RU2127041C1 - Hygienic filler for cat lavatory - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: household chemical goods. SUBSTANCE: filler is one of natural sorbents with high porosity - 50- 90%, water absorbing 25-200%, and sorption capacity 25.0-250 mg-equ/100 g: zeolite, diatomite, opoka, tripolite, palygorsite, bentonite, green sand, vermiculite, or their mixtures treated at different temperatures (from 90 to 1200 C), crushed into 1-7 mm fraction and tightly packed. Filler is supplemented with 1-2 wt % of gypsum. Filler assures hygiene of household cats and dogs. EFFECT: increased hygienic efficiency. 4 cl, 3 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the maintenance of domestic animals, in particular cats, in multi-storey residential buildings.

 A cat is a rather individual animal, which is difficult to train, so there are certain difficulties in taming it to a certain place and a certain filler for the toilet. Until now, we did not have, but still do not have in trade, domestic high-quality hygienic fillers for cat litter.

The claimed solution is aimed at increasing the culture of life of people who love pets, and provides them with a wide selection of hygienic fillers that satisfy the individual tastes of any representative of the cat breed.
The hygienic filler "CATSAN ^R " developed by WALTHAM, manufactured by Effet Gmbh, 27281 Verden / Allor, Germany, is currently known. The filler absorbs odor rather actively, but its water absorption is small - 50-60%. The closest analogue is the hygienic cat litter "Tomac ^R " 4008429794216 made in Cyprus. This filler is made of natural clay, has a large water absorption: 100 - 150%. Its disadvantage is that it quickly soaks, the granules lose their shape, the wet mass increases in diameter over time, becomes viscous and sticky, sticks to the bottom and walls of the tray, which makes cleaning it an unpleasant procedure. After cleaning, the tray must be dried, otherwise the mass adheres to the damp walls and the tray is subsequently difficult to clean. Filler weakly absorbs odors. Some cats get used to it for a long time.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the sorption capacity of the filler for more active absorption of odors, water absorption, maintaining the shape of the granules when wet, saturating the market with domestic high-quality products, reducing its cost.

 The inventive material differs from the known one in that the mineral raw materials are not clay and sands, but natural mineral sorbents: zeolites, diatomites, flasks, tripoli, palygorskites, bentonites, perlites, glauconites, vermiculites.

The essence of the proposed solution is as follows. Natural mineral sorbents having a total porosity of 50 - 90% and a sorption capacity of 50 - 250 mEq / 100 g are dried, heat treated at temperatures of 90 - 1200 ^o C, crushed, dispersed into fractions of 1 - 7 mm, thermally packed for transportation and long-term storage.

 When used, the filler is poured into the tray with a layer of 3-4 cm, after 2 to 3 days the contents of the tray are removed, the tray is washed and the cycle repeats.

 Zeolites are aqueous aluminosilicates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, the crystal lattice of which is built of five-six-membered and even more complex rings formed by silicon-oxygen tetrahedra. As a result of this structure, in the intracrystalline space of zeolites, a system of microcavities interconnected with each other and with the environment is formed, in which exchange cations and water molecules are located. Dehydrated by heating zeolites acquire the ability to adsorb molecules of various substances ("Unconventional types of non-metallic mineral raw materials" edited by Distanov UG, Filko AS M .: Nedra, 1990).

 Diatomites, flasks, tripoli are fine-pore sedimentary rocks, consisting mainly of active silica and having a small bulk mass and a high specific surface. These are non-uniformly porous sorbents with a large number of micro- and macropores, with a diameter of 10 to 1000 nm.

 Palygorskite is a clay mineral with pronounced anisotropy. It is an aqueous silicate of aluminum and magnesium of a layered tape structure. The rigid framework of the palygoscite crystal lattice is penetrated by longitudinal pore channels, which are associated with the ability of the palygoskite to selectively adsorb.

