RU2102789C1 - Device for information retrieval - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computer engineering, in particular, automatic systems for information about train schedule. SUBSTANCE: device has request input unit 1, information board 2, timer 3, voice synthesizer 4, loudspeaker 5, controller 6, memory unit 12, programmed read-only memory unit 13, communication channel interface 14. This results in possibility of automatic information providing about departure time and station of nearest and next trains to destination station, visual and acoustic data, on-line account of alternations in train schedule, decreased time for schedule correction, decreased complexity of input of correction and additional information. EFFECT: increased field of application. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to computing means for special purposes and is intended for use in automated traffic information systems, mainly in railway traffic information systems.

 Electromechanical help devices are known from the prior art, consisting of a key block for inputting requests, an electric motor mechanically linked to movable pages on which the necessary information is recorded. The disadvantage of this device is the complexity and complexity of updating information and introducing corrections to the content of information.

 Known information-reference system for population accounting (ed. Certificate. USSR N 1660014, class G 06 F 15/40, 1988), consisting of memory blocks, address selector, memory registers, decoder, AND, OR, delay elements. The disadvantage of this system is the inability to use it for information on traffic.

 The closest analogue of the invention is a machine for centralized control and registration of information on train traffic (ed. Certificate of the USSR N 206877, class G 06 F 15/50, 1966), consisting of series-connected train signal generation unit, ring distributor, address block, control device, random access memory and output device, the outputs of which are the outputs of the machine, the outputs of the control device, respectively, to the outputs of the device and random access memory, the output to It is connected to the corresponding input of the output device.

 This device is designed to collect, store and issue information about the movement of trains.

 The disadvantage of this device is the inability to store and issue to the passenger information about the movement of trains to the stop he is interested in.

 The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to develop a device design that allows the passenger to issue information about the nearest and subsequent trains to the stop he is interested in.

 The technical result from the use of the invention is to expand the scope by providing the possibility of issuing information about the time and place of departure of the nearest and next trains to the passenger of interest to stop, presenting this information in visual and sound form, the ability to quickly record current changes in train schedules and their deviations from the current schedule, reducing the time to correct the schedule and reducing the complexity of introducing additional and corrective information.

 This technical result is achieved by the fact that the information and reference device, consisting of a request generation unit and an operational device, further comprises an information board, timer, speech synthesizer, loudspeaker, controller, programmable read-only memory and communication channel adapter, the controller information outputs being connected to information inputs of the first group of information boards and information inputs of random access memory, speech synthesizer, timer, the output of which is connected to the clock input of the controller, the control outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the random access memory, programmable read-only memory, information board, speech synthesizer, timer and the polling input of the query generation unit, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the controller and the information inputs of the second groups of information boards, the output of the speech synthesizer is connected to the input of the speaker, the outputs of random access memory device, a programmable read-only memory and the adapter link controller connected to respective data inputs, and inputs the device inputs are channel adapter communication.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device; in FIG. 2-3 algorithm of its operation, in FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a speech synthesizer, FIG. 5 is an example of a timing diagram of a voice message.

 The device comprises a request generation unit 1, an information board 2, a timer 3, a speech synthesizer 4, a loudspeaker 5, a controller 6 with information 7 and control 8 inputs and information 9 and control 10 outputs, clock input 11, random access memory (RAM) 12, programmable read-only memory (EPROM) 13 and the adapter 14 of the communication channel (interface).

 The outputs of the request generation unit 1 are connected respectively to the information inputs of the second group of scoreboards 2 and the control inputs 8 of the controller 6, the information outputs 9 of which are connected to the information inputs of the first group of the scoreboard 2, information inputs of the timer 3, information inputs of the speech synthesizer 4, information inputs of the speech synthesizer 4 , the information inputs of RAM 12 and the information inputs of the first group of the adapter 14 of the communication channel, the information inputs of the device are the information inputs of the adapter 14 of the communication channel, inf whose rotational outputs, the information outputs of the RAM 12 and the information outputs of the ROM 13 are connected respectively to the information inputs 7 of the controller 6, the control outputs 10 of which are connected to the polling input of block 1 and to the control inputs of the information board 2, the control inputs of timer 3, the control inputs of RAM 12 and the control inputs of the PROM 13, and the output of the speech synthesizer 4 is connected to the input of the speaker 5.

 In FIG. 2, positions 15 and 16 indicate transitions on different sheets of the algorithm.

 The speech synthesizer 4 can be performed, for example, as follows (Fig. 4).

 The speech synthesizer 4 contains a series-connected programmable read-only memory 17 and a digital-to-analog converter 18.

 The request input unit 1 can be performed, for example, in the form of a button switch with ten buttons: 0, 1, 2.8, 9 with the function button "nearest train", function button "next train" and the button "reset", the outputs of the digital buttons are connected respectively to the inputs of the encoder, the outputs of which and the outputs of the functional buttons are the outputs of the block.

