RU2115016C1 - Ignition system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: ignition system has constant voltage converter, two reservoir capacitors, choke, two electronic switches, electronic switch control device with four input terminals and two output terminals, backward diode and ignition coil. Output of constant voltage converter is connected with first reservoir capacitor and common output terminal of choke whose second output is connected with first input of switch control device and input of first electronic switch whose output is connected with second input of electronic switch control device, one output of second reservoir capacitor, backward diode cathode and input of second electronic switch. Output of this switch is connected with third input of electronic switch control union, anode of backward diode and one output of primary winding of ignition coil, output lead of coil secondary winding being output of ignition system. EFFECT: increased efficiency of system operation, with possibility of use of any ignition coils. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to capacitor ignition systems with continuous pulse energy storage for internal combustion engines and can be used on vehicles and power plants with any type of ignition coil.

 Known universal thyristor ignition system [2]. This system contains two electronic keys, an electronic key control unit, a DC / DC converter, two storage capacitors, a reverse diode, a resistor and an ignition coil.

 The electronic key control unit comprises a relaxation generator and a pulse shaper connected in series. The input of the relaxation generator is the control input of the ignition system. A reverse diode cathode is connected to the positive output of the DC-DC converter through a current-limiting resistor, one output of the first electronic switch, the control input of which is connected to the output of the pulse shaper, which is the output of the electronic switch control unit, and the first storage capacitor, the second output of which is connected through the primary winding of the coil ignition with a minus of the power source, which is also connected to the second output of the first electronic key, the anode of the reverse diode and, h Res second electronic key, the negative output terminal of the inverter DC voltage. The output of the secondary ignition coil is the output of the ignition system.

This ignition system has disadvantages:
- low frequency and energy of multiple sparking;
- a complex converter stabilization scheme.

 Also known universal thyristor ignition system, adopted as a prototype of the invention [1]. This system contains a switch, two electronic keys, a control device for these keys, made on element 2 OR NOT and having two inputs and one output, one of which is an input to the ignition system, two storage capacitors, two electronic keys, a reverse diode, an ignition coil and five resistors.

 The positive output terminal of the DC / DC converter is connected to the power input of the second electronic switch and through the serial first disconnect contacts of the dual switch and the fourth resistor, in parallel with which the current-limiting resistor is connected, with the junction point of the reverse diode. The first terminal of the first electronic switch and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected through the serial primary winding of the ignition coil and the fifth resistor with a minus power supply, the second terminal of the first electronic switch, the anode of the return diode and the second electronic switch with the negative terminal of the converter. The control inputs of the electronic keys are connected to the output of the electronic key control device. The secondary winding of the ignition coil is the output of the ignition system.

This system has disadvantages:
- the difficulty of stabilizing the voltage of the Converter due to the separation of its negative output from the common bus;
- unstable, increasing amplitude of the pulses in the packet, which reduces the average energy in the packet of pulses;
- the presence of through currents when switching electronic keys, current-limiting resistors and a resistor current sensor, which reduce the efficiency of the ignition system;
- non-interchangeability with industrial ignition systems.

 These disadvantages are due to the fact that the prototype circuit is a voltage multiplier, because of which the amplitude of the pulse at the beginning of the pulse train is equal to the voltage at the output of the DC-DC converter, the amplitude of the second pulse is the sum of the voltage on the converter and the residual voltage of the first pulse after transferring part of its energy to the spark , the amplitude of the third pulse is equal to the sum of the voltages on the converter and the residual voltage of the second pulse after the transfer of part of its energy to a spark, etc. Thus, the amplitude in the pack will depend both on the gap in the spark plug, since with an increase in the gap more energy is consumed for spark formation, and on the temperature conditions when starting a cold engine, changing the equivalent gap in the spark plug. Through currents when switching keys arise due to the fact that it takes time to lock the keys, and in the prototype there are no elements that determine when the keys are locked. The interchangeability with existing ignition systems is due to the peculiarities of connecting the ignition coil, since in existing ignition systems one of the terminals of the primary winding of the ignition coil is connected to the primary power source - the battery or to the common bus.

 The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype and the uniformity of the ignition system.

