RU2184452C2 - Dough charging and discharge apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: baking industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has proofer cradle with pans made in the form of cylinders wherein pistons are positioned for free sliding by gravity upon tilting of cradle and discharge of doughs. Pistons have semispherical perforated surface configured to conform with dough shape and are provided with sharpened edge. Apparatus is further equipped with box positioned so that it may be moved by rocker mechanism into site under cradle bottom in charging zone to define in conjunction with cradle pneumatic chamber. Compressed air is supplied into pneumatic chamber through openings in perforated surfaces of pistons for preliminary blowing and holding of doughs for some time interval on air layer. Such construction reduces dough adhesion to proofer cradle working surfaces and, accordingly, decreases amount of defective products, eliminates necessity of using flour dusting or anti-adhesive polymeric covering, and allows manual work for cleaning pans to be avoided. EFFECT: increased efficiency and reduced production costs. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the baking industry.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the method of loading dough pieces directly onto the working surface of the proofer form, carried out using stackers / A. Lisovenko. Technological equipment of bakeries and ways to improve it. - M .: Light and food industry, 1982.- 208 p. /.

 The disadvantage is that this method does not allow to reduce the adhesion of the dough to the working surface of the mold, on the contrary, due to the impact of the test piece on the working surface when loading the dough, the adhesive ability of the dough to the material of the working surface increases.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the method of inertial unloading of dough pieces, based on the use of mechanisms that carry out a sharp rotation of the cradles 180 ^o . The inertia forces arising from this allow you to remove the dough pieces from the cells (forms) of the cradles / Technological equipment of bakery and pasta enterprises / B.M. Azarov, A.T. Lisovenko, S.A. Machikhin et al. / Ed. S.A. Machikhina. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1986. 263 p. /.

 The disadvantage is that the method does not provide a complete unloading of dough pieces; flour application is necessary.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the cradle design A.T. Lisovenko, which is a metal sheet in which holes are stamped according to the number of dough pieces placed on the cradle. The rims are inserted into the holes, on which fabric bags are fixed / A. Lisovenko. Technological equipment of bakeries and ways to improve it. - M .: Light and food industry, 1982.- 208 p. /.

 The main disadvantages: the need to use flour sprinkling or the use of expensive and short-lived materials such as overcoat, felt, tarpaulin.

 An object of the invention is to reduce the cost of finished products by reducing material costs by eliminating the adhesion of dough pieces from the working surface of the mold and manual work on cleaning the mold from the dough.

 The technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for loading and unloading dough pieces, including a cradle of a proofer with molds, it is new that the cradle shapes are made in the form of cylinders with pistons mounted with the possibility of free movement due to their own weight when capsizing the cradle and when unloading dough pieces, the pistons have a hemispherical perforated surface repeating the shape of the dough piece with a pointed edge, while the device is additionally equipped with a box , installed with the possibility of its supply by means of a rocker mechanism under the bottom of the cradle in the loading zone and the formation together with the cradle of a pneumatic chamber into which compressed air is supplied passing through the holes in the perforated surfaces of the pistons for preliminary blowing of the dough pieces and holding them for some time in the air interlayer.

 The technical result is expressed in reducing material costs by eliminating the adhesion of the dough pieces from the working surface of the molds and eliminating manual work on cleaning the molds from the dough.

 Figure 1 shows a device for loading and unloading dough pieces (A is a side view, B is a front view); figure 2 - the shape of the cradle (A - loading the dough piece into the mold, B - loaded form at the stage of proofing, C - unloading the dough piece from the mold); figure 3 - pneumatic chamber.

 The device for loading and unloading dough pieces shown in FIG. 1, is a cradle 1, the shape (Fig. 2) of which is made in the form of cylinders 5 with pistons 6 mounted with the possibility of free movement due to its own weight when tipping the cradle and unloading the dough pieces. Pistons 5 have a hemispherical perforated surface, repeating the shape of the dough piece, with a pointed edge. The individual stocks of 8 forms are connected by a rocker 9.

 In addition, the device is additionally equipped with a box 2, installed with the possibility of its supply by means of a rocker mechanism, consisting of a system of levers 3 and a drive 4, under the bottom of the cradle 1 in the loading zone of the dough pieces 10 in the mold. At the same time, in the loading zone, a pneumatic chamber is formed together with the cradle 1 (Fig. 3), into which compressed air is supplied, passing through the holes in the perforated surfaces of the pistons 5 for preliminary blowing of the dough pieces 10 and holding them for a certain period of time on the air gap. Air is supplied from the plant pneumatic line through manifold 7.

 The operation of the device is as follows.

 In the loading zone, under the bottom of the cradle 1, a box 2 is supplied using a rocker mechanism consisting of leverage systems 3 and a drive 4. The cradle with a box 2 form a sealed pneumatic chamber into which from the plant pneumatic line (not shown in Figs. 1 and 3) through the collector 7 compressed air is supplied. Simultaneously with the air supply with the help of a stacker (not shown in Fig. 3), the dough pieces are planted in molds on the air gap formed under the supporting surface of the dough piece due to the outflow of compressed air through the holes in the perforated piston surface. After planting, the dough pieces 10 are held for a period of time on the air gap. Then the box returns to its original position, and the next cradle is fed into the loading zone.

 During proofing, the volume of the dough piece increases significantly and its contact area with the mold increases. At the same time, the area that has not been pre-dried has an increased adhesive ability.

 At the end of the proofing, the cradle enters the unloading zone, where, with the help of the stops, it capsizes. Under the influence of its own gravity and piston weight, the test piece is unloaded by contacting, at some point in time, with the piston a pre-blown surface, under the furnace or on the working surface of the landing gear, while the dough in the adhesion zones is separated from the cylinder walls by a pointed piston edge.

 The present invention allows to reduce the adhesion of the dough to the working surfaces of the cradles of the proofers, which makes it possible to reduce the number of defective products, to eliminate the need for adding flour, release polymer coatings or coatings from such short-lived materials as overcoat, felt, tarpaulin, eliminates manual work on cleaning forms, which ultimately significantly reduces material costs. The hemispherical shape of the working surface of the form eliminates some technological operations (for example, rounding).

Claims (1)

 A device for loading and unloading dough pieces, comprising a cradle of a proofer with molds, characterized in that the cradle shapes are made in the form of cylinders with pistons mounted for free movement due to their own weight when the cradle is tipped over and the test pieces are unloaded, the pistons have a hemispherical perforated surface , repeating the shape of the dough piece, with a pointed edge, while the device is additionally equipped with a box installed with the possibility of its filing by romyslovogo mechanism under the bottom of the cradle in the feed zone and formation together with cradles pneumatic chamber into which is fed the compressed air passing through the holes in the perforated surfaces of the pistons for pre-blowing the dough pieces and hold them for some period of time on the air gap.

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