RU2187468C2 - Mechanism for opening and closing of molds for sectional machine (versions), sectional machine (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: glass vessel manufacture equipment. SUBSTANCE: mechanism adapted for each section of sectional machine has section frame equipped with wall having vertical engagement surface and device for moving one of pair of supporting mechanisms for molds from rear retracted position to forward extended position. Said device has lead screw, drive system, nut unit connected to lead screw and provided with surface cooperating with section frame surface, and device for connecting nut unit to one of mold supporting mechanisms. Sectional machine has section equipped with blank station, blowing station for forming bottle from blank, units for moving mold holders at blank station, and units for moving mold holders at blowing station. Moving units are equipped with driving mechanism provided with device for converting rotational motion into linear motion, and drive system. EFFECT: increased efficiency, enhanced reliability in operation, compact construction by reduced number of parts. 19 cl, 50 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to a mechanism for opening and closing molds for a sectional (with separate sections) machine, which transforms droplets of molten glass into bottles in a two-stage way.

 The first sectional machine was protected by US patents 1843159 dated February 2, 1932 and 1911119 dated May 23, 1933. Currently, more than 4000 sectional machines are used in the world, manufactured by a number of companies and daily produce over a billion bottles. A sectional (with separate sections) machine has many identical sections (a section frame in which and on which several section mechanisms are installed), each of which contains a workpiece station that receives one or more drops of molten glass and forms blanks from them that have a throat bottom a hole (throat), and a blowing station receiving blanks and forming bottles from them, standing upright with the throat up. The mechanism of turning and holding the neck ring, which contains a pair of opposing levers that can rotate around the tipping axis, transfers the workpieces from the workpiece station to the blowing station, while tilting the workpieces from the throat position down to the throat up position. A bottle molded at the blow station is removed from the section using a discharge mechanism.

 The productivity of the machines was increased by increasing the speed of the sectional machine (the duration of the cycle of the section), increasing the number of drops of molten glass processed by one section, from one to two, three, and even four drops and increasing the number of sections. These improvements were made without significantly increasing the width of the section. This was significant, since the number of bottles produced per unit of time at a given machine width, i.e. effective performance. This means that if the improvement would increase the width of a six-section machine to the width of a standard ten-section machine with constant speed of the machine and the throughput of each section, then the effective productivity would be reduced by 40%.

 The blank station contains the opposite pairs of molds for the blanks, and the blow station contains the opposite pairs of blow molds. These forms are arranged to move between open (divided) and closed positions. Opposite pairs of forms in the form of neck rings carried (supported near their upper parts) by the mechanism of turning and holding the neck ring define the neck of the bottle and hold the molded workpiece as it moves from the workpiece station to the blow station.

 According to US Pat. No. 1,843,159, preforms and blasting molds are supported on inserts mounted on opposing load-bearing elements that are rotatable about a common axis in front of the molds (front-to-back movement is determined by the movement of the blank from blanks into blowing molds). Both the support mechanism for blanks and the support mechanism for blow molds are driven by a linear motor (hydraulic or air motor). The linear motor of the support mechanism for the workpiece molds is mounted in front of the axis of rotation of this mechanism and protrudes horizontally outward from the front side of the section frame, and a pair of levers connect the output of the workstation station motor to the workpiece support mechanism. The linear motor of the support mechanism for the workpiece molds is mounted vertically on the side of the pivot axis (these mechanisms are usually called a mechanism for opening and closing molds in any area). An improvement of such an initial sectional machine led to the creation of a machine in which engines (hydraulic or pneumatic engines, or rotary engines) are located below the molds, and each engine is connected to the corresponding pair of supporting elements of the molds through gears extending vertically from the bottom of the section in front or behind a pair of support mechanisms for forms (see US patents 4362544 and 4427431). The drive linkages exerted torsional forces through the load-bearing elements, which was undesirable. In addition, it was necessary to design drive linkages for specific configurations of molds, and when moving from one drop configuration to another, it was usually necessary to replace the entire linkage gear, as well as the support mechanism for the molds. In such machines, the mechanism for moving the plugs and the mechanism for moving the funnels should be located on the side of the section near its middle, which complicates the maintenance of these mechanisms and often requires switching off adjacent sections. In such mechanisms of opening and closing molds, nothing fixes the mold in the desired closed position of the mold during the manufacture of the preform, and as a result, the half-molds can be expanded to form an enlarged vertical seam in the preform and, therefore, in the finished bottle. To prevent this, linkages were designed to prevent the molds from opening in their closed position (see US Pat. No. 5,019,147).

 A variation of the sectional machine described in US Pat. No. 4,070,174 is called A.I.S. In this machine, which is currently commercially available, pairs of support mechanisms for the molds are mounted with the possibility of axial rather than rotational movement and are driven in the usual way by motors. The machine, which is the development of a sectional machine, is a machine of the I.T.F. type, which is described in US Pat. In this machine, a vertically extending linear motor located directly below the center of the molds was the engine for the pairs of mold holders for blanks and blast molds. This machine also carried out axial movement of half-molds for workpieces and blast half-molds.

 Such mechanisms for opening and closing molds are extremely complex, they contain a very large number of parts specially designed for a specific machine configuration and occupying most of the frame or section body. This leads to a very high cost of these mechanisms and often often requires reassembly of the machine due to the replacement of the entire mechanism in order to change the configuration of the machine. In addition, it is very difficult to complete the section mechanisms with the necessary pipelines. It is necessary to supply process air to pipelines located at the front, rear or at the top of the section frame, which leads to a very large increase in the cost of pipelines. Moreover, sectional machines have the disadvantage that the increase in size due to heating on the workpiece side occurs in the direction towards the axis of the mechanism of turning and holding the neck ring, while the increase in size due to heating on the blowing side occurs in the direction from the axis of the mechanism turning and holding the throat ring. Finally, the applied force will not be transmitted directly to the inserts that support the forms, since the supporting element supporting the inserts is in the way of the application of force, and as a result of this, the inserts can undergo torsional forces during application of the load during the closing of the forms.

 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanism for opening and closing forms, which will have only part of the number of parts and occupy only part of the space in the frame section of a conventional mechanism for opening and closing forms.

