RU2206672C1 - Facility to clean bottom of water reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic excavation, technical equipment to clean ponds, gutters, ore and other ditches from bottom sedimentation. SUBSTANCE: facility to clean bottom of reservoir includes propulsion device which carries shovel ground intake with side walls, screw conveyer, accumulator and pneumatic conveyer. It is fitted with frame that carries shovel ground intake, screw conveyer, pneumatic conveyer with ejector chamber. Facility is supplemented with driving cutting discs coupled to shovel ground intake and so installed that extreme discs are positioned behind side walls of shovel ground intake and other discs are placed between them. Shovel ground intake narrows towards outlet and screw conveyer is located sideways in its narrowing part, accumulating vessel having shape of box is positioned behind screw conveyer. Suction branch pipe of elector chamber is put into accumulating vessel. Slit-shaped nozzle of suction branch pipe is arranged in parallel to screw conveyer, right and left turns of screw being directed in opposition. Feeding blades are anchored between them. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency and operational reliability of facility. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydromechanization, and in particular to technical means for cleaning water bodies from bottom sediments, and in particular to the cleaning of drainage mines and other ditches.

 A device for cleaning gutter mine ditches according to the copyright certificate 973736, class. E 02 F 5/28, 1981, which contains a casing, ejectors, suction nozzles of which are located in the casing, a cutting knife and side flaps. During the operation of this device, a knife and openers clean the bottom and walls of the mine ditches, while one ejector feeds the sludge into the casing, where the sludge is liquefied, crushed and sucked off by another ejector and fed through the pipeline to the trolley for further use. However, this device does not provide high-quality and reliable cleaning of ditches, especially when there is vegetation at the bottom of water bodies, and in addition, it is not suitable for cleaning from stale bottom sediments.

 A device for cleaning ponds according to copyright certificate 1355678, class. E 02 F 5/28, 1986, which includes a floating dredger body with the necessary mechanisms and devices for anchoring and land wheels for moving on land. The device is equipped with a chain cultivator with a drive, a lifting tray with scrapers and cutting discs. When the device is operating, the cutting discs and scrapers cut off the soil layer, and the loosening elements, diving into the soil, capture the soil layer and lift the soil along the lifting tray and dump it into the dredger body. However, such a device is also not suitable for working with stale deposits, and, in addition, vegetation is wound on a chain cultivator and reduces the reliability of the device.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed is a device for cleaning from bottom sediments according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2034117, class. E 02 F 5/28, 1992, which includes a floating casing, a soil intake body made in the form of a bucket cultivator connected to a screw pipeline, a storage hopper with a suction pump. The bottom sediment flows through a bucket cultivator into the screw conveyor, which directs the soil to the storage hopper, from which it is sucked out by a pneumatic conveyor. However, such a device is inefficient and not at all suitable for work in the presence of vegetation at the bottom of water bodies.

 The technical task of the present invention is the creation of a high-performance and reliable device for cleaning the bottom of water bodies, as well as reducing energy consumption during operation of the device.

 This object is achieved in that the device for cleaning the bottom of ponds, including a mover, on which there is a bucket soil collector with side walls, a screw conveyor, a drive and a pneumatic conveyor, is equipped with a frame on which a bucket soil collector, a screw conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor with an ejector chamber are fixed, while the device additionally equipped with driven cutting discs associated with a bucket soil intake and installed in front of it so that the extreme cutting discs are located behind the side shovels of the bucket soil collector, and the rest between them, and the bucket soil collector is made tapering to the outlet, and a screw conveyor is transversely mounted in its tapering part, behind which there is a storage tank made in the form of a box, in front of which there is a screw conveyor, behind which inside the storage tank the suction nozzle of the ejector chamber is located, while the nozzle of the suction nozzle is slotted and parallel to the screw conveyor, made with the right and left turns of the auger, directed towards each other, and between them feed blades are fixed. The right and left turns of the screw are made conical, with large bases directed to the blades. The drive of the cutting discs and auger conveyor is made in the form of a chain drive.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for cleaning ponds from bottom sediments, side view, figure 2 is the same, top view.