 This result is achieved due to the fact that the ignition system contains a DC voltage converter, two storage capacitors, a choke, two electronic keys, an electronic key control device that has four input leads and two output, a reverse diode and an ignition coil.

 The output of the DC / DC converter is connected to one terminal of the first storage capacitor and one terminal of the inductor, the second terminal of which is connected to the first input of the key management device and the input of the first electronic key, the output of which is connected to the second input of the electronic key management device, one terminal of the second storage capacitor, the cathode reverse diode and the input of the second electronic key. The output of this key is connected to the third electronic key control unit, the anode of the reverse diode and one terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil, the output of the secondary winding of which is the output of the ignition system. The second terminals of the storage capacitors, the windings of the ignition coil and the common terminal of the converter are connected to a common bus. The fourth input of the electronic key control device is the input of the ignition system.

 The electronic key control device contains a single vibrator, elements 2I and 2OR, two optoelectronic switches, a capacitor and a diode.

 The first input terminal of the key management device is connected to the cathode terminal of the input diode of the first optoelectronic switch, the anode terminal of which is connected to the second input terminal of the electronic key control device and one of the capacitor terminals, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the diode and the anode terminal of the input diode of the second optoelectronic switch, the cathode terminal of which is connected to the anode of the diode and the third input terminal of the electronic key control device. One of the inputs of the 2I element and the input of the single-vibrator are connected to the fourth input terminal of the electronic key control device, while the second input of the 2I element is connected to the output terminal of the second optoelectronic switch, the output of the 2I element is connected to one input of the 2 OR element, the output of the single-vibrator is connected to the other input of 2 OR element the output of which is connected to the first output terminal of the electronic key control device, and the output terminal of the first optoelectronic switch is connected to the second output terminal of the electronic control device with keys.

 Distinctive features of the invention are a throttle, a special form of execution of the electronic key control device and electrical communications due to the introduction of the throttle and a special form of execution of the control device.

 In FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an ignition system according to the invention; in FIG. 2 - voltage diagrams in time, explaining the operation of the ignition system, where 2a - voltage diagram on the primary winding of the ignition coil of the proposed system; 2b is a plot of the voltage on the primary winding of the ignition coil of the prototype.

 In FIG. 1 designation introduced: 1 - DC-DC Converter (PPN); 2 - the first storage capacitor (PNK); 3 - throttle (dr); 4 - the first electronic key (PEC); 5 - the second storage capacitor (VNK); 6 - second electronic key (VEC); 7 - control device for electronic switches (UP); 8 - reverse diode (OD); 9 - ignition coil (KZ); 10 - the first optoelectronic switch (POEP); 11 - the second optoelectronic switch (VOEP); 12 - capacitor (K); 13 - diode (D); 14 - single vibrator (OV); 15 - element 2I (2I); 16 - element 2 OR (OR).

 The Converter 1 is made according to the scheme of the Converter low-voltage to higher according to known schemes, in which the input and output negative terminals are interconnected and form a common output of the Converter. The input of the Converter 1 is connected to the output of the primary power source, such as a battery.

 As a storage capacitor 2, for example, a K50-27-450V-100 μF type capacitor can be used, and as a capacitor 5, a K73-17-630V-1.0 μF type capacitor can be used.

 The inductor 3 can be performed on an open magnetic core with an inductor.

 Electronic keys 4 and 6 can be performed according to the prototype scheme (Fig. 1, pos. 3 and 6).

 The electronic key control device 7 and 6 can be assembled according to the circuit of FIG. one.

 As the reverse diode 8, a diode of the type KD258B can be used.

 The coil 9 has a primary and secondary winding, the second terminals of which are connected and form a common conclusion. As the ignition coil, for example, an ignition coil of the B-116 type, manufactured by the industry for the Volga automobile, can be used.

The optoelectronic switches 10 and 11 can be performed on a type 24 24LP microcircuit.
As the capacitor 12, a capacitor of the type K17-630B-0.01 μF can be used.

 As the diode 13, a diode of the type KD258B can be used.

 The single-shot 14 can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155AG1.

 Element 15 2I can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155LI1.

 Element 16 2 OR can be performed, for example, on a chip type K155LL1.

