RU2122468C1 - Method for producing graded wheat flour - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: flour-milling industry, in particular, grain milling roll machines. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing grain for milling by cleaning, moistening and conditioning of grain with following grinding to obtain flour. Grain is ground in 1, 11 and 111 systems by means of corrugated break rolls. Each corrugation of break roll has portion of width equal to 0.2 of corrugation spacing. At least one side surface of each corrugation has at least three faces. Joined faces define rib equally spaced from corrugation top along its length and/or one face is smoothly continued by other face. In the process of grinding by break rolls of 1, 11, 111 systems during separation by sieves, groats and coarse meal are extracted in an amount of 82-83% by weight of grain, which is supplied to break roll of 1 system, and 7-10% of flour. First and second grinding systems and first, second and third milling systems apply specific load of 200-300 kg/cm per day to rolls. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of flour and product made from flour. 5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to methods for grinding grain and is intended for use in the production of wheat varietal flour.

 A known method of producing three-grade flour from wheat, closest to the invention (Rules for the organization and conduct of the technological process in flour mills. - M .: VNPO "Zernoprodukt", part 1, 1991, p. 38-39).

 The method includes preparing grain for grinding by cleaning, moistening and smoothing it, stage-by-stage crushing on torn systems, processing on grinding systems and grinding on grinding systems with screen separation of grinding products and the formation of flour varieties with a yield of 75%.

 According to the known method, crushing and sieve separation of crushing products is carried out with the extraction of total large-dun products and flour in I, II and III tattered systems in the amount of 78-80%, including flour in the amount of 13-15% of the grain weight fed to the I torn the system. However, the total amount of grains and dunsts extracted on the first three tattered systems is not enough to load the first, second and third grinding systems, from which flour flows are obtained having the highest indicators determining the quality of flour (ash, color).

 Thus, the inability to isolate products of the required quality for the full loading of the first, second and third grinding systems necessitates sending more grinding products to the fourth and subsequent grinding systems. And the requirement to ensure their grinding limits the productivity of the mill: an increase in the supply of grain to the first torn system with this distribution of grinding products causes a decrease in the total yield of flour.

 The technical result of the invention is to increase the yield of premium flour and, in general, high grade flour, as well as to reduce or completely eliminate the selection of second grade flour. At the same time, the productivity of the mill increases by 5-7% with a simultaneous reduction in the length of the process by 2-3 systems. Power consumption is reduced. The method also allows, without special preparation, to switch to the processing of grain of a new crop, without subjecting it to bedding for two months.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for the production of high-quality flour from wheat, which includes preparing the grain for grinding by cleaning, moistening and smoothing it, stage-by-stage crushing on torn systems, processing on grinding systems and grinding on grinding systems with sieve separation of grinding products and forming at least one kind of flour, on torn systems, crushing is carried out on rollers with flutes, each of which is limited by a platform on its surface with a width of up to 0.2 flutes and is located at an angle of sharpening by the lateral surfaces, at least one of which includes at least two faces, and the conjugated faces form an edge equidistant from the top of the corrugation along its entire length, and / or have a smooth transition of one face to another, while on the first , the second and third tattered systems during sieve separation in total recycle krupodunstnye products and flour in the amount of 82-83%, including flour in the amount of 7-10% of the mass of grain fed to the first torn system, and the first and second grinding and the first second and t etey grinding systems create a specific load on the rollers 180-300 kg / cm per day.

 It is preferable to crush on rollers with corrugations, each of which is limited by a platform on its surface with a width of up to 0.2 steps of the corrugation and lateral surfaces located at an angle of sharpening, one of which includes one or two, and the other three faces, and the conjugated faces form an edge equidistant from the top of the riffle along its entire length.

 Processing on the first and second grinding and grinding on the first, second and third grinding systems is preferably carried out on rifled rollers with a specific load of 200-300 kg / cm per day and the ratio of the peripheral speeds of paired rollers on the first and second grinding systems equal to 2, 0-2.5, while processing on the remaining grinding and grinding on the remaining grinding systems, it is preferable to carry out on rifled and microrough rollers.