Other objectives and advantages of the present invention follow from the following description and the accompanying drawings, illustrating the currently preferred embodiment of the invention, including all its principles. The drawings show:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a sectional machine having a series of identical sections, each of which contains a blank station and a blow station;
- FIG. 2 - oblique projection of one of the sections, schematically showing the mechanism for opening and closing forms;
- FIG. 3 is an oblique projection illustrating the relationship of one of the supporting mechanisms of the shapes of FIG. 2 with screw drive device;
- FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the screw drive device of FIG. 3;
- fiig. 5 is a front view of the screw drive device of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 - oblique projection of the transmission housing separately from the support;
- FIG. 7 is an oblique projection illustrating how the mold support mechanism is supported for linear movement in a direction perpendicular to the clamp plane;
- FIG. 8 is an oblique projection of the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings for feeding blanks from blanks to blow molds;
- FIG. 9 is a view similar to that of FIG. 7 illustrating a second method of mounting the mold support mechanism for linear movement;
- FIG. 10 is a view similar to that of FIG. 6 illustrating the construction of a transmission housing for the embodiment of FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a portion of the mold support mechanism of FIG. 9, illustrating how one of the round shafts can compensate for thermal expansion;
- FIG. 12 is an oblique projection illustrating a shield for a lead screw and a transmission;
- FIG. 13 is an oblique projection illustrating a bed of a sectional machine on which its individual sections are mounted;
- FIG. 14 is an oblique projection of a portion of a machine bed;
- FIG. 15 is a first embodiment of an electronic block diagram of a drive of a mechanism for opening and closing molds;
- FIG. 15A is an alternative embodiment of an electronic block diagram of a drive for opening and closing molds;
- FIG. 16 is a first flowchart illustrating an algorithm for controlling a mechanism for opening and closing forms;
- FIG. 16A is a second flowchart illustrating an alternative algorithm for controlling a mechanism for opening and closing forms;
- FIG. 17 is an oblique projection of the end face of the workpiece station of a separate section of the machine, illustrating the mechanism for moving the plugs mounted on the upper wall and in the corner of the section frame;
- FIG. 18 is a side view of the drive portion of the plug movement mechanism of FIG. 17;
- FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a plug in position above a mold for blanks of a sectional machine;
- FIG. 20 is a view similar to that of FIG. 19 illustrating engagement of the plug and the preform in the first position;
- FIG. 21 is a view similar to that of FIG. 19, illustrating engagement of the plug and the preform in the second position;
- FIG. 22 - oblique projection of the stub;
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating control of a stub movement mechanism;
- FIG. 24 is a view similar to that of FIG. 17 illustrating a funnel movement mechanism mounted on a section frame;
- FIG. 25 is an oblique view of an alternative embodiment of a mechanism for turning and holding the neck rings when used with the mold opening and closing mechanism of FIG. 9 and 10;
- FIG. 26 is a view along arrows 26-26 in FIG. 25;
- FIG. 27 is a view along the axis of the connection of the worm gear housing and the motor housing;
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a flipping algorithm;
- FIG. 29 is a flowchart illustrating a neck opening opening algorithm;
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating a reset algorithm;
- FIG. 31 is an oblique view of the plunger mechanism of the workpiece station, shown partially in FIG. 17;
- FIG. 32 - oblique projection of the plunger body;
- FIG. 33 - oblique projection of the plunger mounting plate;
- FIG. 34 is an oblique exploded view illustrating the connection of the first four pipelines leading to the bottom of the plunger distribution base;
- FIG. 35 is an oblique projection of the front surface of the junction box;
- FIG. 36 is an oblique projection of the upper surface of the junction box;
- FIG. 37 - oblique projection of the upper and frontal surfaces of the plunger distribution base;
- FIG. 38 - oblique projection of the plunger adapter plate;
- FIG. 38A is a view similar to that of FIG. 38 showing an alternative embodiment of a plunger adapter plate;
- FIG. 39 is a view similar to that of FIG. 31 illustrating an alternative embodiment of a mounting plate;
- FIG. 40 is an oblique projection of a throat ring holder with an alternative configuration;
- FIG. 41 is a side view of a first mounting unit illustrating a first half-mold resting on an insert of a mold support;
- FIG. 42 is a side view of a second mounting assembly illustrating a second half-mold resting on an insert of a mold support;
- FIG. 43 is a side view of a third mounting assembly illustrating a third half-mold resting on an insert of a mold support;
- FIG. 44 is a schematic side view illustrating a mold for blanks with a support in a blank station and a blow mold with a support in a corresponding blowing station;
- FIG. 45 is an oblique projection of a discharge mechanism made in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 46 is a schematic view of the movement of the unloading arm of the unloading mechanism of FIG. 45;
- FIG. 47 is a flowchart illustrating a shift algorithm "Z" for the control device of the discharge mechanism.

 Sectional machine 10 includes a plurality (usually 6, 8, 10, or 12) of sections 11. A typical section is made of a box-shaped frame or section box 11A (FIG. 2), in which section mechanisms are located. Each section has a blank station, including a mechanism for opening and closing molds, in which molds are installed for blanks that take discrete drops of molten glass and form blanks from them, and a blow station, including a mechanism 13 for opening - opening and closing molds, in which blast forms that take preforms and form bottles from preforms. One, two, three or four drops can be processed in each section, and each cycle and machine are called single-drop, double-drop, three-drop (shown embodiment of the invention) or four-drop machine depending on the number of drops processed simultaneously in each section during one cycle . Molded bottles are discharged from the blowing station using a discharge mechanism (FIG. 40) and transferred to a take-up table 14 and then moved using a pushing mechanism (not shown) to a conveyor 15 that takes the bottles away from the machine. The front side of the machine (or section) is the side remote from the conveyor, the back side of the machine is the side adjacent to the conveyor, and the sides of the machine or sections extend perpendicular to the conveyor. Side-to-side movement is movement parallel to the conveyor.

 In FIG. 2 shows a portion of a section 11 of a three-droplet machine according to the present invention, schematically showing any molding station. Section 11 comprises a section frame 11A made generally in the form of a box having an upper wall 134 with an upper surface 94 and side walls 132. Each mold opening and closing mechanism includes an opposite pair of mold supporting mechanisms 16. Each mold supporting mechanism is connected to and is driven by a drive unit comprising a transmission 18 converting rotational motion into linear, mounted on the upper surface of the section frame 11A and driven by a drive system 19 having a rotational motion output To move connected thereto support mechanism 16 forms linearly in the lateral direction between a retracted position and an extended divided forward position in which the mold halves mounted on opposite pairs of mold support mechanisms, interact frictionally. The mold support mechanisms for the blank station are identical and the mold support mechanisms for the blow station are identical, however, the mold support mechanism at one station may differ in size from the mold support mechanism of another station, due to differences in the process that are well known to those skilled in the art. Since the machine shown is a three-droplet machine, each supporting mechanism of the molds at the workpiece station and at the blowing station supports three half-molds 17 (molds for blanks or blow molds).

 The following is a description of the connection of the mold support mechanism with its drive and means for moving the mold mechanism between a forward, separated position and a retracted position with reference to FIG. 3, 4, 5. In FIG. 4 and 5 show only the support mechanism of the molds, which supports a mechanism connected to only one section, while in FIG. Figure 6 shows an alternative housing that supports two mold support mechanisms if two sections are adjacent, and only one mechanism if the sections are not adjacent to each other. The drive system 19 comprises a servomotor 66 (with any gearbox and / or direction changing means) having a rotational motion output in the form of a spindle 67 (Fig. 4), which is connected to a lead screw 70 (for example, a ball screw or an Akme type), which has an upper segment with a right-hand thread and a lower segment with a left-hand thread connected by a coupling 68. The lead screw 70 is supported by the housing 90. The lead screw is supported by its ends in the housing 90 in an upright position on suitable nodes 99 of single-row angular contact or radial up ball bearings with two inner rings. The casing has a base 93, which is mounted on the upper surface 94A, 94B (Fig. 6) of the frames of two adjacent sections (the upper wall of the section is extended outward to support the casing if there is no adjacent section) using suitable screws 95 opposite the side walls 96, which include reinforcing ribs 97 and a removable upper part 98. The lead screw is connected to the transmission of converting rotational motion to linear, which includes a nut device, operatively connected with the screw, comprising a lower nut 72 with a left-hand thread and an upper nut 74 with right-hand thread, located on the lead screw. The transmission of converting rotational motion to linear additionally contains means for connecting nuts 72, 74 to the mold support mechanism, comprising a first pair of lifting arms 76 connected at one end to an upper nut 74, and a second pair of lifting arms 78 connected at one end to a lower nut 72 and a clamp 82 having a horizontal hole 91 for mounting a transverse, horizontal rotary shaft 80, to which the other ends of the lifting arms 76, 78 are rotatably connected (using sleeve or shoulder beams W evidence to extend service life). The clamp 82 also has a vertical hole 92, in which a vertical rotary shaft 27 of the mold support mechanism is mounted for rotation. Rotation of the lead screw 70 in one direction, respectively, moves the mold support mechanism in the direction of the opposite mold support mechanism and vice versa. You can see that the lifting levers 76 and 78 provide a lever-crank clutch that is moved between the extended and shifted positions and acting horizontally between the body 90 and the support mechanism of the forms.

