RU2147532C1 - Loading-and-transportation set - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; loading and transportation of agricultural and other loads. SUBSTANCE: proposed loading-and-transportation set has tractor 1 furnished with load-lifting device 2 with quickly detachable working members 3 in front and counterweight 4 with tie-rods in rear, and trailing vehicle. Counterweight is made in form of fifth-wheel coupler installed on sidemembers hinge-coupled with equalizer resting on axle of pneumatic wheels. Trailing vehicle is made in form of semitrailer 5 or body with hitch pivot 7 and controlled support posts. Sidemembers are mechanically coupled with equalizer by means of hydraulic cylinders and are hinge-coupled with locking lever engaging with cross beam installed on tractor rear mounting. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities, reduced labour input is displacement of counterweight at transportation of loads, enhanced stability of set. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to vehicles for loading and transportation of agricultural and other goods.

 Known loading and technological unit (see "Owner", N 10, 1991, pp. 18-22), consisting of a tractor, front-end loader PKU-0.8 with a transition frame, on which quick-detachable working bodies are mounted, and a trailed chopper -distributor for receiving, transporting and distributing feed. The feed chopper is dispensed and transported to the distribution points by a tractor with a front-end loader.

 The disadvantage of the unit is the unsatisfactory longitudinal stability of the tractor during loading operations due to the lack of counterweight.

 Known loading and conveying unit for loading various agricultural goods into vehicles and transporting them to places of stacking or storage, adopted as a prototype (see universal loader-dump truck PKU-0.8, technical description and instruction manual, 1987, p. 3-6, 9, 19, 21).

 The unit contains a tractor equipped with a lifting device with quick-detachable working bodies in front and a counterweight with rods at the rear, and a towed vehicle.

 The disadvantage of the unit is the need for additional energy costs associated with the movement of a counterweight constantly mounted on the tractor with traction at the rear when carrying out transport work.

 To eliminate this drawback, the counterweight is made in the form of a fifth wheel mounted on the side members pivotally connected to a balancer resting on the axis of the pneumatic wheels, and the vehicle is made in the form of a semi-trailer or a body with a coupling pin and controllable support legs, while the side members are kinematically connected with a balancer with the help of hydraulic cylinders and pivotally connected with a locking lever interacting with a transverse beam mounted on the rear linkage of the tractor.

 The hinge attachment to the tractor of the fifth wheel coupling mounted on the side members pivotally connected to the balancer resting on the axle of the pneumatic wheels and the construction of the vehicle in the form of a semi-trailer or a body with a coupling pin and controllable support legs allows to reduce the costs associated with moving the counterweight on transport work, and to perform both loading and transport operations, providing sufficient stability of the tractor when loading goods.

 In FIG. 1 shows a handling unit in a transport position in a variant with a semi-trailer (side view).

 In FIG. 2 - the same in the version with the body.

 In FIG. 3 - the same when performing loading operations.

 In FIG. 4 - the same at the time of transfer of the counterweight to a suspended position (side view).

 The loading and transport unit consists of a tractor 1 (Fig. 1) equipped with a lifting device 2 with quick-detachable working elements 3 in front and a counterweight 4 with rods at the rear, and a trailed vehicle.

 The counterweight is made in the form of a fifth wheel coupling 19 mounted on the side members 9 using a stand 18 (Fig. 3). The spars are rigidly interconnected by a cross member 10 in the lower part and an arm 11 at the top, forming a frame tapering to the bottom, to which a coupling loop 12 is attached for attachment to the tractor.

 In the middle part, the side members with a hinge 13 are connected with the balancer 14, the lower end resting on the axis 16 of the pneumatic wheels.

 The vehicle is made in the form of a semi-trailer 5 (Fig. 1) or a body 6 (Fig. 2) with a coupling pin 7 and guided racks 8.

 The spars are kinematically connected to the balancer using a telescopic three-stage 20 and one-stage 21 hydraulic cylinders and are pivotally connected to the locking lever 15, interacting with the transverse beam 22 mounted on the rear linkage of the tractor.

 A fifth wheel with spars, a balancer and pneumatic wheels form a trolley used to attach a vehicle to a tractor.

 To couple the unit, the tractor 1 with the trolley in reverse is fed to the semi-trailer 5 (Fig. 1) or to the body 6 (Fig. 2), which is standing on the site with the support legs lowered. In this case, the coupling pin 7 will be tightly clamped and fixed by the fifth wheel coupling 19, and the supporting posts 8 will be transferred to the transport position. In the version with the body, the rear pillars will be locked on the axis 16. Thus, the loading and transport unit will be prepared for transportation and unloading.

 For uncoupling the unit, the coupling pin and support struts 8 in the body variant are released from fixing and the tractor with the trolley is moved forward. The support legs of the semitrailer or the body will lower under the action of their own weight and will be fixed in the position in which the semitrailer or the body rests on them when parking.

 When carrying out loading operations in vehicles of another type, the trolley serves as a counterweight.

 The trolley is moved to the position when it is used as a counterweight by installing the handle of the tractor hydraulic distributor so that the oil enters the piston cavity of the three-stage cylinder 20. As a result of the extension of the cylinder rods, the spars rotate counterclockwise around the point of their engagement with the tractor, and the balancer 14 moves on wheels in the direction of the tractor. The forked lever 15 thus engages with its hooks with the transverse beam 22, fixing the side members and the balancer in the position shown in FIG. 4. Then, by supplying oil to the rod cavity of the one-stage cylinder 21, the balancer is lifted together with the pneumatic wheels 17 to a predetermined height (Fig. 3). The loading and transport unit is then ready for loading operations.

 The possibility of moving the trolley from the transport position to the suspended one and vice versa allows both transport and loading operations to be carried out by the same machine with sufficient longitudinal stability of the tractor during loading and to reduce the costs associated with moving the counterweight during transportation.

 The technical solution does not have a negative impact on the environment, since the effect on the soil and the emission of harmful impurities into the atmosphere do not exceed the values established by the standards.

Claims (1)

 A loading and transport unit comprising a tractor equipped with a lifting device with quick-detachable working bodies in front and a counterweight with rods at the rear, and a towed vehicle, characterized in that the counterweight is made in the form of a fifth wheel mounted on side members pivotally connected to the balancer, based on the axle of the pneumatic wheels, and the vehicle is made in the form of a semi-trailer or body with a coupling pin and controlled support pillars, while the spars are kinematic associated with the balance and with the help of hydraulic cylinders is pivotally connected with the locking lever cooperating with a transverse beam mounted on the rear hitch of the tractor.

Images