 Processing on the first and second grinding and grinding on the first, second and third grinding systems can be carried out on microrough rollers with a specific load of 180-260 kg / cm per day, and the ratio of the peripheral speeds of paired rollers on the first and second grinding systems equal to 1 , 25-1.5.

 It is preferable to supply a product with a content of not more than 8 wt.% Of grain shells to the second grinding system and a content of not more than 4 wt.% Of grain shells to the first and second grinding systems.

 The method is as follows.

 Wheat grain milling conditions are prepared for grinding.

 The grain is cleaned of impurities, selecting fine fractions at the elevator. Then carry out cleaning from weeds, minerals and metal impurities, small and puny grains.

 From dirt and fragile shells, the surface of the grains is cleaned by washing and peeling machines with simultaneous moistening.

 Then carry out smoothing. Before crushing grain determine its moisture content. Its value is at least 16.2%. If necessary, the grain is dampened by increasing the input of moisture in the first stage of moistening.

 Moistened and weakened grain is transferred to the first flawed system.

 In FIG. 1-3, fragments of the profile of the riffle rolls used for crushing grain on torn systems are presented.

 Each rifle of a rifled roller machine, on which grain is crushed on the I, II and III torn systems, has a profile limited by a platform on its surface aa wide up to 0.2 riff steps and lateral surfaces located at an angle of sharpening. As shown in figure 1, one of the lateral surfaces - the surface of the tip includes two faces in-in and cc, forming a rib equidistant from the top of the corrugation along its entire length. Both flour and shells are obtained in crushing products less, and the total yield of coarse-grained products increases.

 Both side surfaces of the grooves can include two or more faces, forming a smooth transition along the interface line (FIGS. 2 and 3).

 You can use rollers, on the back of the flutes of which one pair of conjugated faces forms edges, and the other a smooth transition.

 Additional faces allow the grains and dunsts formed during crushing to “concentrate” in the depth of the riffle. These particles pass through the grinding zone, without being subjected to additional destructive effects. The important thing is that this does not destroy the particles of the shells. This allows you to more effectively separate shell particles from endosperm particles during grinding and enrichment on sieve machines.

 The crushing mode is adjusted so that on the I, II, and III torn systems, the total amount of extraction during sieve separation of large-dun products and flour is 82-83% of the mass of grain fed to the first torn system. The specified grinding mode is controlled every two hours by an apparatchik who takes samples of 100-150 g by suppressing the product flow along the length under the grinding rollers. The entire mass of the selected product is weighed, then manually sieved by circular rotation with a tap on the rim for 15-30 s (estimated by underseeding) on sieves N 1 (19) (for I and II torn systems) and N 08 (24) (for III torn system - large). III tattered shallow system is tuned to obtain fine grains, dunsts and a minimum of flour. The mass of passage from the sieve is divided by the mass of the sample and the percentage recovery on the roller mill of the corresponding torn system is determined.

 The crushing mode, according to which 82-83% of coarse-grained products and flour, including 7-10% of flour, is extracted from the mass of grain fed to the first torn system on I, II and III torn systems, is optimal.

 Removing smaller quantities of coarse-grained products and flour (80-81%) is inefficient, since the residue crushed on the IV torn system is clogged with shell particles, and it will be more difficult to extract premium flour from it.

 Extraction of large total quantities of coarse-grained products and flour on I, II, and III tattered systems also leads to clogging of the flour with shell particles.

 The selection of sieves in the sifting of tattered systems is carried out so as to ensure a clear separation of coarse and medium grains, as well as a mixture of fine grains with residual products during sieving.

