RU193510U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE BOTTOM OF RESERVOIRS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir refers to hydromechanization, namely to clean the bottom of reservoirs from bottom sediments and aquatic vegetation. A device for cleaning the bottom of a pond contains a rarefaction chamber 1, a submersible pump 2. Inside the chamber 1, a chopper 3 is mounted on the pump impeller 2. The chopper 3 contains an outer cylinder 4 fixedly mounted on the chamber casing 1, inside of which an inner cylinder 5. is mounted on the impeller of the pump 2 the cylinders 4 and 5 are made windows 6 and 7. On the axis of the chamber 1 there is a rod 8 having a conical tip 9 in the lower part, the conical surface of which is conjugated with the conical surface of the hole 10 of the bottom of the chamber 1. On the upper part of the rod 8, an adjustable nut 11 is installed, between which an elastic element 12 is placed between the camera body 1 and the camera. An element for opening and closing the camera 1 is made on the rod 8. The camera 1 is equipped with a suction sleeve 13 with a suction sleeve (to hell, not shown). the presence of an additional cylinder 14 installed inside the inner cylinder 5, the window 15 of which coincides with the window 6 of the outer cylinder. Positive effect: improving the reliability of the device by preventing winding algae on the rotating parts of the device ecology, simplification of design.

Description

The utility model relates to hydromechanization, namely to cleaning the bottom of reservoirs from bottom sediments and aquatic vegetation.

A device for cleaning the bottom of ponds (RF Patent for the invention No. 2034117, a device for cleaning ponds from bottom sediments, IPC E02F 3/20, from 04/30/1995), including a floating casing, soil-intake body, made in the form of a bucket cultivator connected to a screw pipeline, storage hopper with a suction pump. The bottom sediment flows through a bucket cultivator into the screw conveyor, which directs the soil to the storage hopper, from which it is sucked off by a pneumatic conveyor.

The disadvantage of this device is its limited technological capabilities, it is not at all suitable for cleaning water bodies with vegetation at the bottom. In addition, during the operation of this device, a large amount of putrefactive-organic suspensions falls into the water, which is unacceptable in drinking water.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed is a device for cleaning the bottom of a pond (RF Patent for invention No. 2206672, Device for cleaning the bottom of a pond, E02F 5/28, from 20.06.2003). The device consists of a rarefaction chamber connected to two ejectors, one of which acts as a suspension removal mechanism, an intake device in the form of a bucket with side walls, and a grinder in the form of drive cutting disks. The bucket is made tapering to the exit, and in its tapering part a screw conveyor is installed transversely, behind which there is a storage tank. The axis of rotation of the screw conveyor is parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutting disks of the grinder. Chopper cutting discs are installed in front of the bucket of the intake device.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the low reliability of operation, due to winding algae grinder on the cutting disks and clogging with the plant residues of both the screws and the pneumatic conveyor directly. As a result, the operation of this device in reservoirs with aquatic vegetation is extremely difficult.

Hence, the technical problem when cleaning the bottom of reservoirs is winding algae on any rotating structural elements in contact with plant organics during its processing and extraction from the reservoir.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the reliability of the device by preventing the winding of algae on the rotating parts of the device.

The technical effect is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir containing a vacuum chamber, a suction device, a grinder, a mechanism for removing suspended matter from the chamber, according to the proposed solution, the grinder is mounted inside the chamber and made in the form of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder installed on the impeller, while in the cylinders on the cylindrical surface there are windows, and the rarefaction element in the chamber is made in the form of a pump installed in the chamber. The device for cleaning the bottom of the reservoir can be equipped with an additional cylinder mounted inside the inner cylinder, the window of which coincides with the window of the outer cylinder. The suspension removal mechanism from the chamber can be made in the form of a rod mounted along the axis of the chamber, having a tip in the lower part with a conical surface mating with the conical surface of the opening of the bottom of the vacuum chamber, while the upper end of the rod is spring-loaded relative to the chamber body.

The implementation of the grinder in the form of the outer and inner cylinders, on the cylindrical surface of which the windows are made, and the installation of the inner cylinder on the impeller make it possible to reliably grind algae and other organics, including film materials like bags, when rotating the inner cylinder in the outer cylinder without wrapping them on the rotating parts of the device . This eliminates breakdowns and stops to clean the rotating parts of wound seaweed, which increases the reliability of the device. Placing the grinder inside the rarefaction chamber allows avoiding the ingress of suspensions formed during operation of the grinder into an open reservoir.

The supply of the device with an additional cylinder installed by the claimed method inside the inner cylinder prevents vortex formation inside the inner (cutting) cylinder, which also increases the reliability of the device.

The proposed device is illustrated in FIG. 1-5, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device, FIG. 2 - chopper device, in FIG. 3 is a section AA of FIG. 2, in FIG. 4 - chopper device with an additional cylinder, in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. four.

