RU2124691C1 - Blast-fragmentation warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, applicable in jet projectiles of salvo fire systems, artillery, aircraft and naval projectiles, as well as in other blast-fragmentation ammunition. SUBSTANCE: the blast-fragmentation warhead has a body with a uniformly contracting nose and bottom, cylinder-shaped explosive charge, layer of ready-made fragments and a nose fuze with a detonation tube located in the body. The explosive charge is made up of a set of n successively positioned explosive slabs; detonating velocity of explosive, each subsequent slab counting from the head slab at preset Di is determined from relation D_i+1= (1,1÷1,6)D_i, and the thickness of each slab is determined from relation

Description

 The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used in rockets of multiple launch rocket systems, artillery, aviation and sea shells, as well as in other high-explosive fragmentation explosives (HE) ammunition.

 The well-known "Warhead with the throwing of ready-made fragments using an explosive explosive", US patent N 3.742.856 in class F 42 B 13/48 of 07/03/73, the Essence of this invention is that due to the simultaneous initiation of a bursting charge in at several points along its axis, a combination of several explosives (EX), having different detonation speeds and giving a certain shape to individual parts of the charge, an increased speed and ordered dispersion of finished fragments (GO) should be provided. The use of three explosives with different detonation velocities and the proposed design of a bursting charge, as well as the simultaneous initiation of detonation along the entire length of the charge, ensure that detonation propagates strictly in the radial direction and the detonation wave simultaneously arrives at the bases of all GOs. This prevents possible crushing and crushing of GOs and ensures uniformity of the initial velocity of their expansion.

 The main disadvantages of this design are: the presence of a layer of glue between explosives, which can lead to incomplete contact of explosives during detonation, as well as if at least one element fails in the multipoint initiation system, uniform expansion of fragments will not be ensured.

 Known "Shell and method of its manufacture", US patent N 3.945.321 in class F 42 B 13/48 of 03/23/76, adopted by the authors for the prototype. This projectile contains a body with a detachable tapering nose, a spherical GO layer, an explosive charge, a head fuse with an initiating explosive charge, and a detonation tube. The principle of operation of this warhead is as follows: a standard head fuse is triggered, the pulse is transmitted through the detonation tube to the explosive charge and detonates from the front end of the explosive charge, the shock wave acts on the side surface of the shell and it breaks with the GO throwing.

 The disadvantage of this warhead is the uneven distribution of the rate of fragmentation of the fragments along the length of the shell due to the irrational use of charge energy of the explosive, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the fragmentation effect of the warhead.

 The objective of the present invention is to align the travel time curve of the fragments of the fragments along the length of the charge, which will increase the efficiency of the fragmentation effect of the warhead.

The problem is solved in that the high-explosive fragmentation warhead contains a body with a uniformly tapering nose and bottom, a cylindrical explosive charge located in the body, a layer of finished fragments and a head detonator with a detonation tube, the explosive charge being formed by a set of n sequentially arranged checkers explosives, while the detonation velocity of the explosives of each subsequent checker when counting from the head checker with a given D ₁ is determined from the ratio D _{i + 1} = (1 , 1-1,6) D _i , and the thickness of each piece is determined from the ratio x _i = a (D _{i + 1} / D _i - 1), where i = 1, 2, 3, ... n is the number of the piece, a is the radius of the explosive charge. Also, the last piece is made in the form of a hemisphere facing a spherical surface to the bottom, and the space between the last piece, the body and the bottom of the warhead is filled with explosives with a detonation speed of at least 1.1 D _n .

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of the ammunition RP with the proposed explosive charge.

The high-explosive fragmentation warhead contains a housing 1 with a uniformly tapering nose 2 and a bottom 3, a cylindrical explosive charge 4 located in the housing, a layer of finished fragments 5 and a head fuse 6 with a detonation tube 7, the explosive charge 4 being formed by a set of n in series located explosive blocks, while the detonation velocity of explosive of each subsequent block when counting from the head block 8 with a given D ₁ is determined from the ratio D _{i + 1} = (1.1-1.6) D _i , and the thickness of each block and is determined from the relation x _i = a (D _{i + 1} / D _i - 1), where i = 1, 2, 3, ... n is the number of the checker, a is the radius of the explosive charge. Also, the last piece 9 is made in the form of a hemisphere facing a spherical surface to the bottom, and the space between the last piece, the body and the bottom of the warhead is filled with explosive 10 with a detonation speed of at least 1.1 D _n .

The principle of operation of this warhead is as follows: a standard head fuse 6 fires, a pulse is transmitted through detonation tube 7 to the explosive charge 4, and its detonation begins. Consider the drawing, which shows the HE ammunition with the proposed explosive charge. The thickness of the ith checker is denoted by x _i , the time in which the detonation wave reaches the side surface of the shell is denoted by t _i , and the total number of checkers is denoted by n. The propagation time of the detonation wave to the lateral surface of the shell for the first and second pieces is determined by the following relations resulting from the geometry of the warhead:
t ₁ = a / D ₁ ; t ₂ = x ₁ / D ₂ + a / D ₂ .

Since to equalize the front of the detonation wave, the condition t ₁ = t ₂ = ... = t _i = ... = t _n must be satisfied, we obtain:
t ₁ = t ₂ ; a / D ₁ = x ₁ / D ₂ + a / D ₂ .

From here:
x ₁ = a (D ₂ / D ₁ - 1).

For other checkers, this ratio will be similar, that is, in general terms, the thickness of the i-th checker is defined as:
x _i = a (D _{i + 1} / D _i - 1).

Отсюда при учете всех соотношений мы получим приведенное выше отношение для нахождения количества шашек:

где
α = 1,1 - 1,6 - коэффициент в зависимости для определения D_i+1:
D_i+1 = (1,1 - 1,6)D_i = α D_i.With a known charge length L, the number of pieces can be determined from the following relation:

From here, taking into account all the ratios, we get the above ratio for finding the number of pieces:

Where
α = 1,1 - 1,6 - coefficient depending on the definition of D _{i + 1} :
D _{i + 1} = (1.1 - 1.6) D _i = α D _i .

The last piece 9 is made in the form of a hemisphere facing a spherical surface to the bottom, and the space between the last piece, the body and the bottom of the warhead is filled with explosive 10 with a detonation speed of at least 1.1 D _n . This is necessary to align the front of the detonation wave when meeting with the bottom of the warhead.

 Due to the fact that the explosive charge consists of n explosive checkers with different detonation velocities, and the detonation velocities vary according to the above ratios, an almost simultaneous exit of the detonation wave to the side surface of the warhead is achieved, which ensures a uniform velocity of fragmentation of the fragments, and with careful selection of the explosives, the travel time curve tends to a straight line, that is, a normal detonation wave is incident on the side surface of the warhead.

Claims (2)

1. A high-explosive fragmentation warhead containing a body with a uniformly tapering nose and bottom, a cylindrical explosive charge located in the body, a layer of finished fragments and a head detonator with a detonation tube, characterized in that the explosive charge is formed by a set of n consecutive checkers explosives, while the detonation velocity of the explosive of each subsequent piece when counting from the head piece with a given D ₁ is determined from the ratio D _{i + 1} = (1.1-1.6) D _i , and the thickness ka each checker is determined from the relation
X _i = a (D _{i + 1} / D _i -1),
where i = 1,2,3, .... n is the number of the checker;
a is the radius of the explosive charge. 2. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the last checker is made in the form of a hemisphere facing a spherical surface to the bottom, and the space between the last checker, the body and the bottom of the warhead is filled with explosive with a detonation speed of at least 1.1 D _n .