 The ignition system contains a DC voltage converter 1, two storage capacitors 2 and 5, a choke 3, two electronic keys 4 and 6, an electronic key control device 7, a reverse diode 8, and an ignition coil 9.

 The output of the DC / DC converter 1 is connected to one terminal of the first storage capacitor 2 and one terminal of the inductor 3, the second terminal of which is connected to the first input of the key control device 7 and the input of the first electronic switch 4, the output of which is connected to the second input of the electronic key control device, one terminal the second storage capacitor 5, the cathode of the reverse diode 8 and the input of the second electronic key 6. The output of this key is connected to the third input of the electronic key control unit, and the reverse diode node and the first output of the primary winding of the ignition coil 9, the output of the secondary winding of which is the output of the ignition system. The second conclusions of the storage capacitors 2 and 5, the common conclusions of the ignition coil 9 and the converter are connected to a common bus. The fourth input of the electronic key control device is the input of the ignition system, to which a signal is supplied, for example, from the controller of the ignition system.

 The electronic key control device has four input and two output control outputs and contains: two optoelectronic switches 10 and 11, a capacitor 12, a diode 13, a one-shot 14, an element 15 2I and an element 16 2 OR.

 The first input terminal of the key management device 7 is connected to the cathode terminal of the input diode of the first optoelectronic switch 10, the anode terminal of which is connected to the second input terminal of the electronic key control device and one of the terminals of the capacitor 12, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the diode 13 and the anode terminal of the capacitor 12 the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the diode 13 and the anode terminal of the input diode of the second optoelectronic switch 11, the cathode terminal of which is connected to the anode of the diode and the third the input terminal of the electronic key management device. One of the inputs of the element 2I 15 and the input of the one-shot 14 are connected to the fourth input terminal of the electronic key control device, while the second input of the element 2I is connected to the output of the second optoelectronic switch 11, the output of the element 2I is connected to one input of the element 2 OR 16, the output of the one-shot 14 to another input of the OR element 2, the output of which is connected to the first output terminal of the electronic key control device 7, and the output terminal of the first optoelectronic switch 10 to the second output terminal of the control device Nia electronic keys.

 The ignition system operates as follows.

 When the power is turned on, the fourth level of the electronic key control device 7 is set to low, the voltage converter 1 charges the storage capacitor 2 to the voltage at its output. The keys 4 and 6 are open, since the outputs of the optoelectronic switches 10 and 11 and the fourth input of the control device 7 low voltage (zero). After a signal is received at the input of the ignition system (fourth input of the electronic key control device), for example, from the ignition system controller, a voltage pulse is generated at the output of the one-shot 14, which opens the electronic key 4 through the OR element 16, and through the inductor 3, limiting the current through the key , there is a charge of the capacitor 5 from the voltage on the capacitor 2. The capacity of the capacitor 2 is chosen much more than the capacity of the capacitor 5. As the capacitor 5 charges, a decreasing current through the inductor 3 causes the occurrence of DC self-induction, charging the capacitor 5 to a voltage slightly higher than the voltage on the capacitor 2, and when the current stops through the inductor 3, the voltage at the output of the switch 4 becomes greater than at its input. The key 4 closes, and a current pulse passes through the input diode of the optoelectronic switch 11, balancing the voltage across the capacitors 2 and 5. At the output of this optoelectronic switch, a voltage pulse appears that opens the electronic switch 6. The capacitor 5 starts an oscillating discharge through the primary winding of the ignition coil 9. V at the first moment of time, all the voltage on the capacitor 5 is applied to the primary winding of the coil 9, and then, as the current in the winding increases, this voltage decreases and becomes zero when the current in the winding will reach a maximum. Under the influence of electromagnetic energy accumulated in the ignition coil, the capacitor 5 begins to recharge through the reverse diode 8, and when the current in the circuit becomes equal to zero, the capacitor 5 begins an oscillating discharge through the capacitor 12, the input diode of the optoelectronic switch 11 and the primary winding of the ignition coil. The capacitance of the capacitor 12 is chosen much less than the capacitance of the capacitor 5. At the output of the optoelectronic switch 11, a voltage pulse arises at the input of the element 15 2I, at the second input of which a high level voltage is present at that time - the input signal of the ignition system. The signal from its output through the element 2 2 OR opens the key 4, and the process is repeated until a low level signal appears at the input of the ignition system, while the signal propagating at the output of the optoelectronic switch 11 is blocked, and the electronic key 4 remains closed. The signal at the output of the optoelectronic switch 10 does not occur, the key 6 also remains closed and the sparking process stops until a high level signal appears at the input of the ignition system. Thus, the moment and duration of sparking are determined by the input signal of the ignition system. The diode 13 is designed to discharge the capacitor 12 in the pauses between pulses.

