RU2122071C1 - Process of formation of sheet piling of foundation pit in marsh and gear for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: formation of barriers while building repair foundation pits on underground oil pipe-lines laid in marshy land. SUBSTANCE: process of formation of sheet piling consists in hoisting of assembled sheet piling after tongue-and-groove connection on ground, in submersion and simultaneous removal of several piles. Unremoved piles are used in this case in the capacity of support. Gear for implementation of sheet piling of foundation pit has mechanism for submersion and removal of piles, mechanism for lifting and lowering of wall, guiding columns and jig. Mechanism for submersion and removal of piles is manufactured in the form of several hydraulic cylinders. Bodies of cylinders are fitted with common frame installed in guiding columns for movement in them. Length of frame equals length of sheet piling. EFFECT: improved quality of sheet piling, increased productivity, decreased mass of weight and facilitated removal of piles. 1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of maintenance of main oil pipelines, in particular, the creation of fences during the construction of repair pits in underground oil pipelines laid in marshy terrain.

 The known technology of strengthening the walls of repair pits in the conditions of swamps of types I and II using a UZSh-1 tongue-and-groove clogging device (see Sviridova L.T. et al. "Emergency and repair repair of trunk oil pipelines in the swamps." Overview, Transport series and storage of oil and oil products ", M. VNIIOENG, 1982, pp. 38-46), which is a pile driving equipment based on a wheeled excavator equipped with a mounted pile mast with a hydraulic hammer suspended on it. The working equipment is mounted on the rotary column of the excavator and consists of an arrow, a pile mast, a hydraulic hammer, and control hydraulic cylinders. The immersion element of the UZSh-1 device is a hydraulic hammer, which is suspended on a rope and moves along the guides of the pile mast.

 The disadvantage is the lack of verticality of the tongue and groove wall, and hence the tightness, while it is not possible to extract the tongues.

 There is a method of creating a tongue and groove wall of a foundation pit in swamps for repairing trunk pipelines, including connecting tongues with each other using lock joints, connecting tongues to the headrests of the immersion and extraction mechanism, lifting the tongue wall, dipping and removing tongues (see Methods of repairing oil pipelines in the North Western Siberia, Obzor, M., VNIIOENG, 1974, p. 25-30).

 A device is also known for creating a sheet pile wall of a pit, comprising a mechanism for immersing and removing sheet piles, a mechanism for raising and lowering the walls, guide racks, hydraulic cylinders and a conductor (see ibid.).

 According to this method, before starting work on dipping sheet piles, preparatory work is carried out, which includes: preparing the site, breaking down the axes of the sheet piling, guides for vertical dipping of the sheet piling, checking the readiness for operation of vibration absorbers, crane equipment and devices, delivering equipment to the place of work, checking and dowel preparation for immersion. Harvesting (assembly) of packages of 2 - 3 sheet piles, depending on the capacity of the crane, is done before installation at the dive site. The tongue and groove connection in the bag is made by welding. When immersing a package of three dowels, the headgear is fixed on the middle dowel. In the case of a significant deviation of the tongue and groove row from the design position, it is rectified with the help of a cable and the pull hook of the tractor or winch.

 The disadvantage is that the sheet pile row deviates from the vertical direction, as a result of which additional costs are required to correct it.

 The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of the sheet pile wall, labor productivity, reduce the weight of the load and facilitate the extraction of sheet piles.

 The problem in terms of the method is solved due to the fact that in the method of creating a sheet pile wall of the pit in the swamps for repair of trunk pipelines, which includes connecting the tongues with each other using lock joints, connecting the tongues to the headrests of the immersion and extraction mechanism, raising the sheet pile wall, immersing and removing the tongues , the tongue wall is lifted assembled after the tongues are connected together on the ground, and several tongues are immersed and removed at the same time, while When supporting the tongues, they use uncured tongues to remove the supports.

 In terms of the device, the problem is solved due to the fact that in the device for creating the tongue and groove of the pit, containing the mechanism for immersing and removing tongues, the mechanism for raising and lowering the walls, guide racks, hydraulic cylinders and the conductor, the immersion and extraction mechanism is made in the form of several hydraulic cylinders, and the housing the hydraulic cylinders are equipped with a common frame installed in the guide racks with the ability to move along them, while the length of the frame is equal to the length of the sheet pile wall.

