RU210596U1 - TIER GATE SYSTEM FOR PLATE CASTING PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to foundry production and can be used to create gating systems in the manufacture of flat castings. The tiered gating system contains the upper and lower mold halves. In the upper half of the mold there is a vertical cylindrical riser with a gate bowl, core inserts and a horizontally located slag tank. Filtering systems are installed along the slag tank with feeders removed from them into the lower mold half. In the lower half mold, intermediate rods are horizontally installed to accommodate castings, vertical and horizontal feeders. Horizontal feeders are located on both sides of the vertical feeders. Slotted feeders are assigned to each casting from horizontal feeders. Along the perimeter of the lower and upper halves of the molds, gas exhaust channels are made, which are connected with the cavities of the castings. EFFECT: increase in productivity and quality of flat castings due to fast filling of the cavity of castings with the exclusion of defects due to underfilling. 3 ill.

Description

This utility model relates to foundry production, to the manufacture of foundry molds, namely to devices for supplying molten metal, and can be used in the production of flat castings from steel and cast iron.

Closest to the claimed utility model is a tiered gating system for the manufacture of castings (RF patent No. 159399, MPK V22S 9/08), containing a horizontal slag trap located in the upper half-mould, a vertical cylindrical riser with a gating bowl and filter systems installed alternately along the slag trap with diverted from feeders, profit and core inserts, and an intermediate rod is horizontally installed in the lower half-mould, which provides the possibility of placing castings in two tiers relative to the parting line of the half-moulds, while the profit contains two necks located in the lower and upper parts of the profit to feed the castings of each tier.

The disadvantages of the known tiered gating system are:

- low productivity in the manufacture of flat castings due to the small number of castings placed in the mold;

- low yield of good castings for flat castings due to the large weight of the gating feed system per one casting;

- high energy consumption for melting and operation of the automatic molding line per one casting;

- a high level of rejects in the production of flat castings due to underfilling due to a long spill of metal from the ladle and cooling of the metal;

- high consumption of molding materials per casting, since there is no possibility to use the mold over the entire height;

- reduced durability of model equipment, due to the possibility of removing castings from one mold;

- it is undesirable to use the gating system for the production of flat castings, since the filling of each casting in the mold is carried out only through 1 neck of the profit, and in the areas of the casting cavities far from the feeders, due to the cooling of the metal, a marriage of underfilling is obtained.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at improving the productivity and quality of manufacturing flat castings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings, containing a vertical cylindrical riser with a gating cup located in the upper half-mould, core inserts, a horizontally located slag tank with filter systems installed along it with feeders diverted from them and intermediate horizontally installed in the lower half-mold rods for placing castings, additionally in the lower mold half contains vertical feeders, on both sides of which there are horizontal feeders with slotted feeders for each casting taken away from them, and along the perimeter of the lower and upper mold halves there are gas exhaust channels connected with the casting cavities.

In FIG. 1 shows a tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings, a general view from a 3/4 perspective;

in fig. 2 shows a tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings, general view;

in fig. 3 - section A-A in Fig. 2.

The inventive tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings contains the upper and lower molds 1 and 2, respectively.

In the upper half-mould 1 there is a vertical cylindrical riser 3 with a gate bowl 4, rod inserts 5 and a horizontally located slag 6, along which filtering systems 7 are installed with feeders 8 taken away from them into the lower half-mould 2.

In the lower half-mould 2, intermediate rods 9 are horizontally installed to accommodate flat castings 10 and vertical feeders 11, on both sides of which there are horizontal feeders 12 with slotted feeders 13 extending from them for each casting 10.

Along the perimeter of the placement of the lower and upper half-moulds 2 and 1, respectively, gas outlet channels 14 are made to remove air from the mold and better fill it with metal. The gas outlet channels 14 are connected to the casting cavities and ensure the exit of air from the casting cavities, which leads to the smooth filling of each casting cavity placed in the mold with metal.

The intermediate rods 9 are installed in such a way that in the lower, first tier, the lower part of the casting is formed by the lower half-mold 2, and the upper part of the casting is formed by the lower part of the intermediate rod 9. On the second and subsequent tiers, the casting is formed completely inside the rods: the lower part of the casting is formed by the upper part intermediate rod 9 of the lower tier, and the upper part of the casting is formed by the lower part of the intermediate rod 9 of the next tier. On the last, uppermost tier, the lower part of the casting is formed by the upper part of the intermediate rod of the previous tier, and the upper part of the casting is formed by the upper half-mould 1.