The ignition system according to the invention, like the prototype, has a maximum sparking frequency and automatically adapts to the ignition coil of any inductance. In addition, the proposed ignition system has the following advantages:
- has a large energy of multiple sparking due to the constancy of the amplitude of the pulses in the packet, while in the prototype it has an increasing character from a low level;
- has a higher probability of ignition of the combustible mixture from the first pulse in the pack, since its amplitude is maximum and approximately equal to the amplitudes of the remaining pulses;
- has a higher probability of ignition of the combustible mixture from each subsequent pulse in the packet due to the stability of their amplitudes and due to the higher steepness of the fronts of high voltage pulses, which makes the system less sensitive to contamination of spark plugs, while in the prototype only the first pulse in the packet having the smallest amplitude has slope;
- has a higher efficiency due to the absence of through currents through the keys when they are switched and the absence of a current-limiting resistor and a current sensor resistor. In the prototype, the resistor used as a current sensor cannot be selected with low resistance due to the operation of the device in strong electric and magnetic fields, which leads to the appearance of interference, causing false ignition of the ignition system:
- due to the possibility of connecting the second output of the ignition coil to either a power source or to the housing, the system is interchangeable with ignition systems manufactured by the industry;
- This ignition system allows the use of a DC-voltage converter with a common output, which simplifies its stabilization scheme.

Claims (2)

 1. An ignition system comprising a DC-voltage converter, two storage capacitors, the output of the first of which is connected to the output of the DC-voltage converter, two electronic switches, a reverse diode, the cathode of which is connected to the input of the second electronic switch, and the anode - to its output, control device electronic keys with two input and one output terminals, one of the inputs of which is the input of the ignition system, and an ignition coil, the output of the secondary winding of which is the output of the ignition system characterized in that a choke and two input and one output terminals of the electronic key control device are introduced into it, one of the terminals of the inductor being connected to the connection point of the output of the DC / DC converter and one of the terminals of the first storage capacitor, the second terminal of the inductor is connected to the input of the first the electronic key and the first input terminal of the electronic key management device, and the output of the first electronic key is connected to one of the terminals of the second storage capacitor, the second input one output of the electronic key control device and a common connection point of the input of the second electronic key and the reverse diode cathode, a common connection point of the reverse diode anode and the output of the second electronic key are connected to the third input terminal of the electronic key control device and to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the ignition coil, except In addition, the second terminals of the storage capacitors, the common terminal of the DC / DC converter and the common terminal of the ignition coil are connected to a common bus, and the first and second th output terminals of the electronic key management device connected to the control inputs of the first and second electronic switches, respectively, wherein the fourth input key electronic control device is an input terminal of the ignition system.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the key management device comprises two optoelectronic switches, a capacitor, a diode, a one-shot, elements 2I and 2OR, and the first input terminal of the electronic key management device is connected to the cathode terminal of the input diode of the first optoelectronic switch, the output the anode of which is connected to the second terminal of the electronic key control device and one of the terminals of the capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the diode and the anode terminal of the input diode of the second opt an electronic switch, the cathode output of which and the anode of the diode are connected to the third input terminal of the electronic key control device, one of the inputs of the 2I element and the input of the single vibrator are connected to the fourth input terminal of the key control device, while the second input of the 2I element is connected to the output terminal of the second optoelectronic switch, the output of the 2AND element is connected to one input of the 2OR element, the output of a single vibrator is connected to the other input of the 2OR element, the output of which is connected to the first output terminal of the device ION electronic switches, and the output terminal of the first optoelectronic switch - a second output terminal of the electronic key management device.

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