 Each support mechanism of the molds has a supporting element 30 and upper and lower inserts 24, on which the molds are supported and which are supported by the supporting element 30 through a shaft 27, which passes through vertical holes in the supporting element 30, inserts 24 and the clamp 82. The clamp 82 is located in pocket 101 of the bearing element 30. As follows from the drawings, the lead screw is mounted vertically and near the support mechanism of the forms and transmission of converting rotational motion to linear, which connects the output of the rotational motion of the servomotor (running INTA) and the mold support mechanism is compact and is situated between the spindle and the mold support mechanism 134 on top of the upper wall section. The transmission of converting rotational motion to linear is located completely above the upper part of the section frame and transfers the force to the mold support mechanism through the clamp approximately in the center (vertically and horizontally) of the mold support mechanism (vertically: the axis of the horizontal shaft 80 is located in the middle between the upper insert 24 and the lower insert 24 and, horizontally: the axis of the vertical shaft 27 is located in the center of mass of the bearing element 30 (and inserts 24)). The force that is transmitted directly from the vertical shaft 27 to the upper and lower inserts 24 is in a plane that runs perpendicular to the plane of the mold connection and intersects the middle of the molds (the middle of the central mold or in the middle between the mold centers if an even number of molds are used). The direction of this force is perpendicular to the plane of connection of the opposite half-molds (compression plane), and since the inserts 24 and the clamp 82 are pivotally mounted on the vertical rotary shaft 27, and the horizontal rotary shaft 80, which is connected to hinged levers, then the insert 24 is not affected by torsional forces when a compressive force is applied. The force applied by the transmission of the conversion of rotational motion to linear is transmitted, respectively, directly to the inserts 24 - the bearing element 30 is not on the line of action of the compressive force.

 Each nut 72, 74 contains a flat rear bearing surface 84, which is connected to a flat elongated vertical machined supporting surface 86, made on the rear wall 88 of the (cast) transmission housing 90. When the support mechanism of the forms is retracted to its original position, the gap (clearance) of a given size separates the rear support surface of the nuts 72, 74 from the vertical support surface 86 made on the rear wall. The lead screw is made with such rigidity that when the supporting mechanisms of the molds move forward to bring the half-forms resting on them into a compressed interaction and the desired force is applied to them, the lead screw 70 is deflected enough to bring the bearing surfaces 84 of the nuts into contact with the wall supporting surface 86. The lead screw housing 90 has sufficient rigidity to allow this force to be applied, and the removable upper part 98 may be adjusted before fixing to provide the desired clearance between the nut bearing surface and the wall bearing surface. The half-molds, supporting mechanisms of the forms, opposite transmissions and the housing 90 form, respectively, a truss (made of triangular structures) mounted above the upper surface of the section frame to prevent both vertical movement (the truss, respectively, isolates the supporting shafts from the downward load) and lateral (horizontal) separation of half-forms under the action of vertical forces applied during the molding process. To ensure lubrication of the bearing surfaces 84, 86, an oil groove 100 may be provided in the rear wall of the surface 86, and oil may be supplied to this groove through suitable channels passing through the lead screw body 90. To minimize friction, the treated surface can be saturated with solid lubricant. To provide greater strength, the lead screw housing 90 (FIG. 6) can be doubled so that the lead screws of adjacent sections can be supported on it, which are connected to transmissions converting rotational motion to linear of these neighboring sections.

 Each insert 24 (Fig. 7) contains a first part 26, which is mounted to rotate around a vertical rotary shaft 27 and on which one of the half-forms rests, and a second part 28, on which two other half-forms rest, and which is connected through an articulated pin 29 with the first part 26 in place, which provides uniform application of force to each form. The rotary shaft 27 with a sliding fit passes down through the first part 26 of the upper insert 24, through the upper wall 30A of the carrier 30, through the transmission clamp 82, through the lower wall 30B of the carrier 30 and, finally, through the first part 26 of the lower insert 24. A pair of fingers 31, which extend downward through the upper insert 24, through the carrier 30 and through the lower insert 24, has a predetermined clearance value with respect to the parts of the insert to limit the desired movement of the first and second parts 26, 28 of the inserts.

 The supporting mechanisms of the molds, as will be explained below, are mounted for sliding movement on two parallel shafts 40, 50. The bearing element 30, which extends in a direction parallel to the compression plane, has an external one (remote from the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings - Fig. 8) mounting flange 32. The mounting flange is secured by suitable fastening means 34 on a block 35, which has a suitable cutout 38 for accommodating the flange and has a flat horizontal supporting surface 36 for movement along a horizontal supporting surface (path) 41, made on a shaft 40, which has a square section and is part of the bracket 42, which is mounted on the frame of the section near one end (bracket 42 can optionally be made as part of the housing of another mechanism). A wiper (not shown) keeps the surface clean and lubricant can be supplied to the unit so that the bearing surfaces can be lubricated. The inner (closest to the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings) end of the supporting element 30 is connected by suitable fastening means 34 to the L-shaped block 46, which is made integrally with the support block 48 and has a cylindrical bearing surface that slides along the cylindrical bearing surface of the shaft 50.

The mechanism 110 of turning and holding the neck rings (Fig. 8) is mounted on the upper surface of the section frame between the workpiece station and the blow station. This mechanism has a pair of opposing neck ring holders 112 that can be moved from the divided position to the illustrated closed position using suitable, horizontally positioned pneumatic cylinders 114. Opposed pairs of neck ring halves 115 rest on these neck ring holders, which cover the bottom of the workpiece molds when the half-molds are closed, and which, when the neck rings are closed, form the throat (thread) 116 of the workpiece or the finished bottle. When the throat is formed, the neck ring holders 112 are rotated 180 ^° by the turning and holding mechanism of the neck rings by turning on the servomotor 108 to rotate the drive shaft in the form of a worm (not shown) installed in the worm housing 118, which rotates the worm gear, which is installed in suitable worm gear housing 120. Cylinders 114 of the mechanism for turning and holding the neck rings are suitably mounted between opposing vertical calipers or crossbars 122 and the worm gear housing. The vertical casing 118 of the worm and the cross member 122 of rotation are fixed on the upper surface of the frame section.

 As shown in FIG. 8, a circular shaft 50 from the side of the opening and closing mechanism of the blank shapes, which is located near the turning and holding mechanism of the neck rings, rests on both ends of the opposite turning cross members 122. The round shaft from the side of the opening and closing mechanism of the blow forms is two parts 50A, 50B of the round shaft. These shafts are mounted coaxially and each is supported at one end by a turning cross member 122 and at the other end by a vertical worm housing 118. Square shafts 40 allow the carrier at both the blank station and the blow station to expand with increasing temperature in one direction away from the axis of rotation (center of section).

 Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9-11, two circular shafts 50C can be mounted directly on the bearing member 30. The free ends of these shafts are slidingly supported by suitable bearings 170 (FIG. 10) located inside suitable holes 171 in a pair of mounting blocks 172 made integrally with the housing 90 lead screw. Each mounting block has a pair of supports 170 located at a distance from each other vertically to accommodate the circular shafts 50C of the supporting mechanisms of the shapes of adjacent sections. Each pair of round shafts connected to a specific section (one upper and one lower) are located at an equal vertical distance below and above the axis of the horizontal rotary shaft 80 of the clamp. Since the thermal expansion of the drive housing is not as large as the thermal expansion of the carrier 30, a compensation mechanism is built into the carrier, so that the carrier at both the blank station and the blow station will expand with increasing temperature in the same direction from the center ( turning axis) sections. As shown in FIG. 11, a screw 174 connects to each other a key 176 on one side of the carrier 30, which is mounted to slide horizontally in an elongated horizontal keyway 177, with an outer circular shaft 50C on the other side of the carrier. The holes 178, 179 in the bearing element through which the round shaft and the screw pass have sufficient clearance to allow horizontal sliding of the key (relative to) its keyway, allowing this round shaft to maintain parallelism with the other round shaft in the range of ambient temperature.

 As in the embodiment of FIG. 8, and in the embodiment of FIG. 9 and 10, each load-bearing element rests on a round shaft located between the turning axis and the center of the mold opening and closing mechanism, while on the other side of the center of the mold opening and closing mechanism, it rests on a shaft that can compensate for the expansion caused by heating in side of the axis of the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings. This means that thermal expansion both at the blowing station and at the workpiece station occurs in the same direction (towards the side of the turning mechanism and holding the neck rings away from the axis of the mechanism). This has never been achieved before. In all known sectional machines, the expansion on the side of the workpieces occurs in the direction of the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings, while the expansion on the side of the blowing occurs in the direction from the mechanism of turning and holding the neck rings. In this regard, expansion at the workpiece and blowing stations always takes place in the same direction, since the neck ring holder allows a better alignment of the machine.

