RU2154188C1 - Ignition system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: ignition system has DC voltage converter, two reservoir capacitors, choke and electronic switch, electronic switch control device with two inputs, signal and control ones, and one output, and ignition oil. Voltage converter output is connected with one terminal of first reservoir capacitor and with one terminal of choke, whose other terminal is connected with electronic switch input. Electronic switch output is connected with control input of electronic switch control device, with one terminal of second reservoir capacitor and with one terminal of ignition coil primary winding. One of terminals of ignition coil secondary winding serves as ignition system output. Output of electronic switch control device is connected with its control input. Second terminals of reservoir capacitors and common terminal of DC voltage converter are connected to minus terminal of supply source (common bus). Second terminals of ignition coil windings are connected either to plus terminal or minus terminal of supply source. According to invention, proposed ignition system features maximum sparking frequency and can be used with any standard ignition coil of any automobile. Number of ignition system components is reduced to minimum. EFFECT: provision of reliable operation. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to capacitor ignition systems with continuous pulse energy storage for internal combustion engines and can be used on vehicles and power plants with any type of ignition coil.

 Known universal thyristor ignition system (Russia, patent N 2019726, F 02 P 3/00, BI N 17, 1994). This system contains a switch, two electronic keys, a control device for these keys, made on element 2 OR NOT and having two inputs and one output, one of which is an input to the ignition system, two storage capacitors, two electronic keys, a reverse diode, an ignition coil and five resistors.

 The positive output terminal of the DC / DC converter is connected to the power input of the second electronic switch and through the serial first disconnect contacts of the dual switch and the fourth resistor, in parallel with which the current-limiting resistor is connected, with the junction point of the reverse diode. The first terminal of the first electronic switch and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected through the serial primary winding of the ignition coil and the fifth resistor with a minus power supply, the second terminal of the first electronic switch, the anode of the inverse diode and the second electronic switch with the negative output of the converter. The control inputs of the electronic keys are connected to the output of the electronic key control device. The secondary winding of the ignition coil is the output of the ignition system.

This system has disadvantages:
- the complexity of the voltage stabilization device of the Converter due to the separation of its negative output from the common bus;
- unstable, increasing amplitude of the pulses in the packet, which reduces the average energy in the packet of pulses;
- the presence of through currents when switching electronic keys, current-limiting resistors and a resistor current sensor, which reduce the efficiency of the ignition system:
- not interchangeability with industrial ignition systems.

 These shortcomings are due to the fact that this circuit is a voltage multiplier, due to which the amplitude of the pulse at the beginning of the pulse train is equal to the voltage at the output of the DC / DC converter, the amplitude of the second pulse is the sum of the voltage on the converter and the residual voltage of the first pulse after transferring part of its energy to the spark , the amplitude of the third pulse is equal to the sum of the voltages on the converter and the residual voltage of the second pulse after the transfer of part of its energy to a spark, etc. Thus, the amplitude in the pack will depend both on the gap in the spark plug, since with an increase in the gap more energy is consumed for spark formation, and on the temperature conditions when starting a cold engine, changing the equivalent gap in the spark plug. Through currents when switching keys arise due to the fact that it takes time to lock the keys, and in the prototype there are no elements defining the moments when the keys are locked. Non-interchangeability with existing ignition systems is due to the peculiarities of connecting the ignition coil, since in existing ignition systems one of the terminals of the primary winding of the ignition coil is connected to the primary power source - the battery or to the common bus.

 Also known is the ignition system (RU, Pat. N 2115016, BI N 19 from 07/10/98), which is taken as a prototype of the invention. This system contains a DC voltage converter, two storage capacitors, a choke, two electronic keys, an electronic key control device that has four input pins and two output pins, a reverse diode and an ignition coil.

 The output of the DC / DC converter is connected to one terminal of the first storage capacitor and one terminal of the inductor, the second terminal of which is connected to the first input of the key management device and the input of the first electronic key, the output of which is connected to the second input of the key management device, one terminal of the second storage capacitor, the reverse cathode diode and the input of the second electronic key. The output of this key is connected to the third input of the electronic key control, the anode of the reverse diode and one terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil, the output of the secondary winding of which is the output of the ignition system. The second terminals of the storage capacitors, the windings of the ignition coil and the common terminal of the converter are connected to a common bus. The fourth input of the electronic key control device is the input of the ignition system.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are the complexity of the design (electrical circuit), low efficiency, due to losses on the second power switch and reverse diode and insufficient spark energy due to pauses (during the voltage transfer from the first storage capacitor to the second) in the current flowing in the primary winding ignition coils.