 The technical result provided by the invention is to reduce the time and facilitate the labor spent on the repair of the pit compared to the existing method, when the fence of the pit is created by driving round wooden piles in two rows around the perimeter of the pit.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device for the construction of the sheet pile wall according to the 1st option; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 latch for locking the frame in the guide racks; in FIG. 4 is a general view of a device for constructing a sheet pile wall according to the 2nd embodiment; in FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4; in FIG. 6 - dipping sheet piles above the pipe and sealing around the pipe; in FIG. 7 is a section BB in FIG. 6; in FIG. 8 - the position of the crackers when dipping the tongue in arrow B; in FIG. 9 - the position of crackers when jamming non-immersed dowels; in FIG. 10 - the position of the crackers when removing the tongue in the direction of arrow G; in FIG. 11 - the position of crackers when jamming unremovable dowels.

 The device for the construction of the sheet pile wall according to the 1st embodiment (Fig. 1) consists of a package of hydraulic cylinders 1 pivotally suspended on a metal frame 2, the length of which is equal to the length of the sheet pile wall, which has the ability to move up and down along the guide posts 3, which, in their in turn, with the help of rollers 4, they are able to move around the jig 5. To fasten the rack with the frame and hydraulic cylinders to the jig, there are quick-detachable bolts 6. The rods 7 of the hydraulic cylinders are articulated to the tongues 9 through the headrests 8.

 To limit the stroke of the frame when pushing and removing the tongues, the guiding racks have clamps 10. To capture the frame with the hook of the lifting mechanism, an earring 11 is provided on it. The tongues are connected to each other using locks 12 (see Fig. 2).

 The work on creating a sheet piling using the proposed method according to the 1st option is as follows. Having determined the place of the accident on the oil pipeline, they mark out the contour of the pit. According to the marking, lay the conductor 5 and install guide racks 3 on it. On the ground, tongues 9 are connected to the headrests 8, a frame 2 with a hydraulic cylinder 1 and tongues 9 is lifted by the earring 11 and installed in the guide racks 3.

 Having connected the hydraulic cylinders 1 with high pressure hoses 21 with a source of hydraulic energy 22, the tongues are immersed in the ground. At the initial dive, the weight of the device itself is used as a load. Subsequently, sheet piles immersed to a certain depth will be an anchor for submerged sheet piles. In this case, there is no need to have weights as special anchor devices.

 Having pressed all the dowels in the bag by the piston stroke length, the frame 2 lowers to the next latch 10, after which the dowels are immersed again until the required immersion depth is reached. When all the tongues are loaded, the device is disassembled, with the exception of the jig 5, dig a pit and carry out work to repair the pipeline.

 After the repair is completed and the foundation pit is backfilled, the guide racks 3 are again installed on the conductor, into which the frame 2 with the hydraulic cylinders 1 is inserted and the work is started to remove the tongues by changing the direction of the piston stroke of the hydraulic cylinders. At the same time, uncovered sheet piles located nearby serve as a support for the extraction of sheet piles.

 The device for the construction of the sheet pile wall according to the 2nd embodiment (Fig. 4, 5) consists of sheet piles 9 assembled into the wall, the tongue dipping and removing mechanism 13, the corner sheet piles 14, the clamps 15, the sheet pile raising and lowering mechanism 16, the upper beam 17, lower beam 18, struts 19, screw fingers 20, high pressure hoses 21, hydraulic energy source 22, plate 23, crackers 24, quick-release fingers 31.

 The construction of the sheet pile wall according to the 2nd option is as follows. All four sheet pile walls of the repair pit are collected on the ground around the perimeter of the pit. The tongues fastened together by locking joints (Fig. 2) are inserted into the guide grooves of the beams 17 and 18, fastened to the posts 19 by means of screw pins 20. The posts are articulated by means of clamps 15 with corner tongues 14 pre-immersed in the ground at the marking corners the perimeter of the pit. A mechanism 13 for immersing and removing tongues is installed on the upper beam, then with the mechanism 16 for raising and lowering the walls are raised to a vertical position and fastened together by quick-release fingers 31, forming a stable structure. Next, the immersion mechanism 13, connected by a high pressure sleeve 21 with a source of hydraulic energy 22, alternately presses the tongues into the ground for the length of the piston stroke. When all the tongues in the same wall are immersed to the length of the piston stroke, the immersion and extraction mechanism 13 together with the upper beam 17 are lowered to the length of the immersed part of the tongues and the actions for further immersion of the tongues are repeated. At the same time, the dowels immersed to a certain depth, with the exception of those to which the immersion mechanisms are connected, are anchor, due to the fact that the crackers 24 (Fig. 9) jam the immersed dowels when the beam 17 tends to rise up along the arrow D (Fig. 9) from dipping efforts of the next sheet pile.

