RU212750U1 - TIER GATE SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING FLAT CASTINGS WITH MASSIVE KNOTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to foundry production. The casting mold for manufacturing flat castings with massive nodes contains the upper (1) and lower (2) half-moulds with intermediate rods (8) placed in them and a tiered gating system. Gas exhaust channels (12) are made along the perimeter of the half-moulds. Intermediate rods of the same configuration are placed one above the other and form three tiers of cavities for forming castings, with the lower parts of the rods forming the upper parts of the castings, and the upper parts forming the lower parts. Two tiers of cavities are located in the lower half of the mold and one tier - in the upper one, which allows the maximum use of the height of the flask for the location of the castings in the mold. Profits (3) are formed by intermediate rods and half-forms and contain two necks (4) in each tier. The metal from the vertical cylindrical riser (5) and the horizontal slag tank (7) located in the upper half of the mold sequentially enters the vertical feeders (10) diverted from the horizontal slag tank to the lower half of the mold, then to the horizontal feeders (11) located on both sides of the vertical feeders, in the profit (3), and, through the necks (4) of the profit, in the cavity for the formation of castings. EFFECT: increased productivity and quality of castings. 3 ill.

Description

This utility model relates to foundry production, to the manufacture of foundry molds, namely to devices for supplying molten metal, and can be used in the production of steel and cast iron castings, namely, medium-sized flat castings with massive nodes.

The closest to the claimed utility model is a tiered gating system for the manufacture of castings (RF patent No. 159399, MGZh V22S 9/08), containing a horizontal slag trap located in the upper half of the mold, a vertical cylindrical riser with a gating bowl and filter systems installed alternately along the slag trap with diverted from them with feeders, profit and core inserts, and in the lower half-mould an intermediate rod is horizontally installed, which provides the possibility of placing castings in two tiers relative to the parting line of the half-moulds, while the profit contains two necks located in the lower and upper parts of the profit to feed the castings of each tier.

The disadvantages of the known tiered gating system are:

low productivity in the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes due to the small number of castings placed in the mold;

low casting yield for flat castings with massive nodes due to the large weight of the gating feed system per casting;

high consumption of energy carriers for melting and operation of an automatic molding line per one casting;

high consumption of molding materials per casting, since there is no possibility to use the mold over the entire height;

reduced durability of model equipment, due to the possibility of removing castings from one mold.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at improving productivity and quality in the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the tiered gate system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes, containing the upper and lower half-moulds with profits placed in them with necks, located in the upper half-mold, a vertical cylindrical riser with a gate bowl, a horizontal slag pit with feeders removed from it, horizontally intermediate rods installed in the lower half of the mold, which provide the possibility of arranging the castings in tiers relative to the parting line, have the same configuration and are located one above the other, while the lower and upper parts of the intermediate rods form the upper and lower parts of the castings, respectively, the profits are formed due to the closure of the intermediate rods, upper and lower half-moulds and contain two necks in each tier, with two tiers located in the lower half-mold and one in the upper half-mould, in addition, vertical and horizontal feeders are additionally placed in the lower half-mold, and horizontal feeders are located on both sides of the vertical feeders, and along the perimeter of the lower and upper halves of the molds there are gas outlet channels connected with the cavities of the castings.

In FIG. 1 shows a tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes, general view;

in fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. 2;

in fig. 3 - a tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes is shown, a general view from a 3/4 perspective.

The inventive tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes contains the upper and lower molds 1 and 2, respectively. Profits 3 with necks 4 are placed in half-forms 1 and 2.

In the upper half-mold 1 there is a vertical cylindrical riser 5 with a gating cup 6 and horizontally located slag pits 7 with feeders removed from them into the lower half-mould 2.

In the lower half-mold 2, intermediate rods 8 are horizontally installed to accommodate castings 9, and the feeders consist of vertical feeders 10, from which, in each tier of the gate system, horizontal feeders 11 are removed on both sides. Two tiers of the gate system are located in the lower half-mold 1 and one tier in the upper floor form 2.

Along the perimeter of the lower and upper half-forms 2 and 1, respectively, there are gas exhaust channels 12 to remove air from the mold and better fill it with metal. The gas exhaust channels 12 are connected with the casting cavities and ensure the exit of air from the casting cavities, which leads to the smooth filling of each cavity of the casting 9 placed in the mold with metal.

The intermediate rods 8 have the same configuration and are located one above the other. In this case, the lower part of the intermediate rods 8 forms the upper part of the casting 9, placed in the lower tier, and the upper part of the intermediate rods 8 forms the lower part of the casting 9, placed in the subsequent upper tier.

Thus, due to the installation of intermediate rods 8 into the lower half-mould 2, the formation of castings 9 is as follows.