 The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the analogue and prototype and increase the reliability of the ignition system.

 This result is achieved due to the fact that the ignition system contains a DC voltage converter, two storage capacitors, a choke, an electronic key, an electronic key control device with two inputs - a signal and a control and one output and an ignition coil. The output of the DC / DC converter is connected to one terminal of the first storage capacitor and one terminal of the inductor, the other terminal of which is connected to the input of the electronic key. The output of the electronic key is connected to the control input of the electronic key control device, one terminal of the second storage capacitor and one terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil. One of the conclusions of the secondary winding of the ignition coil is the output of the ignition system. The output of the electronic key control device is connected to its control input. Other terminals of the storage capacitors and the common terminal of the DC / DC converter are connected to the minus of the power source (common bus), and other conclusions of the windings of the ignition coil are connected to either the minus or plus of the power source.

 The electronic key control device comprises two one-shots, a resistor, a zener diode, an element 2I and an element 2OR. The signal input of the electronic key control device is connected to the input of the first one-shot and one input of the 2I element. The output of the first one-shot is connected to one input of the 2OR element, the output of which is the output of the electronic Key control device. The second input of element 2I is connected to the cathode of the zener diode and one output of the resistor, the second output of which is the control input of the electronic key control device. The zener diode anode is connected to a common bus. The output of the element 2I is connected to the input of the second one-shot, the output of which is connected to the second input of the element 2OR.

 Distinctive features of the invention are the connection of one terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil with the output of the second storage capacitor, to which the output of the electronic key and the control input of the control device are connected) and other conclusions of the windings of the ignition coil are connected either to the minus or plus of the power source.

 The design of the ignition system and its operation are illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing shows a possible electrical diagram of the ignition system according to the invention, which introduced the following notation:
1 - DC voltage converter;
2 - the first storage capacitor;
3 - throttle;
4 - electronic key;
5 - the second storage capacitor;
6 - electronic key control device;
7 - ignition coil;
8 - resistor;
9 - a zener diode;
10 - the first one-shot;
11 - the second one-shot;
12 - element 2I;
13 - element 2 OR;
Converter 1 can be made according to the scheme of the converter of low DC voltage to a higher DC voltage according to known schemes, in which the input and output negative terminals are interconnected and form a common terminal of the converter connected to ground. The input of the Converter 1 is connected to the output of the primary power source, for example, a battery.

 As a storage capacitor 2, for example, a capacitor of type K50-27-450V-100 μF can be used, and as a storage capacitor 5, a capacitor of type K73-17-630V-1.0 μF can be used.

 The inductor 3 can be performed on an open magnetic core with an inductor.

 The electronic key 4 can be made according to the prototype scheme with input and output and control input (Fig. 1, item 4).

 The device 6 control electronic key 4 can be assembled according to the drawing scheme of the description of the invention.

 The coil 7 has a primary (with a small number of turns) and secondary (with a large number of turns) windings, the second terminals of which are connected and form a common terminal connected to the mass.

 As the ignition coil, for example, an ignition coil of the B-116 type, manufactured by the industry for the Volga automobile, can be used.

 As a zener diode 9, for example, a Zener diode KS147A can be used.

 Single vibrators 10 and 11 can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155AP.

 Element 12 2I can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155LI1.

 Element 13 2 OR can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155LL1.

 The power source (not shown in the drawing) can be a battery, which itself is charged from the generator.

 The ignition system can be performed according to the scheme shown in the drawing, and contains: a DC voltage converter 1, two storage capacitors 2 and 5, a choke 3, an electronic key 4, an electronic key control device 6 with two inputs - a signal and a control and one output and ignition coil 7. The output of the DC / DC converter 1 is connected to one output of the first storage capacitor 2 and one output of the inductor 3, the other output of which is connected to the input of the electronic key 4. The output of the electronic key 4 is connected to the control input of the electronic key control device 6, one output of the second storage capacitor 5 and one terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil 7. One of the conclusions of the secondary winding of the ignition coil 7 is the output of the ignition system. The output of the control device 6 by an electronic key is connected to its control input. The output of the electronic key control device is connected to its control input. The second terminals of the storage capacitors 2 and 5, the second terminals of the windings of the ignition coil 7 and the common terminal of the DC / DC converter 1 are connected to the minus of the power source (common bus).