 A device for cleaning the bottom of reservoirs from bottom sediments consists of a frame 1, which is mounted on a floating means (not shown) or any other propulsive device, and the device can also be equipped with its own transport wheels. On the frame 1 there is fixed a bucket soil collector 2, consisting of sidewalls 3, bottom 4 and top cover 5. The front part of the bottom 4 of soil sampling 2 is made in the form of a removable share 6 with a front cutting edge 7. An axis 9 is fixed to the sides 3 of the bucket soil collector 2 by means of brackets 8 on which drive cutting disks are mounted 10. The extreme disks 11 are mounted behind the sidewalls 3 of the bucket soil intake 2, and the rest between the sidewalls 3. The bucket soil intake 2 is made tapering towards the exit and a screw conveyor 12 is installed inside it, while its rotation axis 13 is parallel to the rotation axis 9 of the cutting discs 10. The cover 5 covers a part of the bucket soil collector 2 above the screw conveyor 12 and passes into the cover of the storage tank 14 in such a way that the storage tank is made in the form of a closed box with a front open window in front of which screw conveyor 12. Screw conveyor 12 is made with right and left winding of screws facing towards each other, and feeding blades are installed between them 15. Screw winding is made conical, and screw on a larger diameter winding interacts with the feed vanes 15. Behind the screw conveyor 12, inside the storage tank 14 there is a suction nozzle 16 of the ejector chamber 17. The nozzle 16 is made with a slot-like nozzle 18, and the ejector chamber 17 is equipped with a discharge 19 and a discharge 20 nozzles to which the hose is supplied respectively 21 from the compressor and the pipeline transporting the slurry 22. The drive 23 can be made in the form of a chain transmission, as shown in FIG. 1, or any other from any engine (electric, hydraulic or air motor). The electric motor can be installed either on the propulsion used, or directly on the frame 1 of the device.

 The device operates as follows.

 A floating device is installed in the initial area of work, the device frame 1 is fixed on it, so that the cutting discs 10 are buried in the ground, and the share 6 with its cutting edge 7 is also partially buried. As the vehicle or any other propulsion device moves, the cutting discs 10 cut the soil of the bottom sediments into separate strips, in connection with which the soil of the bottom sediments partially swells, and the share is more easily buried in the soil, separating the strips from the underlying soil layer. With further movement of the device, the soil, partially moving by backwater, falls under the action of the screw conveyor 12 and feed blades 15, which loosen the soil strips and mix it with water, forming a pulp, which is transported into the storage tank 14. In the storage tank 14, the pulp gets under the slit-like nozzle 18 of the suction pipe 16 of the ejector chamber 17. From the compressor (not shown), compressed air is supplied to the discharge pipe 19, creating an ejector effect, so that the pulp is sucked slit-like Plomo 18 enters the transfer tube 20 via conduit 22 and transported to the processing of the pulp. The drive 23 of the cutting discs 10 and the conveying screw 12 is carried out with a floating means or any other propulsion chain drive.

 The proposed device provides uninterrupted work on cleaning the bottom of the reservoir from bottom sediments. The device can significantly increase productivity, and also allows you to clean the bottom regardless of the presence of vegetation, as the cutting discs chop the vegetation. The formation of soil strips significantly reduces the energy consumption for separating the soil from the underlying layers, and the creation of pulp due to the screw conveyor and feed blades also significantly reduces the energy consumption for the process of absorption and transportation of the harvested soil. The use of pneumatic conveying of the soil allows you to divert the soil to any distance from the place of its intake, since it is possible to use an additional installation of the discharge pipe in the pipeline transporting the pulp to supply compressed air anywhere in the pipeline, which creates an amplifying effect of ejection, and therefore ensures reliable transportation of the pulp.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir, including a mover, on which there is a bucket soil collector with side walls, a screw conveyor, a drive and a pneumatic conveyor, characterized in that it is equipped with a frame on which a bucket soil collector, a screw conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor with an ejector chamber are fixed, the device is additionally equipped with driven cutting disks connected with the bucket soil intake and installed in front of it so that the extreme cutting disks are located behind the side walls of the buckets of the excavator, and the rest between them, with the bucket excavator tapering to the exit, and in its tapering part a screw conveyor is transversely installed, behind which there is a storage tank made in the form of a box, in front of which there is a screw conveyor, behind which inside the storage tank is located the suction nozzle of the ejector chamber, while the nozzle of the suction nozzle is slotted and is parallel to the screw conveyor, made with right and left turns screw directed towards each other, between which are fixed the feed of the blade.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the right and left turns of the screw are made conical, with large bases directed towards the blades.  3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the drive of the cutting discs and auger conveyor is made in the form of a chain transmission.

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