 In FIG. 12 shows a shield structure for one of the lead screw housings. As shown, the carrier is fully retracted. The flap has a front inclined wall 52, which has the same length with the upper part of the carrier 30 and which is connected to the rear upper edge of the carrier by a hinge 53. The flap also has sides 54 that are integral with the inclined top with a connection along each edge 56 top. Each side has a vertical portion 57 that covers the end of the carrier in a retracted position. The flap control in the form of a leaf 58 is connected to the leading edge of the upper part 98 by a hinge 60 and is located inside opposed inwardly protruding brackets 61 connected to the inclined front wall 52 of the flap. In the retracted position, the upper edge of the flap is near the hinge 60. When the carrier is moved forward, the upper part of the flap (and the flap) become less inclined and the flap and the upper part are moved relative to each other to adapt to this displacement.

 Since the transmissions of the mechanisms for opening and closing the molds are located above the upper wall of the section frame and the transmissions are driven by electronically controlled engines, which are installed, as shown, passing down from the upper wall of the section frame, the floor part of the section frame, which is usually filled with these engines (pneumatic cylinders) and transmissions (connections), it becomes free. The frames 11A of the machine (there may be 6, 8, 10, etc.) are mounted on the machine frame, which is formed by a series of two-section bases 130 (Fig. 13), which are connected together. Each two-section base 130 has side walls 132 and an upper wall 134. The two-section base has channels extending continuously from one side to the other side of the base through rectangular openings 136 in the side walls 132 of the base, which are separated by a side wall rib 137, to accommodate a plurality of (eight in a preferred embodiment) of seamless square fluid lines 138 that extend across the entire width of the machine. If necessary, compressed air is supplied through pipelines for pneumatic means, cooling air, air necessary for carrying out the process, lubrication and vacuum necessary for carrying out the process, etc. The upper wall 134 has openings 140 for the workpiece station and openings 142 for the blow station, through which there is access to these pipes 138 inside each frame of the section. Cables and wires of the section pass under the pipelines for fluids in suitable pipes and exit through the space between the groups of pipelines and through mounting holes 145 made in the upper wall 134 of the base for connection with individual mechanisms.

 Pipelines 138, which extend from one end of the machine to the other and which are connected to respective sources, are detachably connected to each base for two sections using a clamping device (FIG. 14), which has an I-section beam 147 that extends beneath all the pipelines, and a lever-crank device 148 on the front and rear walls of the base, which is connected between the I-beam and the upper wall of the base. Each lever-crank device has a crank lever drive screw 149, which has an interacting head 151 and which enters pipelines 138 through suitable holes 153 in the base. The rotation of the screw in one direction pushes the pipelines toward the ribs 137 of the side wall and lifts them up to interact with the force with the rib 143, which protrudes downward from the upper wall 134 of the base for two sections. If it is necessary to remove one of the pipelines and replace it, for example, with two pipelines, then the clamping mechanism of the pipelines can be released by rotating the interacting head of the lever-crank device in the opposite direction, so that the pipeline can be easily removed and replaced with several pipelines located side by side (pipelines can be added or removed to achieve the desired number of pipelines).

 As shown in FIG. 15 and 16, each motor of the mold opening and closing mechanism works in the usual way when feedback signals are supplied to the motion control controller, which controls the servo amplifiers that drive the motors (servomotors). As shown, the motors are electronically connected to each other. The engine / encoder 1 (master) M1 / 154 executes the driving signals of the cyclic position control device 150 of the motion control device 155. The signal from the position feedback processor 152 of the motion control controller, which receives the digital feedback signal from the encoding part of the motor / encoder 1, is supplied to the summing circuit 156. The summing circuit outputs a digital signal from the output of the control signal processor 158, which is supplied to an amplifier 160, which drives the engine / encoder 1. The cyclic positional control device for the position of the motion control controller receives a signal from the summing circuit 156, which is converted into a request signal and transmitted to the second summing circuit 161, which also receives a signal from the position feedback processor 166, which receives a digital feedback signal from the encoding part of the engine / encoder 2 (M2 / 168) and generates a digital signal at the output. This signal is converted by the control signal processor 159 of the second amplifier, which provides a signal to the second amplifier 162, which drives the motor / encoder 2 (slave) 168.

It is possible to determine the magnitude of the dilution of half-forms in the position when the supporting elements of the forms are completely retracted (each is in the initial position), and half of this distance is an ideal central point for moving the forms. The initial program step of the cyclic position control program 150 is to determine a movement profile that will drive the motors (M1 M2) that are electronically connected to each other to move the shapes associated with these motors to this ideal center point. In order to verify that the movement of both load-bearing elements has been completed, the speed of each engine is measured, and if the speed of one engine (M1) and the speed of the other engine (M2) are equal to zero, the next program step begins when the cyclic position control program generates a speed profile, which drives both engines at a very low speed (V _s ) - this can be any command that will start the engines. When the actual speed of each engine again becomes equal to zero, a decision is made to check that the actual final position of the carrier element is within the permissible error (+/- "X" from the ideal center point). An encoder connected to each motor provides data by which the actual end position can be determined. If the supporting elements of the forms are located correctly, then the third step of the program is carried out, which consists in the operation of each engine for applying the selected moment value for a given period of time ("T1"), which can be entered through a computer. This time period is a period of time during which the half-molds must be compressed together. When this time ends, then each carrier element forms returns to the zero or initial position. As shown, to return the supporting mechanisms of the molds to their original position, each motor is driven at a low speed -VS, where the minus sign indicates rotation in the opposite direction (which can be set - the arrow indicates the input of the computer) for a limited period time T2 (which can also be set - the arrow indicates the input of the computer) for “breaking” the forms before returning the form holders to their zero position at high speed -VR (open profile - a segment of constant acceleration, for example, is replaced a segment of constant deceleration ending in the initial position).

 A second control algorithm for two servomotors is shown in FIG. 15A. In this embodiment, the motion control controller includes a cyclic position control software for each motor. Engines, respectively, are not electronically connected to each other. As shown in FIG. 16A, each motor is simultaneously driven to move the associated mold holder according to a predetermined feed profile (travel / speed / acceleration profile) to an ideal central position (half the total distance plus a selected distance that brings the opposing mold holders in contact and thereby to the stop). The fact that the two mold holders have stopped is checked (an error signal can be monitored) and the actual position of each mold holder is determined and compared with the ideal average position. If the actual position of each holder is within +/- X of the ideal mid-position, then the feed can be accepted (accepted). If this is not the case, an error signal is generated. The actual midpoint is determined (the total distance traveled by both form holders divided by two) and the new ideal midpoint is determined. If one form holder has moved farther than the other holder (larger than the allowable difference), the control device determines the scale factor for each feed profile for one of the motors, which will either accelerate the movement or slow down the movement to reduce the difference in the distances traveled by the two holders forms. Then, the control device applies the necessary moment to the motors and continues execution of the program shown in FIG. 16.

 In FIG. 17 shows a mechanism for moving plugs 180 mounted on an upper wall 134 of a section frame 11A. The support arm 182, on which three plugs 184 are mounted (the mechanism for moving the plugs is shown schematically since there are many special designs), is connected to the vertical drive rod 186. This drive rod rises and rotates at the uppermost part of its lift, so that the plugs can be moved between raised, retreated position and lowered, advanced forward position, where the caps are on top of the blanks. This combined movement is carried out using a servomotor 188 (Fig. 18), which has a rotational motion output 190, which is connected via a coupling 192 to a screw 194. The screw is threadedly connected to a nut 196, which is mounted for free rotation within the corresponding hole 198 in cam housing 199. A cam interacting device in the form of a roller 202 moves along a drum cam formed in a cam housing wall 206. A vertical drive rod 186 is mounted at the top of the nut. As shown in FIG. 17, the cam housing has a base 208 that is bolted to the upper wall 134 of the section frame 11A in the front corner of the section frame formed by the side wall 132 and the front wall 135. In the forward position, the axis of the plugs are aligned with the axes of the closed blanks and at the top of the blanks. When the cam is actuated, the plugs are first partially lifted from the blanks and then, when the plugs are lifted the rest of the way up, the plugs are offset from the center of the blanks, so that the mechanism for turning and holding the neck rings can move the molded blanks into blow molds. The mechanism for moving the plugs can be located in the front of the frame of the section at any angle and, unlike conventional mechanisms for moving the plugs, the fully raised and retracted guide lever can be located completely inside the section, as shown in FIG. 17, and not overlap the adjacent section.

