RU2143922C1 - Method of air sanitation in room - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; method may be used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. SUBSTANCE: method involves positioning in room coniferous decorative plants and foliate ever-green decorative plants with definite foliated surface areas and with total density of plant arrangement equal to 0.23-0.35 pc/sq.m. EFFECT: optimal content of organic substances in air. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to methods of rehabilitation, improving the human environment indoors, in need of fresh air. In particular, the invention can be used for therapeutic purposes.

 There is a method of saturating indoor air with medicinal substances, including supplying air to the room using an air duct equipped with a source of medicinal and aromatic substances, the supply of which can be dosed (US Pat. RF 2039576).

 The disadvantage of this method is its high cost, the unreliability used for this installation from a fire point of view. In addition, an overdose of drugs is possible.

 A known method of sanitation of indoor air, including the processing of the sanitized premises with volatile substances of essential oil plants of the genus Origanum (oregano) in an amount of not less than 300 μg per 100 cubic meters of sanitized premises (US Pat. 2102085).

 The disadvantages of this method are its high cost, a small spectrum of antimicrobial activity, the absence of a complex effect on the environment, the possibility of an overdose of drugs.

 Under natural conditions, volatile organic substances secrete plants and soil microflora.

 Closest to the invention, the solution adopted as a prototype is a method of improving air in enclosed spaces, which includes placing coniferous ornamental plants with a dense crown in the room (USSR AS 1803679).

 The disadvantage of this method is the inefficiency of the rehabilitation of the premises due to the narrow spectrum of released volatile substances in the air of the room, as well as the relative high cost associated with additional ultraviolet treatment.

 By adjusting the doses and the qualitative composition of biologically active substances released by plants into the air of the room in which a person is located, it is possible to increase his working capacity, create a good mood, eliminate harmful gaseous compounds present in the air, reduce dustiness, suppress and destroy the growth of pathogenic and harmful bacteria, and in a number of cases, and viruses, improve ionization, conduct a range of recreational activities. This occurs due to the interaction of the released phytoncides with substances and organisms in the air of the room, and the absorption of harmful substances by plants.

 The composition of the air largely depends on the area of the deciduous surface of trees emitting volatile substances, on the concentration of phytoncides and their composition, on the biological activity of the released substances. It is well known that for people suffering from heart disease, an increased concentration of terpenoids is contraindicated.

 On the other hand, in enclosed spaces, breathing completely clean, made up of purified gases in the right proportion, does not provide all the needs of the human body, this air is inanimate, you cannot constantly be in it, because this increases the risk of various diseases.

 The optimal content and ratio of organic volatile substances (aerofolins) in the air emitted by plants located in the room is the purpose of this invention.

 To achieve this goal, we suggest using a method of improving indoor air, including placing coniferous ornamental plants in it with a leaf surface area of 2.8 - 6.8 sq.m.

 Evergreen deciduous ornamental plants are additionally placed in the room in a leaf surface area of 0.7 - 1.6 sq. M with a total plant density of 0.23 - 0.35 pcs / sq. M, and the concentration of aerofolins released by plants into the air is 2 , 7 - 16.8 mg / m3.

 The method is as follows.

 In laboratory conditions, the phytoncidal activity of more than 20 species of plants used was determined to suppress the growth of seeded microorganisms by aerofolines secreted by plants.

Used bacterial test cultures:
A - streptococcus pneumondae
B - HalmophyIIus influenzae
B - streptococcus aureus
G - sarcin
D - Staphylococcus aureus
The results of the experiments are shown in table 1.

 According to the test results, decorative plants with the highest activity were selected, from which compositions were then compiled in modules placed in enclosed spaces.

For the second stage of the experiment, a closed room was used. The indoor air contained:
carbon dioxide - 3.14 10% (vol.)
formaldehyde - 9 - 12 mcg / m3
harmful bacteria - 1000 pcs.

oxygen - 540 - 670 mg / 100 cubic meters
Modules consisting of various coniferous and evergreen deciduous ornamental plants at various density of placement are installed in the examined room.

As coniferous ornamental plants used:
- mountain pine (Pinus mugo var.pumilio),
- Cossack juniper (Juniperus sabina L),
- Canadian spruce (picea canadensis Brett),
- pea cypress (Chamaecyparis pisufera "Bolevard Endl.

- Balsam fir (Nbies balsamea Mill. "Hudsonia")
- cypress cyanobacteria "Golden" (Chamaecyparis obfusa sieb.et.Zucc.f. "Aurea").

As evergreen deciduous ornamental plants used:
- noble laurel (Laurus nobiles L.)
- spherical eucalyptus (Euculypthus globulus Labill),
- common myrtle (Myrtus communos L.).

The results are summarized in table. 2
It has been established that the effectiveness of cleaning indoor air from the above chemicals also depends on the volume of soil in contact with air. In the above examples, the volume of the nutrient medium was, respectively, in module 1 - 1.59 cubic meters, in the second - 1.85 cubic meters, in the third - 2.43 cubic meters, which directly depended on the choice of density ornamental plants.

 Before the experiment and after 3 days, air analyzes were taken and the gas composition was determined by gas chromatography with preliminary concentration of volatiles. Using the proposed method allowed to reduce the content of formaldehyde in the room by 82.5% and carbon dioxide by 91%, while simultaneously increasing the oxygen content in the room by almost half.

 In people who have been in a sanitized facility for a long time, allergic reactions were not observed. Positive actions had, among other things, pleasant emotions associated with aesthetic therapy and the subtle smells of volatile substances of plants, filling the room with aromas of forests and meadows, and causing people to feel fresh, cheerful and light.

 The use of modules from ornamental plants in accordance with the claimed method caused a decrease in the tension of the nervous system, had a sedative effect, removed the state of discomfort, and increased the protective properties of the human body.

Claims (1)

A method of improving indoor air, including placing coniferous ornamental plants with a dense crown in a room, characterized in that the leaf area of coniferous ornamental plants is 2.8-6.8 m ^2, and evergreen deciduous ornamental plants with a leaf area of 0 are additionally placed in the room, 7-1.6 m ² , while the total density of plants is 0.23-0.35 pcs / m ² , and the concentration in the air of the aerofolins released by plants is 2.7-16.8 mg / m ³ .

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