A device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir contains a rarefaction chamber 1, a submersible pump 2 located in the upper part of chamber 1. Inside the chamber 1, a chopper 3 is located on the pump impeller 2. The chopper 3 contains an external cylinder 4 fixed on the camera body 1, inside of which on the pump impeller 2, an inner cylinder 5 is mounted. Windows 6 and 7 are made in cylinders 4 and 5. A rod 8 is located along the axis of the rarefaction chamber 1, having a conical tip 9 in the lower part, the conical surface of which is conjugated to the conical surface th hole 10 of the bottom of the chamber 1. On the upper part of the shaft 8, an adjustable nut 11 is installed, between which and the body of the chamber 1 there is an elastic element 12. The chamber 1 is equipped with a suction sleeve 13 with a suction sleeve (not shown in the drawing).

A variant of the device may be the presence of an additional cylinder 14 mounted inside the inner cylinder 5, the window 15 of which coincides with the window 6 of the outer cylinder.

The proposed device operates as follows.

At the beginning of work, the device is lowered into the pond. Then it is brought into operation by pressing on the rod 8 and compressing the spring 12 through the adjustable nut 11, while the conical tip 9 located on the other end of the rod 8 opens the hole 10 in the lower part of the vacuum chamber 1. As a result, the vacuum chamber 1, the chopper 3, the submersible pump 2 and the intake pipe 13 with the intake hose are filled with water without the formation of air cushions. After filling the device with water, the pressure on the rod 8 is stopped, and the spring 12 through the nut 11 returns the conical tip 9 to the position in which it closes the hole 10 of the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1. The device is ready for operation.

Next, include a submersible pump 2, which simultaneously creates a vacuum in the chamber 1 and drives the inner cylinder 5 of the grinder 3. Due to the rarefaction, the cleaning products are sucked into the chamber 1 through the intake pipe 13 and, together with the stream, flow into the grinder 3, passing sequentially through the windows 6 and 7, respectively, of the outer (fixed) cylinder 4 and the inner (rotating) cylinder 5 into the pump 2 and beyond. The window walls of the inner cylinder 5 periodically overlap the window 6 of the outer cylinder 4 and work like guillotine-type knives, cutting (tearing) the fibrous components of the cleaning product into fragments as they enter the grinder cavity. Due to the difference in height, heavy fragments of the product to be extracted are deposited in the lower part of the rarefaction chamber 1 at the inlet to the chamber 1 through the intake pipe 13 (bottom) and at the outlet through the grinder 3 (top). As the heavy fragments accumulate at the bottom of the chamber 1, the rod 8 s the conical tip 9 is moved downward, opening the hole 10 of the bottom of the chamber 1, and the cleaning product is unloaded from it either back into the pond (washed sand) or into an appropriate container for disposal.

When the device is implemented with an additional cylinder 14 shielding the inner (rotating) cylinder 5 from the inside of the grinder while maintaining the pulp passage through the window 15 located opposite the window 6 of the outer cylinder 4, the formation of vortices in the pulp stream entering the pump 2 is additionally prevented.

The device can feed sludge-containing pulp with shredded vegetation into special filter bags or geotubes, in which the shredded aquatic vegetation is drained, and then removed and transported to the place of disposal or further use.

The device can be hung on any floating and non-floating means, for example, on a boat, pontoon, bridges, used in winter from ice, and can also be used autonomously when placed on its own float frame or when lowered directly to the bottom of a reservoir. According to the proposed solution, a prototype device was made on the basis of a submersible drainage pump with a capacity of 1.9 kW, revolutions per minute. 3000, with the size of the let-through particles to 50 mm. Used pressure-suction hoses with a diameter of 50 mm. The chopper is made according to the scheme with three cylinders, mating in diameters of 54 and 50 mm. The area of the windows of the stationary cylinders is equal to the sectional area of the suction sleeve. The device was mounted on an autonomous float frame and was in free swimming, without hampering the operator's work with a suction sleeve. The weight of the unit with a float frame is 57 kg.

Tests showed confident work on any type of algae, and that is especially important - on filiform (spirogyra, or "tina"). Together with algae, the device reliably extracted organic black hydrogen sulfide sludges and light mineral sludges accompanying the algae, which contributes to the healing and restoration of the self-cleaning ability of the reservoir. Pulp productivity - up to 30 m ³ per hour, there were no shutdowns for technical reasons. The work took place in the absence of agitation of water and the preservation of its purity and transparency.

The proposed device will find application for cleaning water bodies of mainly drinking and recreational purposes from silty bottom sediments with dense aquatic vegetation, as well as water bodies that are hydrological monuments of nature.

Claims (3)

1. A device for cleaning the bottom of a pond, containing a vacuum chamber, a suction device, a grinder, a mechanism for removing suspended matter from the chamber, an element for creating a vacuum in the chamber, characterized in that the grinder is mounted inside the chamber and made in the form of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder installed on the impeller, while in the cylinders on the cylindrical surface there are windows, and the rarefaction element in the chamber is made in the form of a pump installed in the chamber. 2. A device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional cylinder fixed to the camera body mounted inside the inner cylinder, the window of which is located opposite the window of the outer cylinder. 3. A device for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a mechanism for removing heavy pulp fractions from the chamber, made in the form of a rod installed along the chamber axis, having a tip in the lower part with a conical surface mating with the conical surface of the hole the bottom of the vacuum chamber, while the upper end of the rod is spring-loaded relative to the chamber body.

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