The plug has a housing 248 (Fig. 19), which includes
made in the form of a bowl part 250, having an annular inclined sealing surface 252, passing around its open bottom for interaction with and sealing the corresponding surface 254 at the top of the open form for the workpiece. The housing 248 also includes a vertical tubular sleeve 256, which forms a cylindrical supporting surface 258 for slidingly sliding the rod 260 of the piston element 262. The cylindrical head 264 of the piston element 262 has an annular sealing surface 265, which is mounted for sliding movement inside the hole 266 of the cup portion 250 A spring 268, which is located around the vertical tubular sleeve 256, is compressed between a shoulder 270, which is detachably connected to the support arm and which is connected Piston rod 260 and with the top of the bowl portion 250, for holding the upper surface of the cylindrical head 264 in cooperation with the adjacent surface of the bowl portion, when the cap is separated from the mold for the preform.

 When the plug is lowered onto the preform, as shown in FIG. 20, the control device (Fig. 23) moves the shoulder 270 downward until the top of the shoulder is located at a first distance D1 from the upper surface 272 of the mold for the workpiece, where the cylindrical head is lowered relative to the cup-shaped part, to form the desired clearance "X" between the lower annular surface 274 of the cylindrical head of the piston and the upper surface of the mold for the workpiece (the cylindrical head has moved relative to the cup-shaped part by a distance "Y" vertically). This creates the desired compression force between the piston element and the workpiece mold to provide the desired seal between the contacting inclined annular surfaces 252, 254. Now, the compression mold is fed into the workpiece mold through a central hole 276 in the piston rod, which passes through a plurality of radially extending holes 278 into the cylindrical head into the corresponding plurality of vertical holes 280 and through the annular gap between the annular lower surface 281 of the cylindrical head and the upper surface Strongly 272 of the preforms into the mold for the preforms (suitable holes 282 which connect the interior of the housing with the atmosphere, provide smooth movement of the head relative to the cylindrical housing). When the crimp blast is completed and the drop is molded into the workpiece, the bead is moved until the top of the bead is at a second distance D2 from the upper surface 272 of the workpiece mold. This leads to the fact that the lower annular surface 281 of the cylindrical head with force interacts with the upper surface 272 of the mold for blanks to close the mold for blanks. After the preform is formed (forced to fill the inner cavity formed by the inner surface of the preform and the lower surface of the cylindrical head), air can exit through a plurality (four in the preferred embodiment) of small slots 286 made in the lower annular surface 281 of the cylindrical head (FIG. 22), into the vertical openings 280, through the radial openings 278 into the opening 276 in the piston rod and out through the now open outlet openings 290 into the space between the top of the piston and the cup by a sharp part 250 and through ventilation openings 282.

 If a mechanism 210 is needed to move the funnels, it can be mounted on another front corner. As shown in FIG. 24, the mechanisms for moving the plugs and funnels are identical except for the direction of the drum cam and with the exception that the funnel carrier 212 is mounted on another drive rod. The funnel movement mechanism, as well as the mechanism for moving the plugs, can always be installed within its own section.

In FIG. 25 shows an alternative embodiment of the mechanism 110 for turning and holding the neck rings. As shown, this mechanism for turning and holding the neck rings can be used with the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 8-10. The end of each throat ring holder adjacent to the worm gear housing 120 ends with a slotted support bracket 113, which is slidably mounted on the key end 109 of the support bracket 117 connected to the turning cylinder 114. The annular outer end 119 of the cylinder 114 (FIG. 26) slides inside the corresponding annular groove 121 in the upper part of the corresponding side bracket 122A. The threaded end 123 of the proximity switch or sensor 124 is screwed into the corresponding hole 125 in the side bracket and secured with a nut 26 in a place where it can determine the position of the cylinder in its fully inserted position (neck ring holder retracted). The proximity switch cable 128 runs down through an opening (not shown) in the side bracket, and the proximity switch is protected by a casing 129. An additional pair of proximity switches 124A (FIG. 127) is mounted on the bracket 131, which is mounted on the worm housing 118. These proximity switches are located under the worm gear housing 120, each opposite one of the cylinders. A semicircular target 133 is attached to the end of each cylinder near the worm gear housing, which actuates the corresponding one of these proximity switches when this cylinder is moved to the opposite position of the worm gear from the position where the neck ring holder has a first orientation in which the neck ring halves carried by the holder of the neck rings are located on the upper part of the plunger mechanism (the initial position of turning 180 ^o ) in the position of the second orientation (about 180 ^o from first orientation), in which the halves of the throat ring hold the workpieces at the blowing station (end position of turning 0 ^o ). In the following concepts, the neck ring is closed and the neck ring is openly used to describe the position of the neck ring holder / bracket / cylinder and the control is described with respect to one neck ring holder, however the other neck ring holder is controlled in the same way. Since the servomotor 108 has an encoder that generates a position feedback signal, the angular position of the neck ring holder is known throughout its angular movement.

Depicted in FIG. 28, the algorithm identifies operational problems during rolling. The state of the closed throat ring sensor 124A is constantly monitored when the flip servomotor 108 causes the worm to rotate the gear and move the throat ring from the flipping initial position (180 ^o ) to the flipping end position (0 ^o ). If the throat ring does not reach its closed position at the end of this movement of 180 ^o , an alarm is transmitted. This signal can either stop the cycle, or initiate any desired smaller action.

 The algorithm depicted in FIG. 29 ensures that the arrival time of the neck ring to the open position remains constant. The throat ring cylinder is actuated at a predetermined point in time during the cycle (time T) to move the throat ring from the closed position, fixed by the sensor 124A on the transmission housing, to the open position, fixed by the sensor 124 on the end bracket. The time between these two signals is denoted by "ΔT" and compared with the ideal time difference (the initial time difference), and the time shift ("T"), which is the difference between the actual and ideal time difference, is transmitted to the control device, which drives the throat ring cylinder. If the time shift "T" becomes excessively large or unstable, an alarm is issued to perform any desired actions resulting from stopping the cycle, as well as to the operator, signaling the need for maintenance work.

In FIG. 30 depicts a return algorithm. The throat rings are opened at the blowing station to release the entire bottle, and before turning the lever 180 ^° to the workpiece station, the control device must check that the throat ring is in the open position. If the result of the test is positive, the overturning servomotor is driven to perform the desired angular movement. At the selected angle of rotation (Θ1 ideal), the control device drives the neck ring cylinder to move the cylinder (neck ring) from the open position to the closed position. Such an action is limited by the limiting conditions, including the limiting condition that Θ1 must be greater than X ^o , and that the movement of the neck ring must be completed at Y ^o . X, Y and Θ1 can be set separately. The control device determines the actual angle (Θ1 real) when the open neck ring sensor 124 is turned off, and determines the shift 1 of the angle Θ1 by subtracting Θ1 real from Θ1 ideal. This shift is applied to the controls to correct the position in which the neck ring cylinder is actuated. If this shift becomes excessive or unstable, an alarm is issued.

 The control device further monitors when the throat ring reaches the closed position by determining the angle Θ2 valid when the closed throat ring sensor 124A detects the throat ring. The cylinders are typically pneumatic cylinders and the time for pneumatically moving the cylinder from the open throat position to the closed throat position may depend on the state in which the pneumatic cylinder is. As the cylinder performance deteriorates, it may take longer to complete the desired movement, and such a slowdown may cause the moving structure (neck ring structure) to collide with blanks that would normally not be in the way of movement. The control device determines the second shift Θ1 (Θ2 ideal - Θ2 real) and makes a second angle correction when the neck ring is put into operation. When the deterioration reaches the selected angle, which requires intervention, the control device generates an appropriate signal indicating that it is necessary to carry out repairs and / or maintenance. Since each angular movement of the encoder is a function of time, these shifts can be linked to the observed time difference. These shifts confirm that cycle events occur at constant times.