In the lower, first tier, the lower part of the castings is formed by the lower half-mold 2, and the upper part of the casting is formed by the lower part of the intermediate rod 8. On the second tier, the casting 9 is formed completely inside the rods 8: the lower part of the casting 9 is formed by the upper part of the intermediate rod 8 of the lower tier the upper part of the casting 9 is formed by the lower part of the intermediate rod 8 of the next tier. On the third, uppermost tier, the lower part of the casting 9 is formed by the upper part of the intermediate rod 8 of the previous tier, and the upper part of the casting is formed by the upper half-mould 1.

Profits 3 are formed due to the closure of intermediate rods 8, the upper and lower half-forms 1 and 2, respectively. Each of the profits 3 contains two necks 4 in each tier. The necks 4 of the profits 3 of the two lower tiers, the first and second, are made by an intermediate rod 8, the necks 4 of the third tier are made by the upper half-mold 1.

The operation of the tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes is arranged as follows.

Through the gating bowl 6, the molten metal is fed into the vertical riser 5. Then, through the slag 7 and vertical feeders 10, the metal flow, being distributed on both sides of the feeders 10, along the horizontal feeders 11, the metal enters into the profit 3 and further, through the necks 4 of the profit 3 into the cavity , forming castings 9.

Filling the mold with metal occurs sequentially. First of all, the lower first tier of castings is filled, then the second and third. The upper parts of the risers 3 are filled last. Thus, a casting cluster with risers and feed channels (horizontal and vertical feeders, slag tanks, a riser and a bowl) is formed.

Next, the process of crystallization of the metal is carried out, after which the cycle of forming castings in the mold is completed. After the operation of knocking out the castings and the gating system on the knockout grate, the castings are separated from the molding sand.

Uniform baking of the mold allows the molding sand to avoid the formation of large and dense lumps. Due to this, the molding sand is freely separated from the casting through the holes on the knockout grid and enters as a return sand for re-moulding.

The tiered gating system for the production of flat castings with massive nodes was tested in the production of the Foundry Plant of PJSC KAMAZ, the test results are positive: material consumption, energy consumption and labor intensity are reduced; reduced the level of internal marriage. As a result of the simulation, it was confirmed that there is no shrinkage defect in the castings.

The design of the inventive tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes corresponds to the optimal rate of filling the castings with metal.

Due to the manufacture and installation of intermediate rods, it becomes possible to maximize the use of the height of the flask with the maximum location of the castings in the mold. The ability to place castings in a mold in 3 tiers depends only on the thickness (massive knots) of the castings. In the production of flat castings with massive units, it is advisable to place castings of the same configuration on each tier in the mold. The inventive tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings with massive nodes is relevant, for example, in the production of castings of the "spring pad" type.

Separate horizontal feeders are provided for each pair of castings. The number and cross-section of feeders is calculated and depends on the speed of pouring and the uniformity of filling the mold. For convenient insertion of intermediate rods into the mold, their size is the same on all tiers.

In comparison with known technical solutions, the claimed utility model has the following advantages:

high productivity in the manufacture of flat castings due to the tiered placement of castings in the mold, provided by the presence of intermediate rods that partially form castings;

allows to improve the quality of castings due to the presence of profits that prevent the formation of shrinkage cavities in castings;

high yield of suitable castings due to the tiered placement of castings in the mold, which entails a reduction in the weight of the gating feed system per one casting;

reduction of the risk of obtaining defective castings due to blockage due to the presence of intermediate cores, due to which the formation of castings of the middle and lower tiers occurs inside the intermediate core, which significantly reduces the formation of rejects due to erosion and weed shells;

energy savings for melting and the operation of an automatic molding line due to the use of a mold over the entire height with intermediate rods, which entails a reduction in energy costs per casting;

low consumption of molding materials due to the use of the mold along the entire height: the presence of intermediate rods, which significantly reduces the consumption of molding materials;

the stability of the model equipment per one casting has been increased due to the presence of intermediate rods, which makes it possible to produce a larger number of castings in one removal;

it is desirable to use the gating system directly for the production of flat castings with massive knots, since castings of the same configuration can be placed in three tiers in the mold.

Claims (1)

A casting mold for the manufacture of flat castings with massive units, containing the upper and lower half-moulds with intermediate rods placed in them, horizontally installed in the lower half-mold and providing the possibility of arranging the cavities for the formation of castings in tiers relative to the parting line of the half-moulds, and a tiered gating system containing a vertical cylindrical riser with a gating cup and a horizontal slag pit located in the upper mold half, vertical feeders diverted from the horizontal slag pit into the lower mold half, and feeders with necks, characterized in that the intermediate rods are made of the same configuration and are placed in the mold one above the other with the possibility of forming cavities for castings in three tiers, with two tiers of cavities for forming castings located in the lower half of the mold and one tier in the upper half of the mold, with the formation of the lower parts of the intermediate rods of the upper parts of the castings, and the upper parts of the intermediate rods - the lower parts of the castings; the sides of the vertical feeders, and in the profit, the necks of which are made to ensure the flow of molten metal into the cavities for the formation of castings, while along the perimeter of the lower and upper halves of the molds, gas exhaust channels are made connected with the cavities for the formation of castings.

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