RU2187463C1 - Method of treatment of underground waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water treatment; applicable in industrial and household drinking water supply. SUBSTANCE: water is purified with its continuous flow from vessel with water reserve to bank of pressure filters. Purified water from filter bank is supplied to used, and simultaneously, a part of purified water flow is directed back to vessel of water reserve where circulating water is mixed with water coming from borehole, and water purification is continued with uniform circulation of water flow and constant filtration rate. EFFECT: higher degree of water purification and increased process intensification. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of water purification, namely, the purification of free iron dioxide in underground iron-containing waters from harmful natural impurities of ferrous iron, hydrogen sulfide, heavy metals, humates and other impurities, and can be used for industrial and drinking water supply.

 There is a method of purifying water from iron (see Sukosyan B.D. Groundwater deferrization // Rural construction, 1977, 6, p. 5), which consists in filtering a water-air emulsion through a "dry" (not flooded) granular load, for example quartz sand, in this case, iron-containing water in the form of a thin film flows downward, passing through an unfilled filter charge, forming a dense layer of hydrated iron oxides on the surface of the charge grains, and accumulates in the lower part of the filter, from where it is removed and supplied to the consumer.

 A disadvantage of the known method of water purification from iron is the complexity of the cleaning process, due to the complexity of changing the heavy granular load, as well as the need to sort and rinse new portions of the granular load.

 A known method of purification of iron-containing ground water from manganese according to ed. testimonial. USSR 1430361, class C 02 F 1/64, publ. 10.15.88., Including aeration, degassing, filtering through the loading in two stages, using crushed stone or gravel with a particle size of 3 ÷ 10 mm as a loading, in the second stage, the loading is pre-treated with water containing ferrous iron until pressure is lost in the loading layer 1, 0 ÷ 1.5 m at a filtration rate of 6 ÷ 10 m / h, and then with a solution of sodium silicate to a pH of 10.0 ÷ 10.5 in the feed.

 However, the known method is complex and unstable, and processing the charge with a chemical reagent - an alkaline solution of sodium silicate - complicates the technology of water purification, while the breakthrough of the reagents into the purified water is not excluded.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed is a method of iron removal of natural water training. Nikoladze G.I. Water supply. M .: Stroyizdat, 1989, p. 302-303, in which underground water containing ferrous iron is enriched with oxygen by aeration and fed through pressure pipelines to the filter, where an oxidation reaction occurs in the thickness of the granular filter charge and sediment is released from the water, and the filter medium is formed in it thicker large quantities of flocculent amorphous sediment is periodically washed with an upward flow of water.

 The known method does not provide high-quality purification of iron-containing water due to the formation of a significant amount of flocculent amorphous precipitate, which, when passing through the filter, in turn, does not allow to intensify the process of water purification.

 The technical task of the invention is to increase the degree of purification of iron-containing underground water and the creation of conditions for the intensification of the technological process of purification of underground water from impurities.

 To solve the technical problem in the proposed method, in addition to signs similar to the closest analogue, this is water supply from the well, aeration, filtration under pressure through a granular load of water containing iron bicarbonate, distinctive new features have been introduced: water is purified by continuously moving it from the reserve tank water to the pressure filter block, from which purified water is supplied to the consumer under residual pressure, and part of the purified water flow is simultaneously diverted in the opposite direction to the water supply tank, where the circulating water is mixed with the fresh water coming from the well, and water purification is continued with uniform circulation of the water flow, at which the filtration rate is kept constant.

 Analyzing the entire set of features described above, it is seen that in the closest analogue there are no signs inherent in the claimed method, and therefore the method of purification of groundwater meets the criterion of "novelty."

 From the prior art in the field of water purification, no other groundwater purification methods have been identified with the totality of features contained in the claims of the claimed invention, and therefore, the groundwater purification method meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 Thus, the claimed method of groundwater purification is patentable and industrially applicable, since when it is used in industrial and drinking water supply, the purification process occurs with intensive movement of the water flow, providing an increased degree of purification of underground iron-containing water.

 The drawing schematically shows the installation with which tests were conducted in the production conditions of the claimed method.

 The installation comprises a reservoir 1 of water supply, a block 2 of pressure filters, filters 3 with a granular load of filter material, pressure pipes 4, 5 and 6 in the forward direction and pressure pipes 7, 8 and 9 in the reverse direction of water movement.

 The method is as follows.

 To implement the proposed method, water is supplied through pipeline 4 and continuously moved through pressure pipelines 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 sequentially, creating uniform circulation of the water flow in the forward and reverse directions of water movement.

Ground water under pressure is supplied from the well through a pressure pipe 4 and is transferred in the forward direction of water movement sequentially to a water storage tank 1, where water is aerated, oxygen is dissolved in the water and free carbon dioxide is partially removed by gas exchange of water with air with free flow of water . At the same time, an admixture of fine sand carried out by the flow of water from the well is separated from the water in the tank 1. The purified water with ferrous bicarbonate from the reservoir 1 of the water supply is fed and continuously moved through the pressure pipe 5 to the block 2 pressure filters 3, which are pre-loaded with washed granular filter material. Conventional inert filter materials, such as silica sand, crushed quartz, fine gravel, including porous filter materials, can be used as a load. With the continuous movement of water in the filter 3 through a granular charge on the surface of the grains, catalytic oxidation of ferrous iron by dissolved oxygen to trivalent occurs intensively and subsequent contact coagulation-deposition of the obtained ferric iron. To increase the loading capacity to the working load (in terms of iron not less than 3-4 kg / m ³ ), as well as to maintain a high catalytic activity of the load, which contributes to the intensive formation of coagulant, the filtration rate is set and kept constant depending on the grain size and height downloads. As a result of the uniform circulation of the water stream and coagulation of ferric iron at a constant filtration rate, the water in the pressure filter unit 2 is intensively purified from dissolved iron, while the coagulant sorb bacteria, humic substances, heavy metal ions, colloidal impurities from water. Water acquires "vodka" transparency, the smell and taste disappear.

 The purified water is non-stop supplied under residual pressure directly from the pressure filter block 2 through the pipeline 6 to the consumer and at the same time a part of the purified water flow from the pressure filter block 2 is diverted in the opposite direction through the pressure pipelines 7, 8 and 9 with its continuous circulation to the water supply tank 1, where pure recycled water is mixed with iron-containing underground water coming back from the well, dilutes it, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful impurities in a single water stream, and passes again iltratsiyu through grainy boot further purified at a constant filtration rate, and further vodopotok uniformly circulated under pressure through pipes in the same manufacturing sequence while continuously moving water.

 In the proposed method due to the use of recycled water, uniform circulation of water flow through pipelines and a constant filtration rate, the degree of purification of groundwater is increased and high quality drinking, environmentally friendly water is used for consumption.

 In addition, the proposed method of groundwater treatment for its implementation does not require the introduction of special chemicals and the use of specialized devices, and therefore can be implemented on conventional, typical technological equipment for water treatment.

Claims (1)

 A method of purifying groundwater, including supplying water from a well, aeration, pressure filtration through a filtering charge of water containing iron bicarbonate, characterized in that the water is purified by continuously moving it from the water supply tank to the block of pressure filters, of which purified water is the residual pressure is supplied to the consumer, and part of the purified water flow is simultaneously diverted in the opposite direction to the water supply tank, where the circulating water is mixed with the newly coming from the well, and the treatment continues water flow with uniform circulation of the water flow, at which the filtration rate is kept constant depending on the size of the grains and their loading height.