RU2182812C1 - Apparatus for thermal treatment of products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing, chemical, microbiological and pharmaceutical industry, as well as public catering. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has set of round trays with central and bypass openings. Trays are equipped with heaters and arranged one above another in axially aligned relationship. Shaft is extending through tray central openings. Apparatus is further provided with system for discharge of generated steam, device for charging product onto upper tray and device for withdrawal of ready product from upper tray. Leveling devices attached to shaft above each tray are made in the form of distributing grids composed of plates of different length arranged in concentric rows at different distances from grid axis of rotation, with different number of plates in each row. Plates are equipped with knives for cleaning tray upper surface. Distributing grids are further equipped with knives located on three long plates arranged in symmetry with respect to axis of rotation of grid. Knives are spring-loaded to lower surfaces of heaters. Such construction allows lower surfaces of heaters to be cleaned from product stuck and burnt during operation of apparatus. EFFECT: increased efficiency of thermal treatment process, simplified construction and maintenance of apparatus. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of heat treatment of products of plant and animal origin (roasting, drying, cooking, blanching and scalding) and can be used in food (for example, for roasting cocoa beans, peanuts, sunflowers, etc.), chemical, microbiological and the pharmaceutical industry, in catering and at home.

 A known apparatus for the heat treatment of products (Dikis N.Ya. et al. Technological equipment of canneries. M: Food industry, 1973, p. 201, Maslikov V.A. Technological equipment for the production of vegetable oils. M: Food industry, 1993 , p .98).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is an apparatus for heat treatment of products processing products (description of the patent of the Russian Federation 2075016 C1, published. 03/10/1997). It contains a block of round baking sheets located in a sealed case with central and bypass holes, equipped with heaters and mounted coaxially one above the other, a shaft passing through the central holes of the baking sheets, a system for removing the generated vapors, a product loading device on the upper baking sheet, and a finished product unloading device from the lower the baking sheet, as well as leveling devices mounted on the shaft above each baking sheet, made in the form of distribution grids arranged from plates of different sizes us disposed concentric rows at different distances from the grating rotation axis with a different number of plates in rows. On three long plates, symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice (i.e., at equal distances relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice and at an angle of 120 ^o relative to each other), knives for cleaning the upper surfaces of the baking sheets are articulated.

 However, the use of such a design of distribution grids in this apparatus does not allow cleaning the lower surfaces of the heaters from adhering and burnt product and thereby increase the efficiency of heat treatment and the productivity of the apparatus.

 The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase productivity, increase the efficiency of heat treatment and simplify maintenance of the apparatus. In this case, there is no need to disassemble the apparatus for cleaning and washing.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the apparatus for heat treatment of products containing a block of round baking sheets with central and bypass holes, equipped with heaters and mounted coaxially one above the other, a shaft passing through the central holes of the baking sheets, a system for removing the generated vapors, a product loading device on the upper baking sheet and a device for unloading the finished product from the lower baking sheet, as well as leveling devices fixed in the form of distribution grids mounted on the shaft above each baking sheet, assembled from plates of different lengths, arranged in concentric rows at different distances from the axis of rotation of the grate with a different number of plates in rows and equipped with knives for cleaning the upper surfaces of the baking sheets, the leveling device for cleaning the lower surfaces of baking sheets is additionally equipped with knives mounted on three long plates, symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice and pressed by means of springs to the lower surfaces of the heaters.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the apparatus (section);
figure 2 is the same, top view, section BB;
in FIG. 3 - plate distribution grid with a fixed knife for cleaning the bottom surface of the pan;
figure 4 is a section GG in figure 3.

 The apparatus for heat treatment of products contains a housing 1 (Fig. 1) with a pipe 2 for venting steam, round baking sheets 3, assembled in a block coaxially one above the other and equipped with heaters 4, a shaft 5 passing through the central holes of the baking sheets and installed above each baking sheet distribution grids 6, driven by rotation of the shaft, arranged from plates of different lengths, interconnected by jumpers 7 (figure 2). The number of long plates 8 (figure 2) is a multiple of three, but not less than six. On three long plates, symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice, knives are hinged for cleaning the upper surfaces of the baking sheets (not shown). On the other three long plates, also symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice, knives 9 are installed (Fig. 3), pressed by means of springs 10 to the lower surfaces of the baking sheets (heaters). The knives are installed with the possibility of their movement relative to the plates in a vertical plane in a loose fit. To do this, guides 11 are attached to the knives on both sides symmetrically and at the same distance from their middle 11. The limiters 12 attached to the knives prevent the blades from moving along the length of the plates.

 The apparatus contains a system for removing the generated vapors (not shown), a loading device 13 (Fig. 1) with a product distributor 14 and a device for unloading the finished product 15. The baking sheets have bypass openings 16 (Fig. 2). The device 17 (figure 1) is used to supply oil to baking sheets during frying, steam and water during cooking and blanching, as well as when cleaning and washing baking sheets.

 The device has an automatic system for maintaining a given temperature, as well as humidity and processing time of the product.

 The use of a sealed enclosure eliminates the ingress of air into the apparatus, which improves the quality of the finished product, allows the process to be carried out under excessive pressure or under vacuum.

 To drain water, condensate and liquid released from the product during heat treatment from the apparatus, a pipe 18 is provided.

 Work with the apparatus as follows.

 The product is fed into the apparatus through a loading device. A layer of a given thickness on the upper baking sheet is formed as a result of filling the sections of the distribution grid with its material and its rotation. Further movement of the material inside the apparatus in the form of a layer of a given thickness, its pouring onto lower-lying baking sheets and uniform distribution over their surface, as well as ensuring the same residence time of the entire mass of the product in the apparatus, occurs due to the rotation of all distribution grids and successive pouring through the bypass holes. Heaters and automation systems maintain the necessary temperature conditions inside the apparatus. Knives mounted on three long plates symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice, tightly fit with the help of springs to the lower surfaces of the trays, ensuring their cleaning from adhering and burnt product. Cleaning of the upper surfaces of the baking sheets is carried out with knives pivotally mounted on the corresponding long plates.

 The apparatus makes it possible in the process of working to clean the lower surfaces of the heaters from adhering and burnt product and thereby increase the efficiency of heat treatment and productivity of the apparatus, as well as simplify its maintenance.

Claims (1)

 Apparatus for heat treatment of products, containing a block of round baking sheets with central and bypass holes, equipped with heaters and mounted coaxially one above the other, a shaft passing through the central holes of the baking sheets, a system for removing the generated vapors, a device for loading the product on the upper baking sheet and a device for unloading the finished product the lower baking sheet, as well as leveling devices fixed on the shaft above each baking sheet, made in the form of distribution grids arranged from the plates once length, arranged in concentric rows at different distances from the axis of rotation of the lattice with a different number of plates in rows, and equipped with knives for cleaning the upper surface of the baking sheets, characterized in that the leveling device is additionally equipped with knives for cleaning the lower surface of the baking sheets mounted on three long plates, symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation of the lattice, and pressed by means of springs to the lower surfaces of the heaters.

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