 The plunger mechanism, which is part of the section blank station, is shown in FIG. 31 and 32 and includes three plunger containers 62 if the machine is a three-droplet machine. Each plunger container has an upper cylinder part 63 and a lower cylinder part 64 with plugs 65 supporting O-rings 71 with a circular cross-section, and an exhaust pipe 73 extending axially downward from the lower surface 75 of the lower cylinder to connect the plunger container with the necessary inlets (cooling the plungers , venting, moving the plungers up, down, counter-blowing / vacuum (in machines with double blowing) or cooling the plungers (in machines with pressing and blowing), lubrication, lifting separately x tips). The container may bleed air through the upper cylinder and in this case the exhaust pipe and the associated passage shown will not be needed. For a better understanding, the plunger mechanism is described below with reference to a double-blowing machine, however, where counter-blowing / vacuum is described, it should be understood that this may be cooling of the plungers in a pressing and blowing machine. At the top of each cylinder is a mounting plate or flange 77 and a tool holder 79, which has opposite clamps 81 for gripping the opposite halves of the neck ring with the neck ring holders closed. These mounting plates 77 are secured by corresponding fasteners 83 on the upper surface of the mounting block or plate 85, which has openings 87 (FIG. 33) through which the upper / lower cylinders can pass, and the mounting block is mounted on the upper surface 94 of the section frame 11 using suitable bolts 89. An installation step 69 is located on the upper part of the upper cylinder. The upper surface of the section frame has a large hole (not shown) in which plunger cartridges, one-, two- or three-drop can be installed. The upper surface 94 of the frame of the section is, respectively, the reference surface. It is preferably machined in the places where the mounting block is fixed to form a strictly horizontal installation strip. The upper surface (or the region or strip on which the flanges are mounted) and the lower surface of the mounting block are preferably machined to ensure their parallelism, and the height of the mounting block allows tool holders to be positioned at the desired height. Also, due to the fact that the cylindrical holes 87 of the mounting block accept the mating diameter of the plunger containers, the axes of these plunger containers are precisely positioned after installation. Using the mounting core and round pins (not shown) on the upper wall of the section frame and forming suitable holes in the lower surface of the mounting plate, the mounting plate is automatically installed. Since the top of the plunger container is fixed to the upper wall of the section frame, the expansion caused by heating will only slightly affect the position of the toolholders.

 The first four pipelines for the fluid passing under the side of the workpieces of the section (Fig. 34) serve to provide pneumatic functions for lowering the plungers (pipe 300 - about 3.1 bar), counter-blowing (pipe 302 - about 2-3 bar), creating a vacuum (pipe 304) and raising the plungers (pipe 306 - approximately 1.5-2.5 bar). To this end, openings 307 in the upper walls of the pipelines are connected to vertical inlets 308 in the lower surface 310 of the plunger distribution base 312 through the corresponding openings 314 in the connecting plate 316. Four pneumatic functional pipelines are supplied through the plunger distribution base to the outlets 320 on the front side 321 of the plunger distribution base. A fifth fluid conduit 301 extending beneath the lower wall of the section blank section (FIG. 34) passes compressed lubricant. Lubricant passes through a hole 303 in the upper wall of the lubrication pipe, through a hole 311 in the connecting plate and into a lubricant inlet 305 on the lower surface of the plunger distribution base, which supplies the lubricant to an outlet 309 on the front surface. Effective sealing is achieved with circular cross-section rings 318 that are compressed between each surface of the connecting plate 316 and the upper surface of the piping and the lower surface 310 of the plunger distribution base when the plunger distribution base is bolted to the bottom wall of the section frame. A transverse hole 322 is formed in the plunger distribution base to accommodate a crank 323 insulating rod (valve) 324 that can be rotated from an open position when pneumatic flows and lubricants can flow through openings 325 to the outlet openings to a closed position when these flows are blocked.

 A junction box 330 is connected to the front side 321 of the plunger distribution base (FIG. 35), which includes five inlets (320A, 309A) for supplying flows on the rear side, which are connected to the outlet openings 320 and 309 of the plunger distribution base (ring 326 with a round cross-section provide sealing). The illustrated embodiment is a three-drop configuration, which means that the blank station of each section includes three plunger containers of FIG. 32, i.e. an internal plunger container (one that is closest to the flipping and holding mechanism of the neck rings), an average plunger container and an external plunger container. Each separate inlet of the pneumatic functional pipeline (raising the plunger, vacuum, counter-blowing, lowering the plunger) and the lubrication line are divided into three outlets in the junction box, one for each of the three plunger containers. On the left side of the front side 332 of the junction box are located for the inner, middle and outer plunger containers (vertical arrows “inner container”, etc. in Fig. 35 denote vertically arranged groups of holes on the front side that belong to the corresponding container, and horizontal arrows "to the container", etc. indicate horizontal groups of holes that relate to the corresponding functional pipeline) three outlet holes 334 for lifting the plungers, which connected to one inlet for raising the plungers, three exhaust openings 336, which are connected to the exhaust, and three inlet openings 338 to the containers, which are connected to three corresponding outlet openings formed on the rear side of the junction box (not shown) that are connected with corresponding inlets 360 "raising plungers" formed on the front side 321 of the plunger distribution base (FIG. 37). The flow for each vertically arranged group of holes in this left side of the front side can be controlled by a device that can regulate pressure, such as a regulator / valve and a receiving tank (not shown for clarity), which connects the line to the container or to the functional pipeline raising the plunger, or with the exhaust. On the right side of the front side of the junction box (Fig. 35) there are also three functional vacuum outlets 340 for each inner, middle and outer plunger containers, each connected to a single vacuum inlet, three counter-blowing outlets 342, each of which connected to a single counter-blow inlet to provide a counter-blow function, three inlets 344 “to containers” that are connected to three corresponding outlet openings provided in the back wall of the junction box, which are connected to the respective counter-blowing / vacuum inlets 364 made in the front wall 321 of the plunger distribution base (FIG. 37), and three exhaust openings 346 connected to the exhaust. Here, the regulator and the valve (not shown) act in conjunction with a controlled valve (not shown) to connect the inlets to the containers, either with a vacuum, or with counter-blowing, or with an exhaust. On the right side of the upper wall 348 of the junction box (Fig. 36), there are three outlet openings 352 for lowering the plungers, which are connected to a single inlet for the function of lowering the plungers, three inlet openings 350 connected to three for the inner, middle and outer plunger containers corresponding outlet openings made in the rear wall of the junction box, which are connected to respective inlet openings 362 "lowering the plungers", made on the front side not 321 plunger distribution bases (FIG. 37), and three exhaust openings 354 that are connected to the exhaust. The flow for each vertically arranged group of holes is controlled by an individual regulator and a valve (not shown for clarity) that connect the line to the container with either the functional plunger lowering pipe or the exhaust. On the left side of the upper wall 348 of the junction box, there are three outlet openings 351 for raising tips for the inner, middle and outer plunger containers that are connected to the lowering line of the plungers, three inlets 353 “to the containers” connected to three corresponding outlet openings made in the back wall of the junction box, which are connected to the corresponding input holes 363 "lifting tips" made on the front side 321 of the plunger distribution th base (Fig. 37), and three exhaust openings 355, which are connected to the exhaust. The flow for each vertically arranged group of openings is controlled by an individual regulator and a valve (not shown for clarity) that connect the line to the container with either the functional piping for lowering the tips or the exhaust. The junction box also divides the lubrication line into three lines that supply the three lubricant inlets 313 (FIG. 37) on the front side of the plunger distribution base.

 As shown in FIG. 37, the front side of the plunger distribution base also includes a number of additional inlets 365 for additional fluid functions, such as cooling the neck ring, removing the collet shell, cooling air, opening / closing the neck ring, etc., which are connected to the corresponding pipelines in the junction box. Junction box lines can connect to outlets on the top surface of the junction box (not shown) that are connected to the corresponding outlets of an appropriate number of individual controllers and valves (not shown for clarity) that distribute air from the plunger lowering line, adjusted to the desired pressure.