 The immersion and extraction mechanism 13, moving to the immersed tongue 9, simultaneously releases the latter from the action of crackers 24, which assume the position shown in FIG. 8. After all the dowels in all four walls are immersed to the end, the device is disassembled and proceed to excavation inside the enclosed space.

 To remove the tongues (Fig. 10, 11), the beam 17 is installed upside down 24 with crackers. A spring 32 presses the cracker 24 against the tongue 9. When removing the next sheet pile, the crackers 24 jam the remaining tongues when the beam 17 tends to go down (Fig. 11) in the direction of arrow G. In this case, all the tongues except the tongue being removed are a support when creating the force to extract the tongue. The extracted tongue, as well as during immersion, is freed from the action of crackers 24 by the immersion and extraction mechanism 13.

 The creation of a wall around the pipeline being repaired is carried out by a device (Fig. 6, 7), consisting of a tongue 23, a rod 25, sector-shaped guides 26, into which sliders 27 with fingers 23 are inserted at the edges.

 The device works as follows. A tongue 23 is mounted on the pipe 29 using the hydraulic cylinder 30. Then the tongues 9 are immersed with the hydraulic cylinders 1, which, when moving along the arrow “E”, are located on the fingers 23 of the sliders 27 and rotate them around the pipe in the direction of the arrow “D” until they close under the pipe. To reduce the mounting loads on the pipeline, the tongue 23 is connected by a rod 25 to the hydraulic cylinder 30.

 When dismantling the device, the sliders 27 are also opened by the hydraulic cylinders 1, only instead of the tongues 9, cables are connected to them, which are hooked at the fingers 28 with the second ends. After the sliders are opened, the device is removed from the pipe 29 through the rod 25.

 An example of a specific implementation.

 At the test site of the experimental production workshop, tests were carried out on a prototype device for dipping and removing sheet piles.

 The sheet pile framework was made of corner and sheet iron. Boards were inserted into the inside of the frame.

 Sheet pile dimensions: thickness - 50 mm; width - 300 mm; length - 1500 mm. Weight - 25 kg. Sheet piles are connected by honey with locking joints (Fig. 2). The tongues were crushed by hydraulic cylinders with an inner diameter of 1000 mm and a piston stroke of 800 mm. The latches 10 were installed after 700 mm.

 The tests were carried out as follows.

 A conductor 5 was installed along the future trench, which is two parallel channels with a gap between them of 60-70 mm for the possibility of tongue passing. Soil - fine shallow sand of medium density. Then, racks 3 with rollers 4 were installed on the conductor 5, with the help of which the device can move along the conductor 5 as the package of dowels is immersed. Further, on the ground, the hydraulic cylinders 1 were suspended from the frame 2, and the tongues 9 were attached to them through the headrests 8. The tongues were interconnected by locks 12. After that, all this was lifted by a truck crane, inserted into racks 3 and fixed with clips 10.

Hydraulic cylinders 1 were connected by high pressure hoses to the hydraulic system of the Belarus tractor. By the oil pump of the Belarus tractor, the working fluid was supplied to the hydraulic cylinders under a pressure of 60-70 kgf / cm ² . The force on the tongues was determined by the oil pressure indicated by pressure gauges. Changing the direction of flow of the working fluid was carried out through the hydraulic distributor of the tractor "Belarus". After immersing all the tongues in the package on the piston stroke length by the latch 10, they were released and the frame 2 dropped to the next latch.

 Two dowels were extracted simultaneously. In this case, the conductor draft was not observed, since the greatest part of the tongue extraction effort was perceived by adjacent tongues.

 As a result of the tests, it was confirmed that the dowels can be immersed with the help of hydraulic cylinders, the effect of the immersed dowels as the anchors (anchors) during immersion and as an additional support when removing the dowels was verified.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of creating the sheet pile wall of the pit in the swamps for the repair of trunk pipelines, including connecting the tongues with each other using lock joints, connecting the tongues to the headrests of the immersion and extraction mechanism, lifting the tongue wall, dipping and removing the tongues, characterized in that the tongue is raised in assembled form after the tongues are joined together on the ground, and the immersion and extraction are carried out by several tongues at the same time, while as a support when removing the tongues Unts use uncured tongues.  2. A device for creating a tongue-and-groove wall of a pit, comprising a mechanism for immersing and removing tongues, a mechanism for raising and lowering the walls, guide racks, hydraulic cylinders and a conductor, characterized in that the mechanism for immersing and removing is made in the form of several hydraulic cylinders, and the cylinder bodies are provided with a common frame, installed in the guide racks with the ability to move along them, while the length of the frame is equal to the length of the sheet pile wall.

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