 The first and second grinding and the first, second and third grinding systems create a specific load on the rollers of 180-300 kg / cm per day, and in the case of rifled rollers, the load is 200-300 kg / cm per day, and in the case of using microrough 180-200 kg / cm per day. In this case, the ratio of the peripheral speeds of the paired working rollers on the first and second grinding systems is 1.25-1.5 for microrough rollers and 2.0-2.5 for rifled rollers. This ensures optimal grinding of the increased number of grains and dunsts coming from I, II and III torn systems.

 To ensure the composition of the product containing the maximum endosperm, it is preferable to apply to the second grinding system with a content of not more than 8 wt.% Grain shells, and to the first and second grinding systems with a content of not more than 4 wt.% Grain shells.

 To do this, sieving systems with two gatherings are installed on the grinding systems. This allows the first gathering to isolate bran products and remove them from the grinding process.

 One or several varieties of flour are formed from grinding products.

 The flour and some other grinding products (for example, the passage of whipping machines IV dr. S.) Can be sent to a separate sifting system (1-2 sifting racks) and an additional special grade of flour can be formed by mixing flour and premium flour.

 The claimed method for the production of wheat varietal flour allows to increase the productivity of the process by 5-7%. This ensures a higher yield of premium flour. At the same time, the selection of second-grade flour is reduced or eliminated while maintaining the total yield of flour, as provided for by the rules of the Rules for the organization and conduct of the technological process in flour mills.

 The length of the technological process is reduced due to the possibility of eliminating the IV torn system of large, 11th and 12th grinding systems.

 Electricity consumption is reduced by 5-7%.

 The method can be used in the processing of grain of a new crop without tracking it for 2 months.

 When working on this method, the effect on the quality of the grinding of glassy grain is reduced, which is important for plants with single-threaded preparation of grinding batches. The method allows to increase the moisture content of grain sent for crushing by 1.0-1.5% in comparison with the norms of the Rules, which makes it possible to increase the elasticity of the grain shells and, as a result, reduce the degree of grinding. This is an important condition for increasing both the total yield of flour and the selection of premium flour.

Claims (5)

 1. A method for the production of varietal flour from wheat, including preparing grain for grinding by cleaning, moistening and smoothing it, stage-by-stage crushing on torn systems, processing on grinding systems and grinding on grinding systems, with sieve separation of grinding products, and the formation of at least one varieties of flour, characterized in that on torn systems crushing is carried out on rollers with riffles, each of which is limited by a platform on its surface with a width of up to 0.2 rifle steps and located at an angle of sharpening of the side and surfaces, at least one of which includes at least two faces, and the conjugated faces form an edge equidistant from the top of the corrugation along its entire length, and / or have a smooth transition of one face to another, while on the first, second and third In the case of sieve separation, coarse-dun products and flour in the amount of 82 - 83% are extracted in total, including flour in the amount of 7 - 10% of the mass of grain fed to the first flail system, and on the first and second grinding and the first, second and third grinding systems cos ayut specific load on the rollers 200 - 300 kg / cm per day.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the crushing is carried out on rollers with riffles, each of which is limited by a platform on its surface with a width of up to 0.2 riffles and angled side surfaces, one of which includes one or two, and the second - three faces, and the adjoining faces form an edge equidistant from the top of the riffle along its entire length.  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the processing on the first and second grinding and grinding on the first, second and third grinding systems are carried out on rifled rollers with a specific load on them of 200 - 300 kg / cm per day, with the ratio peripheral speeds of paired working rollers on the first and second grinding systems, equal to 2.0 - 2.5, and processing on the remaining grinding and grinding on the remaining grinding systems is carried out on rifled and microrough rollers.  4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the processing on the first and second grinding and grinding on the first, second and third grinding systems are carried out on microrough rollers with a specific load on them of 180 - 260 kg / cm per day, with the ratio peripheral speeds paired rollers on the first and second grinding systems, equal to 1.25 - 1.5.  5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a product with a content of not more than 8 wt.% Of shells of grain is fed to a second grinding system, and to a first and second grinding system with a content of not more than 4 wt.% Of shells grain.

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