition, the weight of technical equipment was not taken into account in determining the lifting weight, and steel cables for lifting with a length of 5000 meters and a diameter of 16-23 cm are not yet produced in Russia at all. And the calculation of dynamic loads was performed with a sea wave of 1 meter. This is an insignificant excitement that never happens in the North. Therefore, such a calculation is also not real.

 There is a more realistic way of raising the Kursk submarine and taken as a prototype proposed by the Department of Ship Construction of the State Marine Technical University and described there (K.P. p.6 of 03.15.2001). This is the Russian way of lifting, involving the lifting of the Kursk submarine using pontoons that rigidly encircle the submarine, then they are blown with air and the boat rises up to a depth of 40-45 meters. And then at such a depth they tow her into the dock, for example, with a raft. The advantages of the pontoon method are that such a rigid system eliminates the destruction of the boat as a result of inertial forces when it rolls at sea.

 However, there is also a very large separation force of the submarine from the bottom, and in the described method it does not decrease in any way, which when lifting can lead to the destruction of the boat.

 The aim of this invention is to reduce the separation force of the submarine from the bottom when lifting, achieved due to the fact that in the method of separation of the sunken submarine from the bottom when lifting, which consists in applying a lifting force to it, for example, by blowing pontoons attached to this boat, and towing it after lifting to the required depth, before applying a lifting force to the sunken submarine, it is rocked by river cross grabbing it mainly in the middle part of the cables, the ends of which fixed on surface ships, with the help of which they create alternate efforts directed in opposite directions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sunken submarine, and towing is carried out in the dock.

 Comparative analysis shows that the claimed method differs from the prototype in that before applying a lifting force to the sunken submarine, it is rocked by transverse cross-gripping of its hull, mainly in the middle part of the cable, the ends of which are fixed on surface ships, with the help of which they create alternating forces directed in opposite directions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sunken submarine, and towing is carried out in the dock. Therefore, this technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 To determine whether the proposed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step", an analysis of the characteristics of the identified analogues is carried out. Given that the proposed technical solution has a new set of features that for a specialist does not explicitly follow from the existing level of technology, it meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The present invention is industrially applicable, as it is very convenient for use in modern conditions as when lifting the submarine "Course", and other similar wrecks without the use of foreign equipment.

 So, the proposed method of separation of the sunken submarine from the bottom is as follows. At the beginning of the process, the submarine is located on the seabed and is somewhat immersed in it (as for example, a fallen spoon is immersed in a pan with dough). To begin the ascent of the submarine, it must be rocked and thus released from the forces of adhesion of the hull to the seabed and reduce the separation force.

 To do this, divers lead across the submarine under the bottom approximately in the middle of its steel cable with its output to the other side. Then, with both ends of the cable, they would tie the submarine across, i.e. carry out transverse cross-setting of its body, and the ends of the cable are then fed to the surface of the water. On the sea surface, these ends are connected to two surface ships, which are oriented on courses in opposite directions and, therefore, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the submarine. Then these ships begin to work alternately in opposite directions, thus swinging the submarine and "tearing" it from the bottom. This operation is monitored by divers at the bottom and sends appropriate signals to surface ships to continue rocking and to stop it when the submarine is almost torn from the bottom. After that, divers carry out the connection of the submarine with pre-prepared pontoons.

 Then the necessary blowing of the pontoons is carried out and the submarine will freely rise upward, being subjected to significantly less effort to detach from the bottom, and therefore less effort to load the submarine itself and prevent its destruction during this operation.

 When the submarine rises to the required depth, it is towed using a prefabricated special raft and a ship to the appropriate dock.

 The implementation of the proposed method is planned as one of the main domestic options when lifting the submarine "Kursk". Currently, negotiations are underway with the Department of Ship Design of the State Marine Technical University on the use of this method when lifting the Kursk submarine, which spoke positively of this.

 After the final decision on the lifting method, together with the specified organization, an application for the invention of "Complex for lifting the sunken submarine Kursk" will be submitted.

Claims (1)

 A method of detaching a sunken submarine from the bottom when lifting it, which consists in applying a lifting force to it, for example, by blowing pontoons attached to this boat, and towing it after lifting to the required depth, characterized in that before lifting the sunken submarine her efforts are swinging by transverse cross-embracing her hull, mainly in the middle part of the cable, the ends of which are fixed on surface ships, with which they create alternately n efforts directed in opposite directions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sunken submarine, and towing is carried out in the dock.