 The upper surface 315 of the plunger distribution plate has three sets of outlet openings, each of which has an outlet opening 366 for raising the plungers, an outlet opening 368 for lowering the plungers, an outlet opening 370 for counter-blowing / vacuum, an outlet opening 372 for raising the tips and an outlet opening 374 for a lubricant. These outlet openings are universal (unchanged), i.e. the number of outlet sets corresponds to the maximum number of droplets processed in the section.

 For the formation of a specific configuration of the plungers (one, two or three drops) and for the formation of a certain distance between the plungers (for example, 5 1/4 ", 6" (133.35, 152.4 mm)) in the case of several plungers, adapter plate 376 (Fig. 38) is mounted on the upper surface 315 of the universal plunger distribution plate with suitable bolts 377. The adapter plate has an outlet for raising the plungers 380 for each container, an outlet for lowering the plungers 382, an outlet for counter-blowing / vacuum 384, and an outlet for a tip raising 386 and a lubricant outlet 388 in the upper surface 390 for accommodating the protruding downward connecting legs of the 65 plunger containers (a ring 71 with a circular cross-section forms a seal between the downwardly extending leg and its receiving hole - any movement of the plunger container as inside the hole its mounting plate, as well as part of the mounting plate, does not lead to the inclination of the containers, since sufficient displacement is provided by O-rings with a round m cross-section in the adapter plate holes) and the exhaust outlet plunger 392 configured to accommodate the exhaust tube corresponding plunger 73 plunger canister. Plunger exhaust openings are connected to the outlet 378.

 To change a section from one configuration to another, i.e. to change, for example, from the three-droplet configuration shown to the two-droplet, the three-droplet adapter plate shown, is removed and replaced with a two-droplet adapter plate (Fig. 38A), which closes with a seal one of the three sets of plunger outlet openings on the upper surface of the plunger distribution plate, while providing connections to the third set of holes (the plunger control mechanism must be modified so that only valves belonging to two sets of holes are activated in the adapter plate).

 To adapt to the production of bottles with significantly varying heights, the neck rings / plunger containers can be raised by approximately 70 mm. An initial adapter plate having a height H1 and a mounting plate having a thickness D1 can be replaced by a adapter plate and a mounting plate having each height increased by 70 mm (respectively, H2 in Fig. 38 and D2 in Fig. 39), and the holder the neck rings can be replaced by modified levers in which the mounting bracket 113A lifts the neck ring holder 112 by 70 mm from position P1 (FIG. 25) to position P2 (FIG. 39). A fixed stop 111 which defines the position of the mounting brackets is shown in FIG. 40.

 As shown in FIG. 41-43, a machine having a given pair of neck ring holders may use blanks having a wide range of heights to produce bottles having a wide range of heights. While the preform half-forms 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D (Figs. 41-43) and the insert can take a different shape, the connection of the preform and insert half-forms forms a fixed vertical dimension “H” between the center of rotation 434 and the upper surface 438 of the groove 436 neck rings of the half-mold for the workpiece (upper surface of the neck ring). For the neck ring holder located in position P1 (FIG. 25), the size may be, for example, 100 mm, while this size may be, for example, 30 mm if the neck ring is located in position P2 (FIG. 40) . Each preform has a hook-shaped protruding annular protrusion 440 near the bottom surface, which may have a series of annular parts or segments, and which enters a corresponding hook-shaped protruding annular protrusion 442 in the outer wall of the insert that sets the preform half-molds vertically ( the blank for workpieces is located vertically on the horizontal plane of interaction between the protruding tab of the blank for the blank and the protruding tab of the insert for supporting the mold). The half-mold can be of sufficient size, so that a stabilizing finger 442 is required, which is located vertically above the lower protrusion, which interacts with the upper protrusion 440 of the half-mold, to stabilize the shape during movement (as shown, the stabilizing finger 442 does not bear the weight of the half-mold for blanks). Since the preform half-molds are supported near the groove of the throat ring at the place where the protrusion of the mold rests on the protrusion on the mold support, essentially all expansion of the preform molds caused by heating occurs upward from this place, and any expansion downward from this place will be insignificant and will not require any adjustment of the plunger mechanism or throat ring, which is usually necessary in structures according to the prior art, when the molds for blanks are supported near the top of the mold. In addition, when using conventional blasting molds 380 (FIG. 44), which are suspended from the top on a downwardly directed annular protrusion 382 having a series of segments resting on a corresponding upwardly projecting annular protrusion on an insert of a blown-shaped support (not shown), which also can have a number of segments (in a place near the groove of the throat ring), expansion of the blow mold half-forms caused by heating also occurs in the direction from the throat (threaded part) and, thus, coincides in both sections.

 As you can see, for devices of the prior art, to move from one configuration (one-, two- or three-drop) at the same distance between the centers to the same or different configuration with an excellent distance between the centers, it is often necessary to buy another sectional machine or, essentially, rebuild an existing machine. The primary reason for this is the complex mechanisms of opening and closing forms that form various geometric dimensions. The proposed sectional machine is a machine with a universal distance between the centers. It can be changed from any desired configuration / distance between centers to any other configuration / distance between centers simply by replacing a number of parts that form the desired configuration / distance between centers; that is, by quickly replacing the form-bearing assembly of the mold opening and closing mechanism assembly, the mounting plate, adapter plate and maybe plunger containers of the plunger mechanism, neck ring holders, and at the blowing station, it is necessary, as in conventional machines, to change the mechanism cooling molds to change the configuration of the machine.

 The discharge mechanism shown in FIG. 45-47, is mounted on the upper surface 94 of the upper wall 134 of the section frame and has a discharge collet 450, which can grab and release the bottle (s) at the blowing station and which relies on the slide 452, which are moved in the direction of the X axis, which are mounted on the slide the direction of the Z axis of the housing, or the slide 454, which can be moved along the Z axis of the rack 456. The movement along the X and Z axes is controlled by servomotors 457, 458. The bottles molded at the blow station, regardless of their height, will have their throat located in a vertically fixed position (base line "Z"), and the bottom surface of the bottle can be located in different vertical positions (ZB1, ZB2) relative to this base line Z within the range of vertical height of the bottles. These bottles are captured by the discharge collet head, moved from the blowing station and placed on the receiving table 460, which can be located in different positions (ZD1, ZD2). A short bottle travels a different distance Z (Z1) than a long bottle (Z2). The unloading control device (Fig. 47) determines the displacement profile in X-Z coordinates for the unloading collet head for any Z-shift (ZB-ZD) and provides the desired displacement.

Claims (19)

