RU2160525C2 - Method for increasing field phytoimmunity of lupine plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves intensifying accumulation of polymeric phenolic compounds in most vulnerable parts of lupine plants by providing joint sowing of yellow lupine and winter barley used in the ratio of 0.8:0.9-1.0:2.0 million disease-free seeds per 1 hectare. Polymeric phenolic compound prevents fungoid diseases from penetration into plants. Method allows phytosanitary state of agrobiocenosis in the process of growing of lupine to be improved. EFFECT: reduced vulnerability of lupine plants with fungoid diseases and reduced consumption of seeds. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, namely to crop production, and can be used to improve the phytosanitary state of agrocenosis during the cultivation of lupine.

 In crop production, it is known that the cultivation of crops in single-species crops sharply reduces the adaptive potential of agrophytocenosis. To increase the field figoimmunity of agrocenosis, fertilizers, physiologically active substances, and pesticides are used in technologies.

 However, a significant drawback of the known methods of growing crops, for example, yellow fodder lupine is their low efficiency, high pesticide costs, environmental pollution, high damage to plants with fungal diseases, while crop losses remain at the level of 30-40% [1-Zhuchenko A. A. Adaptive potential of cultivated plants (ecological and genetic basis) / Chisinau. "Stiinz". 1988. P.337].

 The purpose of the invention is the creation of a method of sowing lupine, which due to the allelopathic interaction of different cultures of biology increases the field phytoimmunity of sowing, is economical, reduces the damage to lupine by fungal diseases.

 To achieve this goal, spring barley is additionally added to yellow lupine and seeds are sown with a quantitative ratio of 0.8: 0.9-1.0: 2.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha, respectively.

 A comparative analysis of the claimed solution with the prototype shows that the claimed method differs from the known one in the complementary composition of the crop components, including yellow fodder lupine and spring barley, and the ratio of seeds in the sowing mixture, depending on the soil and the composition of weeds, is 0.8: 0, 9-1.0: 2.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha. Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 The new technical solution differs from the known ones in that the new species composition and the new ratio of the components of agrophthyocenosis favorably affect the accumulation of polymer phenolic compounds in the most vulnerable parts of the stem, peduncle, and leaf flaps of yellow lupine, while increasing the field phytoimmunity of lupine plants to fungal diseases.

 This allows us to conclude that the proposed method of sowing the criterion of "significant differences". The proposed method of growing lupine in agricultural practice compares favorably with the known for its availability and high efficiency.

 As the component crops of agrophytocenosis, yellow fodder lupine and spring barley in appropriate proportions are used. As a result of the allelopathic interaction of lupine and barley, lapin plants in agrophytocenosis increase in the most vulnerable parts of the stem, peduncle, bean leaves, the accumulation of polymer phenolic compounds by 26.5; 80.8; 137.4%, respectively, compared with patients, for example, anthracnose plants and 28.6; 52.1; 88.9%, respectively, compared with healthy plants of yellow lupine, which is grown in a known manner in single-species culture. Data on the accumulation of polymer phenolic compounds in mixed seeding in lupine plants compared to the known method are given in table. 1.

 A new method of growing allows lupine plants to accumulate an increased amount of polymeric fungicidal phenolic compounds due to allelopathic interaction with barley, which in plants play the role of a protective barrier to mechanical, thermal and pathogenic effects. The increased concentration of phenolic fungicidal substances in the most vulnerable parts of the plant reduces the damage to lupine by fungal diseases: anthracnose by 2-4 times, gray rot by 4-8 times. Data on the phytosanitary state of lupine in mixed seeding with barley compared with the known method - single-species seeding of lupine are given in table. 2.

 Using a new method of sowing reduces the consumption of barley seeds by 60-70% by 35-75% the consumption of lupine seeds. In addition, with the new method of growing lupine in a culture component of agrocenosis - barley, the ratio of protein synthesis and starch synthesis in grain changes. The protein content of barley grain and its vegetative mass increases by 2-2.5%. The total protein yield in the grain mixture is 40-55% higher than the average amount of protein yield from single species crops of component crops. With the new method of sowing, the cost of nitrogen fertilizers is reduced at the rate of two centners per hectare, that is, a farm saves 35-40 tons of ammonium nitrate per 100 hectares, while the yield of the grain mixture is 28-32% higher than the average amount of grain yield from single-species crops lupine and barley.

Claims (1)

 A method of increasing field phytoimmunity in lupine plants, including sowing seeds, characterized in that they increase the accumulation of polymer phenolic compounds in the most vulnerable parts of the lupine, preventing fungal diseases from entering the plant, by co-planting yellow lupine with spring barley, the ratio of yellow lupine seeds and bright barley corresponds to 0.8: 0.9 - 1.0: 2.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha.

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