 The electronic key control device 6 comprises: a resistor 8, a zener diode 9, two one-shots 10 and 11, an element 12 2I and an element 13 2OR. The signal input of the device 6 control electronic key 4 is connected to the input of the first one-shot 10 and one input of the element 12 2I. The output of the first one-shot 10 is connected to one input of the OR element 2, the output of which is the output of the electronic key control device. The second input of the element 12 2I is connected to the cathode of the zener diode 9 and one output 8, the second output of the element 2I is the control input of the electronic key control device. The anode of the zener diode 9 is connected to a common bus of the ignition system. The output of the element 12 2I is connected to the input of the second one-shot 11, the output of which is connected to the second input of the element 13 2OR.

 The ignition system operates as follows.

где L - индуктивность дросселя 3;
C - емкость последовательно соединенных конденсаторов 2 и 5.When the power is turned on, the DC / DC converter 1 charges the storage capacitor 2 to the voltage at its output. After the pulse of the signal arrives at the input of the control device 6 of the ignition system, for example, from the output of the distributor of the internal combustion engine, a voltage pulse is generated at the output of the one-shot 10, which opens the electronic switch 4 through the OR element 13 2. The second storage capacitor 5 is charged from the first storage capacitor 2 by current flowing through the inductor 3. The duration of the charging process of the capacitor 5 is determined by the parameters of the oscillatory circuit (time constant) formed by the inductor 3, the capacitor Ami 2 and 5 and the primary winding of the ignition coil 7. In the case when the inductance of the inductor is much less than the inductance of the primary ignition coil, the charging time of the second storage capacitor is determined by the time constant of the circuit formed by the inductance of the inductor and the capacitance of capacitors 2 and 5. The duration τ of the pulses of the single-vibrator 10 and 11 is chosen so as to ensure charging of the storage capacitor 5 from the storage capacitor 2 through the public key 4 and is determined by the formula:

where L is the inductance of the inductor 3;
C is the capacitance of series-connected capacitors 2 and 5.

 For example, at L = 20 μH and C = 1 μF, τ = 14 μs.

 After the end of the signal pulse at the control input of the electronic key 4, the key is closed, while at the capacitor 5 the maximum positive voltage. The current source for the ignition coil becomes a capacitor 5. The oscillation process begins in the circuit formed by the capacitor 5 and the primary winding of the ignition coil 7. At the time when the ignition coil gives off energy, it recharges the capacitor 5, the voltage on it again becomes positive, at the second input of element 12 2I there appears a voltage - logical "1", and since at that time a control signal is still operating at its first input, the signal from the output of element 12 2I is triggered by a single-shot 10. The pulse from the output of a single-shot the torus 10 through member 13 includes a key 2 or 4 and 5 occurs pre-charge capacitor.

 At the end of the signal pulse at the output of the one-shot 11, the key 4 is closed, the charging of the capacitor 5 is stopped and the process is repeated until there is a signal at the input of the ignition system.

 The ignition system according to the invention has a maximum sparking frequency and automatically adapts to any standard ignition coil of any car, and the second terminals of the ignition coil windings can be connected either to the positive terminal of the power source or to its minus (common bus).

Claims (2)

 1. The ignition system comprising a DC voltage converter, two storage capacitors, a choke, an electronic key, an electronic key control device with two inputs - a signal and a control and one output and an ignition coil, the output of the DC voltage converter connected to one terminal of the first storage capacitor and one output of the inductor, the other output of which is connected to the input of the electronic key, the output of which is connected to the control input of the electronic key control device ohm and one output of the second storage capacitor, in addition, the output of the electronic key control device is connected to its control input, other outputs of the storage capacitors and the common output of the DC-DC converter are connected to the minus of the power source (common bus), characterized in that one output of the primary winding the ignition coil is connected to the output of the second storage capacitor, to which the output of the electronic key and the control input of the control device are connected, and other outputs of the coil the ignition coil current is connected either to the minus or to the plus of the power source.  2. The ignition system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic key control device comprises two one-shots, a resistor, a zener diode, 2I element and 2OR elements, the signal input of the electronic key control device being connected to the input of the first one-shot and one input of the 2I element, output the first one-shot is connected to one input of the OR element 2, the output of which is the output of the electronic key control device, in addition, the second input of the element 2I is connected to the cathode of the zener diode and one output of the resistor, the second the first output of which is the control input of the electronic key control device, the zener diode anode is connected to a common bus, the output of element 2I is connected to the input of the second one-shot, the output of which is connected to the second input of 2OR.