 Bentonites are minerals, which are finely dispersed highly flexible rocks with binding, thixotropic and sorption properties. They are usually dense, often strong (to stone-like), greasy to the touch, with a comminuted or semi-brittle fracture, of various colors - from white to black, but often blue, yellow and greenish tones, sticky and viscous when wet, with strong moisture turn into gel state.

Perlite - volcanic glass containing more than 1 - 1.5% chemically bound water and having the ability to swell during high-temperature (800 - 1200 ^o C) firing. These are yellowish gray, light gray or light brown breeds. Pores ranging in size from 1–2 μm to 3–8 mm are distributed randomly or grouped into bands. Pore sizes and porosity are directly proportional: the larger the number of large pores in it, the higher the perlite porosity. The porosity of thermally untreated perlite ranges from 10 to 70%. During heat treatment, the volume of perlite increases by 10 - 20 times.

 Glauconites - they are understood as layered low-temperature magnesian-ferrous minerals with a half-type mica structure of 1M and 1Md with wide variations in chemical composition. Glauconite due to its specific properties (the presence of active calcium cations, a layered structure) is used as a water softener and sorbent to absorb various harmful substances from water and soils.

 Vermiculite - vermiculite refers to mica of a high degree of hydration, capable of multiple expansions when heated. This is due to the boiling of interlayer (physically bound) water. The resulting vapor expands and separates the layers, as a result of which the crystal volume can increase by more than 25 times. The weak connection between the interlayer cations and the rest of the mineral structure determines the high cation exchange, adsorption and catalytic properties of vermiculite.

 Physico-chemical properties of the listed natural mineral sorbents, methods for their heat treatment, necessary for their use as a hygienic filler are given in table 1.

 The table shows that all the proposed rocks after a certain heat treatment (drying, firing) have a high sorption capacity, i.e. are active odor absorbers.

The inventive material is illustrated by the following examples. We studied the possibility of using various natural sorbents in pure form and their mixtures in various ratios (from 50:50 to 10:90) as hygienic fillers for cat's toilets. Natural materials were dried or fired at temperatures of 90 - 1200 ^o C (Heat treatment for each rock is shown in table 1.), crushed dispersed into fractions. For the study, a fraction of 1 - 7 mm was used, because smaller fractions can be a source of dusting in the room, larger fractions have a lower specific surface area and are less effective as sorbents. The experiment was carried out for one year at home on 50 cats of various breeds. We studied the susceptibility of cats using previously imported fillers to the proposed materials and their mixtures, the ability of the material to absorb and retain odor (in hours). Used fillers were poured into standard trays with a layer of 4 cm, as indicated in the prototype. The presence of odor was determined by the organoleptic method. The experimental results are presented in table 2.

 From the table. 2 shows that all of the proposed natural sorbents and their mixtures are suitable for cats, have a high ability to hold significant time (35 - 65 hours) odors and can be used as hygienic fillers for cat's toilets.

 In order to save fillers, 1–2% of gypsum was introduced into them and their mixtures. In this case, the mixture after moistening for 5-7 minutes turns into a fairly strong clot, which is removed, a new portion of the filler is added. In this case, the period of use of the filler increases by 1.5 times (see table 3).

 The experiments carried out confirm the possibility of using natural mineral sorbents and their mixtures as hygienic fillers for cat's toilets.

Claims (4)

1. Hygienic cat litter based on natural rocks, characterized in that natural mineral sorbents with a total porosity of 50 - 90%, a sorption capacity of 25.0 - 250 mEq / 100 g, and water absorption of 50-200 are used as breeds. %, such as flasks or tripoli, individually or in a mixture with other natural mineral sorbents, thermally treated at a temperature of 90 - 1200 ^o C, crushed to a fraction of 1 - 7 mm and hermetically packed.  2. The filler according to claim 1, characterized in that zeolites, diatomites, palygorskites, bentonites, perlites, glauconites, vermiculites are used.  3. The filler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that gypsum is introduced into it in an amount of 1 - 2% of its weight.  4. The filler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that use mixtures of individual natural mineral sorbents in various ratios.

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