 1. The mechanism for opening and closing molds for a separate section of a sectional machine having a section frame and a pair of support mechanisms for molds supported on a section frame for horizontal movement between a retracted, separated position and a forward position in which half molds are supported by mold support mechanisms interact with force with each other, comprising: a section frame including a wall having a vertical interaction surface, and means for moving one of a pair of support mechanisms for a feed from a retracted position to a forward position including a spindle supported by a section frame, a drive system connected to a spindle, a nut device operatively connected to the spindle and having a vertical interaction surface for interacting with a vertical interaction surface of the section frame wall, and means connecting the nut device and one of the supporting mechanisms for the molds for converting the movement of the nut device into the horizontal movement of one of the supporting The mechanisms for the forms.  2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead screw contains parts with left and right-hand threads, the nut device contains separate nuts with left and right-hand threads, operatively mating with parts of the lead screw with left-hand and right-hand threads, and connecting means for connecting a nut device and one of a pair of support mechanisms for a mold comprises: a first connecting means connected at one end to a nut with a right-hand thread and a second connecting tool connected at one end to a nut with a left-hand thread, ho ut and a transverse shaft supported by the yoke to connect the other end of each of the first and second connecting means with a clamp.  3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw is supported vertically.  4. A mechanism for opening and closing molds for a separate section of a sectional machine, having a section frame and a pair of support mechanisms for the molds supported on the section frame for horizontal movement between the retracted, separated position and the forward position, in which the half-molds are supported by the mold support mechanisms interacting with force with each other, comprising: means for moving one of a pair of support mechanisms from a retracted position to a forward position including a spindle, extending in the first direction and supported by the section frame, a drive system connected to the lead screw, a nut device operatively connected to the lead screw, and means connecting the nut device and one of the supporting mechanisms for molds for converting the movement of the nut device in the first direction to horizontal movement one of the supporting mechanisms for molds in the second direction.  5. The mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the section frame includes a wall having a vertical interaction surface, and the nut device has a vertical surface for interaction with a vertical interaction surface of the wall of the section frame.  6. The mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the lead screw contains parts with left and right-hand threads, the nut device contains separate nuts with left and right-hand threads, operatively connected with parts of the lead screw with left-hand and right-hand threads, and connecting means for connecting a nut device and one of a pair of support mechanisms for molds comprises: a first connecting means connected at one end with a nut with a right-hand thread, a second connecting tool connected at one end with a nut with a left-hand thread, a clamp and a horizontal shaft supported by a clamp for connecting the other end of each of the first and second connecting means to the clamp.  7. The mechanism for opening and closing molds for a separate section of a sectional machine having a section frame and first and second support mechanisms for molds supported on a section frame for horizontal movement between a separated, retracted position and a forward position in which half molds are supported by the first and the second supporting mechanisms for molds interact with force with each other, comprising: a first drive unit for moving the first support mechanism for forms and a second drive unit for moving the second support mechanism for molds, each of which contains a lead screw supported by a section frame, an engine connected to the lead screw, a nut device operatively connected to the lead screw, and connecting means connecting the nut device and the corresponding one of the support mechanisms for the molds for converting movement nut device in the horizontal movement of the associated support mechanism for forms.  8. The mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the frame of the section includes the first and second horizontally opposite walls, each of which has a vertical interaction surface, and each of the nut devices includes vertical interaction surfaces for interaction with the vertical surface of the corresponding one of the walls.  9. The mechanism according to p. 8, characterized in that the supporting surface of the rear wall and the rear supporting surfaces of the corresponding nut device have a predetermined gap between them when the support mechanism for the molds is in the retracted position and each of the lead screws has a stiffness selectively selected so that when the support mechanisms for the molds are moved to the forward position to bring the half-molds held by it into interaction with the force, the lead screws bend with the interaction between the rear support the features of each nut device and the rear bearing surface of the corresponding wall to create a rigid connection between the walls of the frame section through the supporting mechanisms for the forms.  10. The mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that the rear supporting surface of each of the walls is made flat and the rear supporting surfaces of each of the nut devices are made flat.  11. The mechanism according to p. 10, characterized in that each of the lead screws has parts with a left-hand thread and a right-hand thread, each of the nut devices includes nuts with a left-hand thread and a right-hand thread, operatively connected with the corresponding parts of the associated lead screw, and each of the connecting means includes a first connecting means connected at one end to a connected nut with a left-hand thread, a second connecting tool connected at one end to a connected nut to a right-hand thread, and a clamp for connecting the other end to OF DATA first and second connecting means with one of the support mechanisms for forms.  12. A sectional machine having a section comprising a blank station for molding a blank from a drop of molten glass in at least one pair of opposed blank half molds supported by opposing mold support members configured to move between the backward and forward advanced positions, and an injection station for molding bottles from a preform in an appropriate number of pairs of opposite blowing half-molds supported by opposing mold support elements, capable of moving between the retracted and advanced forward positions, comprising: first means for moving one of the carrier elements of the molds on the workpiece station, second means for moving another one of the carrier elements of the molds on the workpiece station, third means for moving one of the carrier elements at the blowing station and fourth means for moving another one of the supporting elements of the molds at the blowing station, wherein the first, second, third and fourth means of moving the soda the same drive unit is gripped, including transmission means for converting rotational motion at the input to linear motion at the output, a drive system having a rotational motion output connected to the input of the rotational motion of the transmission.  13. The sectional machine of claim 12, wherein the drive system comprises a lead screw, and the transmission comprises: a housing for supporting the lead screw, a nut device operatively associated with the lead screw, means for connecting the nut device and the mold support member, the case has the rear wall defining the abutment surface and the nut device has a rear abutment surface, the abutment surface of the rear wall and the abutment surface of the nut device have a predetermined gap between them when the abutment is located anizma for forms in the retracted position and the lead screw has a rigidity selectively chosen such that when moving the holder forms a forward position spindle will bend with the occurrence of interaction between the support surface nut device and the supporting surface of the rear wall.  14. The sectional machine according to item 13, wherein the nut device contains separate nuts with left-handed threads and right-handed threads, operatively associated with a lead screw, the means for connecting nuts with left-handed threads and right-handed threads and a mold support element comprise: a first connecting means connected at one end to a nut with a right-hand thread, a second connecting tool connected at one end to a nut with a left-hand thread, a clamp, a transverse shaft rotatably supported by a clamp, and means for connecting the other end to each about from the first and second connecting means with a transverse shaft.  15. Sectional machine according to p. 14, characterized in that the lead screw is vertical.  16. The mechanism for opening and closing molds for a sectional machine having many identical sections, each of which has a blank station for forming a blank from a drop of molten glass and a blow station for forming a bottle from a blank moved from the blank station, wherein the blank station includes an opening mechanism and closing molds to support a pair of opposing half-molds for half-mold blanks having surfaces configured to interact in a plane of interaction with a midpoint th forms defining the center of the mechanism for opening and closing molds, and the blowing station includes a mechanism for opening and closing molds to support a pair of opposing half-molds for workpieces having surfaces configured to interact in the plane of contact with the midpoint of the molds that defines the center of the mechanism of opening and closing closing the forms of the blowing station, wherein each mechanism for opening and closing the molds contains: a pair of support mechanisms for the molds for transferring at least one pair opposite half molds supported for horizontal movement between the backward position and the forward position, and means for moving each of the mold support mechanisms between the forward and backward positions, including a drive mechanism having an output of rotational movement, means for supporting the output of rotational movement near the support mechanism for the molds and at a horizontal distance from it and the transmission mechanism connecting the output of the rotational movement and the support mechanism for the m for converting the rotational movement at the output of the drive mechanism into linear movement of the support mechanism for molds to transmit the force generated at the output of the rotational movement of the drive system in a direction perpendicular to the plane of contact.  17. The mechanism according to clause 16, characterized in that the output of the rotational movement is made in the form of a lead screw and the means for supporting the output of the rotational movement near the support mechanism for the molds and at a horizontal distance from it contains means for vertical support of the lead screw.  18. The mechanism according to 17, characterized in that the transmission mechanism further comprises: a collar supporting a horizontal shaft, nuts with left and right threads, operatively connected to the lead screw, first and second connecting means connecting nuts with left and right threads and the horizontal shaft of the clamp, a housing having a vertical rear wall defining a supporting surface, and nuts with left and right threads have each vertical rear supporting surface, the supporting surface of the rear wall and each supporting surface of the pore surfaces of the nuts have a predetermined gap between them when the support mechanism for the molds is in the retracted position and the spindle has a stiffness selectively selected so that when the support mechanism for the molds is moved forward to bring the half-molds held by it into force interaction with the half-molds, held by another supporting mechanism for molds, the lead screw bends with the interaction between the bearing surfaces of the nuts and the bearing surface of the rear wall.  19. A sectional machine comprising a plurality of sections, each of which includes a section frame having an upper wall, a mechanism for opening and closing molds, including a supporting element, carrying upper and lower inserts, supported for linear movement between the retracted position and the forward position, the means for moving the bearing element between the retracted and the forward advanced positions, including a knee-lever mechanism having first and second connecting means, mutually connected on one nce, while the knee-lever mechanism is movable between the extended and retracted positions, means for supporting the knee-lever mechanism so that the mutually connected ends of the first and second connecting means are movable in a horizontal plane in the middle between the upper and lower levers to hold the molds in the center of the inserts.

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