RU215857U1 - Onion planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to planters for planting materials with low flowability, more precisely onion sets during planting.

The utility model represents an onion planter, which includes a frame, a hopper, a drive wheel, a support wheel, a variator gearbox, planters, seed ducts, skid coulters and closing bodies. The front beam of the frame is made of a profile pipe 80×80×4, the longitudinal beams, the intermediate beam, the rear beam, the central post and its braces are made of a profile pipe 80×60×4, the bunker fastening racks and braces are made of a profile pipe 60×40×4, and at the same time, the frame contains a frame made of corners 40×4 and a profile pipe 40×20×3 for fastening the variator reducer.

The utility model makes it possible to increase the rigidity of the frame, and hence the reliability of the planter when planting onion crops.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to planters for planting materials with low flowability, more precisely onion sets during planting.

Known seeders for sowing seeds of onion sets with reel sowing machines, for example, SLN-6 and SLS-8, consisting of a seed box with reel sowing machines, seed ducts and coulters with press rollers.

In these seeders, onion sets are taken out of the seed box by the blades of the coils not one by one, but in portions of several pieces and are thrown through the seed tubes into the furrows formed by the coulters. Uneven distribution of onion sets reduces the yield and commercial yield of onions.

The disadvantage of the device is the supply of bulbs of onion sets in portions, and not individually.

A well-known seeder of onion sowing (AS USSR No. 174873 MPK A01, Bull. No. 18, 1965), including a hopper, sowing coil devices with a clutch, dressed on a freely rotating roller with a spring compressing it, seed ducts, skid coulters and markers.

The disadvantage of the known planter for onion sets is the portioned supply of seed.

A known machine for planting onion sets (AS USSR No. 1029860 IPC A01C 11/02, Bull. No. 27, 1983) which includes a hopper, an orienting device made in the form of an oscillating tray, a planting device made in the form of pneumatic section tires.

The disadvantages of this machine for planting onion sets include its low productivity and high energy consumption, due to the use of a fan to create a vacuum in the pneumatic sectional tires.

A well-known seeder for sowing seeds of onion sowing (AS USSR No. 261001 MPK A01C 7/16, Bull. No. 4, 1970), including a hopper with tedders, and under the outlet window of the hopper there is a closed feed auger with an increasing step to output end, which is located above the chain conveyor with grippers.

The seeder works as follows, the seeds of onion sets from the bunker are fed by a tedder through the outlet window into the auger, which transports them to the outlet end, where they are dispersed in one row due to the increasing pitch of the auger turns, and then collide with the grippers of the chain conveyor, which takes them to planting furrow.

The disadvantage of this seeder is that when the planting material is moved by the auger, it may be damaged, which leads to uneven germination and reduced yields.

The proposed utility model is aimed at eliminating the above disadvantages, improving the quality of bulb placement and improving the uniformity of the expiration of the seed material supplied to the sowing machines.

A planter of onion sowing is known (RF Patent No. 204165, IPC A01C 7/00, Bull. No. 14 dated May 13, 2021) which includes a frame, a hopper, drive wheels, a chain, reel-fork planting devices, with replaceable sprockets ( Z ₄ \u003d 17, Z ₅ \u003d 20), seed tube, skid openers and closing devices. When the planter moves, the onion sets are captured individually and fed by a reel-fork device into the seed duct connected to the skid coulter. The skid-shaped coulter forms a planting furrow, where the bulbs are placed individually, followed by their embedding with soil by closing bodies.

The disadvantages of this onion set planter include the method of regulating the planting rate, which affects the increase in the time to replace the sprockets when the onion sets of one fraction are planted to another fraction (which has a different seeding rate).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is an onion planter with a variator gearbox (RF Patent No. 204165, IPC А01С 7/00, Bull. No. 14 dated May 13, 2021), which consists of a frame, a hopper, drive wheels, a gearbox - a variator that allows you to steplessly adjust the seeding rate with a belt sowing method in the range of 10 ... 15 bulbs per meter at a speed of movement of the planting unit from 1.0 to 1.8 m / s, reel-fork planting devices, chain transmission with a gear ratio i _c = 0.25, seed ducts, runner openers and closing organs. Onion planter with gear-variator works as follows. When the planter moves, the onion is captured individually and fed by reel-fork planters into the seed ducts connected to the skid coulters. The skid-shaped coulters form planting furrows, where the bulbs are placed individually, followed by their embedding with soil by closing bodies.

The disadvantages of this onion planter with a variator reducer include the fact that the existing frame does not have sufficient rigidity to ensure reliable operation of the planter.

The problem is solved by the fact that the front beam of the frame is made of a profile pipe 80 × 80 × 4, the longitudinal beams, the intermediate beam, the rear beam, the central post and its braces are made of a profile pipe 80 × 60 × 4, the bunker fastening racks and the braces are made of a profile pipe 60 ×40×4, and at the same time the frame contains a frame made of corners 40×4 and a profile pipe 40×20×3 for fastening the variator reducer.

The utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1-3. In FIG. 1 shows a planter of onion crops. In FIG. 2 - right side view, A - local view. In FIG. 3 - frame model.

The proposed planter of onion crops consists of a frame 1 (Fig. 1), while the front bar 1 (Fig. 3) of the frame 1 (Fig. 1) is made of a profile pipe 80×80×4, longitudinal bars 2 (Fig. 3), an intermediate beam 3 (Fig. 3), a rear beam 4 (Fig. 3), a central post 5 (Fig. 3) and its braces 6 (Fig. 3) from a profile pipe 80 × 60 × 4, a fastening rack 7 (Fig. 3) and braces 8 (Fig. 3) from a profile pipe 60 × 40 × 4, and the frame contains a frame 9 (Fig. 3) made of corners 40 × 4 and a profile pipe 40 × 20 × 3 for mounting the gearbox - variator, hopper 2 (Fig. 1), drive wheel 3 (Fig. 1), support wheel 4 (Fig. 1), gearbox-variator 5 (Fig. 2), reel-fork planting machines 6 (Fig. 2), seed ducts 7 (Fig. 2), runner openers 8 (Fig. 2) and closing organs 9 (Fig. 2).

The proposed planter of onion crops works as follows. When the onion crop planter moves, the planting material is captured individually and fed by reel-forked planters 6 (Fig. 2) into the seed ducts 7 (Fig. 2) which are connected to the runner openers 8 (Fig. 2). Sliding coulters 8 (Fig. 2) form planting furrows, where the bulbs are placed one by one, followed by their incorporation with soil by closing bodies 9 (Fig. 2).

Thus, the onion planter provides piece planted material per furrow, regardless of the planter speed, which increases productivity.

Claims (1)

Planter of onion crops, containing a frame, a hopper, a drive wheel, a support wheel, a variator gearbox, planters, seed ducts, skid coulters and closing bodies, characterized in that the front beam of the frame is made of a profile pipe 80 × 80 × 4, longitudinal bars, an intermediate beam, a rear beam, a central post and its braces are made of a profile pipe 80 × 60 × 4, the bunker fastening racks and braces are made of a profile pipe 60 × 40 × 4, while the frame contains a frame made of 40 × 4 corners and a profile pipes 40 × 20 × 3 for fastening the gearbox-variator.

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