RU2189462C2 - Device for neutralizing exhaust gases of locomotive engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; locomotive engines. SUBSTANCE: device has internal combustion engine installed in locomotive body and equipped with exhaust branch pipe. Locomotive compressor with receiver are also installed in locomotive body. Exhaust cone is installed over engine exhaust branch pipe. Upper cylindrical part of cone gets into pipeline. Outlet of pipeline is arranged in boiler or oven furnace. Confuser is installed inside pipeline. Nozzle is installed coaxially which confuser. Inlet of nozzle is connected with receiver of locomotive compressor, or with flexible hose, or with additional pipeline. Adjusting shutter is located in pipeline. Mixture of combustion products from furnace and exhaust gases from locomotive engine passes into chimney along gas duct. EFFECT: simplified design, provision of cleaning of exhaust gases from carbon oxide. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and operation of diesel locomotives and is intended to reduce the harmful effects of exhaust gases of a diesel engine on the environment.

 Currently, when testing locomotives in a depot, the exhaust gases of a diesel internal combustion engine are usually emitted into the atmosphere, which is accompanied by pollution of the environment, and more specifically, atmospheric air, by such harmful components as carbon monoxide, soot, benzo (a) pyrene, particles unburned fuel, etc.

 In some cases, the exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe of the diesel locomotive are sent to a special converter - an additional device introduced into the exhaust system of the engine (see the book "Environmental Protection", S.V. Belov et al., 1991, p. 131).

 The disadvantages of liquid converters are significant weight and dimensions, inefficiency with respect to carbon monoxide. The disadvantages of catalytic converters are their high cost, the need to adjust the engine. All types of converters create a backpressure for exhaust emissions, which changes the operating conditions of the engine.

 Known devices for the thermal treatment of emissions (see the book "Environmental Protection", S. V. Belov and others, 1991, p. 123). In these devices, it is necessary to use additional afterburners with mixing of fresh air, which excludes their use when testing diesel locomotives in the depot at the points of rheostatic tests.

 Known devices for the removal of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, the purpose of which is to increase the efficiency of the neutralization system (England patent 1488344, class F 01 B; USSR AS 791981, F 01 N 3/00; USSR patent 327696, F 01 N 3 / 08; A.S. USSR 484311, F 01 N 3/04).

 A disadvantage of the known devices is that they create a backpressure to the exhaust gas, which changes the operating conditions of the engine.

 Closest in its technical essence to the claimed invention is a. from. USSR 1740714, F 01 N 3/00. In this technical solution, an exhaust cone is connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine, connected to a pipe having an outlet, which is connected to a cleaning device in the form of a passive nozzle from glass tubes; Above the passive nozzle, an irrigation system is placed through which an alkaline solution circulates.

 The disadvantage of this device, adopted as a prototype, is the use of an alkaline solution, the bulkiness of the design, the use of glass tubes in the passive nozzle of the cleaning device, and the fact that this device does not provide cleaning of exhaust gases from carbon monoxide.

 The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the noted drawbacks in the developed device for the neutralization of exhaust gases of a diesel engine.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for neutralizing the exhaust gases of a diesel engine containing an exhaust cone mounted on an exhaust pipe of the engine connected to a pipeline having an outlet, according to the invention, the exhaust cone is connected to move in a pipeline whose outlet is located in the furnace chamber of the boiler or furnace, a confuser is installed inside the pipeline with a coaxial nozzle placed in it, the entrance to the nozzle is connected to the receiver of a diesel compressor.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that inside the pipeline an adjustment flap is installed.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output of the stationary compressor is connected to the receiver of the diesel compressor.

 The invention is further illustrated by an example of its specific implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing, which schematically shows the proposed device.

 In the back of the locomotive 1, an internal combustion engine 2 is installed, equipped with an exhaust pipe 3. In the back of the locomotive, a diesel compressor with receiver 4 is also installed.

 An exhaust cone 5 is installed above the exhaust pipe 3, the upper cylindrical part of which enters the pipeline 6. The outlet of the pipeline 6 is placed in the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace 7. Inside the pipeline 6, a confuser 8 is installed coaxially with the nozzle 9. The inlet of the nozzle 9 is connected to the receiver diesel compressor 4 or flexible hose, or additional pipe 10.

 An adjusting flap 11 is also located in the pipeline 6. The mixture of combustion products from the combustion chamber 7 and the exhaust gases of a diesel engine through the duct 12 enters the chimney 13.

 Most diesel depots and diesel repair plants have their own heating and production boilers. Each depot or plant has a different furnace. In many cases, the above boiler houses are located in close proximity to the point of rheostatic tests of diesel locomotives. All depots and plants have their own compressor stations. All this makes it possible to practically implement the operation of the device.

 The operation of the device for the neutralization of exhaust gases of a diesel engine is as follows.

 The locomotive 1 is fed to the rheostatic test site and the place of its installation on the rails is chosen so that the exhaust pipe 3 of the diesel engine 2 is under the exhaust cone 5. Lower the exhaust cone 5 on the roof of the diesel locomotive 1 and seal the existing gaps between the cylindrical part of the exhaust cone and the inner surface pipeline 6 (gap sealing techniques are widely known in the art and are not given in the application materials).

 Then connect the output of the receiver of the diesel compressor 4 with the entrance to the nozzle 8 using a flexible hose or additional pipe 10.

 Next, they start the diesel engine 2 and carry out operations for the locomotive tests of the diesel locomotive. In this case, the compressed air in the diesel compressor 4 enters the receiver, and from the receiver through the pipe 10 to the nozzle 8. When compressed air flows from the nozzle 8 in the pipe 6, a vacuum is created and the exhaust gases of the diesel engine are sent through the pipe 6 to the combustion chamber 7.

 In the combustion chamber 7, combustion of fuel occurs. The exhaust gases of diesel engines, when they enter the combustion chamber, are mixed with combustion products at high temperature with an excess air coefficient greater than unity, which leads to the burning out of carbon monoxide, soot and fuel particles contained in the exhaust gases.

 The mixture of gases enters through the chimney 12 into the chimney 13 and dissipates in the atmosphere. Since the height of the chimney is much greater than the height of the exhaust pipe 3, the concentration of harmful substances in the air becomes much less. In addition, there are no burnt carbon monoxide, soot, or particles of diesel fuel in the gases entering the chimney.

 The operation of the device can also be carried out as follows. If excessive vacuum is created in the combustion chamber, the operating conditions of the diesel engine may change. Therefore, by changing the degree of opening of the adjusting flap 11 installed in the pipe 6, regulate the pressure of the exhaust gases at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 3.

 The operation of the device can also be carried out as follows. During operation of a locomotive in a hot sediment, the output of the depot network of compressed air is connected to the receiver of a diesel compressor 4. In this case, there is no need to start up a diesel compressor.

 Compared with the prototype, the degree of purification of the exhaust gases of a diesel engine improves.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for neutralizing the exhaust gases of a diesel engine, mainly during testing and hot settling of diesel locomotives in a depot, comprising an exhaust cone mounted on an engine exhaust pipe connected to a pipeline having an outlet, characterized in that the cone is movably connected in the pipeline, the output the pipeline is placed in the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace, a confuser is installed inside the pipeline with a coaxial nozzle placed in it, the entrance to which is connected to the receiver of the diesel engine mpressora.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a damper is installed inside the pipeline.  3. The device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the stationary compressor output is connected to the receiver of the diesel compressor.