The work of the tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings is arranged as follows.

Through the gating cup 4, the molten metal is fed into the vertical riser 3 and through the slag 6 enters the filter systems 7. Purified from impurities (slag, molding sand residues and refractory mass), the metal through the feeders 8 diverted from the filter systems enters the vertical feeders 11. Next , being distributed on both sides of the feeders 11, the metal enters the horizontal feeders 12 and further, into the slot feeders 13, through which it enters the cavities that form the castings 10.

Filling the mold with metal occurs sequentially. First of all, the lower 1st tier of castings is filled, then the 2nd, 3rd, etc. The last to fill the upper tier of the castings. Thus, a casting cluster with a gating system is formed.

Next, the process of crystallization of the metal is carried out, after which the cycle of forming castings in the mold is completed. After the knockout operation of the castings and the gating system on the knockout grate, the castings are separated from the molding sand.

Uniform baking of the mold allows the molding sand to avoid the formation of large and dense lumps. Due to this, the molding sand is freely separated from the casting through the holes on the knockout grid and enters as a return sand for re-moulding.

The tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings was tested in the production of the Foundry Plant of PJSC KAMAZ, the test results are positive: material consumption, energy consumption and labor intensity are reduced; reduced the level of internal marriage. As a result of the simulation, it was confirmed that there is no shrinkage defect in the castings.

The design of the inventive tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings corresponds to the optimal rate of filling flat castings with metal.

Due to the manufacture and installation of intermediate rods, it becomes possible to maximize the use of the height of the flask with the maximum location of the castings in the mold. It is possible to place castings in a mold in 2-5 tiers, it depends only on the thickness of flat castings. In addition, in the production of flat castings, it is advisable to place not one, but several types (configurations) of castings on each tier in the mold. The tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings is relevant, for example, in the production of gratings, doors and walls for barbecues, fireplaces and stoves, as well as small architectural forms, such as fencing elements for lawns, parks and recreation areas.

When placing castings in tiers, a desirable criterion is the location of more massive castings on the lower tiers, lighter ones - in the upper tiers. Separate horizontal slot feeders are provided for each casting. The number and cross-section of feeders is calculated and depends on the speed of pouring and the uniformity of filling the mold. For convenient insertion of intermediate rods into the mold, their size is the same on all tiers.

In comparison with known technical solutions, the claimed utility model has the following advantages:

- high productivity in the manufacture of flat castings due to the tiered placement of castings in the mold, provided by the presence of intermediate rods, vertical and horizontal feeders;

- allows you to improve the quality of castings due to the presence of slot feeders for each casting, which allows hot metal to quickly fill the cavities of the castings, eliminating defects due to underfilling;

- high yield of good castings due to the tiered placement of castings in the mold, which entails a reduction in the weight of the gating feed system per one casting;

- energy savings for melting and the operation of an automatic molding line due to the use of a mold over the entire height with intermediate rods, vertical and horizontal feeders, which entails a reduction in energy costs per casting;

- low consumption of molding materials due to the use of the mold over the entire height: the presence of intermediate rods, vertical and horizontal feeders, which significantly reduces the consumption of molding materials;

- increased durability of model equipment per one casting due to the presence of intermediate rods, vertical and horizontal feeders, which makes it possible to produce a greater number of castings in one removal;

- it is desirable to use the gating system directly for the production of flat castings, since castings can be placed in 2-5 tiers in the mold, and the castings can be of different configurations.

Claims (1)

A tiered gating system for the manufacture of flat castings, containing a vertical cylindrical riser with a gating cup located in the upper mold half, core inserts, a horizontally located slag pit with filter systems installed along it with feeders removed from them, and intermediate rods horizontally installed in the lower mold half for placing castings, which differs the fact that the lower mold half contains vertical feeders, on both sides of which there are horizontal feeders with slotted feeders for each casting removed from them, and along the perimeter of the lower and upper mold halves there are gas exhaust channels, made with the possibility of communication with the cavities of the castings.

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