 Request generation unit 1 is intended for the passenger to dial the sequence number of the stop he is interested in in the served traffic directions. Each stop in the direction is assigned a two-digit decimal code (from 01 to 99). The encoder converts the decimal code to a position code corresponding to the number of this setting.

 Pressing the “nearest train” softkey corresponds to the passenger’s request for the departure time of the nearest train of the stop of interest, and pressing the “next train” softkey corresponds to the request for the next train to this station. The correctness of dialing is controlled by the readings of the scoreboard and with directional dialing, the "reset" button is pressed;

 Information board 2 is intended for visual display of information issued to a passenger: current time, station name, departure time of the nearest train or departure time of the next trains, departure platform number.

 Structurally, the request input unit 1 and the information board 2 are combined, a prototype of which can be implemented, for example, in the form of the UECT.468362.002 module.

 Timer 3 is designed to count the current time and generate signals of the current time.

 Speech synthesizer 4 is intended for generating, according to the stop number code and the current time code, a standard voice message about the departure time of the train of interest and the departure route, which is reproduced by the loudspeaker 5. The prototype speech synthesizer 4 can be implemented, for example, in the form of UECT.467280.001 module.

 The controller 6 is designed to carry out computational operations and control other units of the device and can be performed on the basis of the chip KM1821VM85A.

 Programmable read-only memory 13 is intended for storing in its programmer a table of the current train schedule. When switching to a new schedule, the contents of the EPROM are changed to the corresponding new schedule by replacing the programmer.

 RAM 12 is designed to store in memory of the current changes in the schedule of trains (the removal of certain routes, changing stops, changing the time and place of departure of trains) generated by the code message controller to control the scoreboard and speech synthesizer.

 Structurally, the controller 6, RAM 12 and the ROM 13 are combined in the form of a module UECT.468362.002.

 The adapter 14 of the communication channel (interface) is a "current loop" based on the programmable serial interface KP580VV51A.

 Timer 3 is implemented on the KR512VI1 chip.

 With the help of an information and reference device, the following task for servicing passengers is solved.

 Before accessing the device, the passenger finds in the table on the front panel of the device the name and number of the stop he is interested in and dials this number using the number buttons. The dialed stop number and its name are displayed on the scoreboard, which allows you to visually verify the correctness of dialing. The passenger presses the "nearest train" button, after which information on the platform number from which the nearest train leaves for this stop is sent, the time of train departure for this route is displayed on the scoreboard. At the same time, the same message is played through the speaker in voice form. If the passenger is not satisfied with the departure time of the nearest train and station, then additional information about the next train next to the same stop is issued by pressing the "next train" function button. Reproduction of the answer and indication of the next train are carried out similarly to the issuance of information about the nearest train. Pressing the same function button again displays information about the next nearest train, etc. pending completion of calls for regular trains at a given stopping point. To go to the requests for another stopping point, you need to create the number of another stopping point and press the function button "nearest train".

 The device is used in two modes: input data input mode and automatic request servicing mode.

The input data input mode for the operation of the device is carried out once a day. Information is entered through the system interface adapter 13 of the communication channel to the corresponding units and nodes of the device. The system interface provides the pairing of the device with the automatic workstation of the dispatcher. The following initial data are entered into the device: in RAM 12, the current date (day, month, year), characteristics for (day of the week, sign of the working day, sign of the day off), data on changes in the schedule for the current day (number of canceled trains, number of trains from the smallest by change in the schedule of movement);
In timer 3, the initial time setting (hours, minutes, seconds).

 EEPROM 13 stores a program for automatically servicing requests, a table of train timetables for the period (winter or summer), and texts of speech and visual information.

 After entering operational information for the current day, a timer starts and the device is ready for automatic request processing.

In the automatic service of requests, the dialed stop number code from the output of block 1 is sent to the display, where the stop number code is displayed. At the same time, the stop number code is sent to controller 6, where it is used as an address for retrieving the name of the stop from the EEPROM 13, which is output from outputs 9 to be displayed on the display 3. After pressing the function button "nearest train", the signal from the output of block 1 is sent to controller 6 , which reads information about the current time from timer 3 and makes a correction at the current time (Δt1 min) for the time required for a passenger to get to the platforms of commuter trains. The introduction of a leading amendment is necessary to ensure the safety of passenger traffic. The time calculated taking into account the leading amendment comes from the collector to RAM 12 for analysis of the nearest train. According to the oldest part of the time (current hour code), the controller 6 selects the route number codes located in the departure sequence from the table recorded in the ROM 13. Each route number is analyzed according to the characteristics of the day. If the characteristic of the day matches, then the code of departure minutes is further analyzed. If the code of departure minutes exceeds the current time code (t _va ≥t _but + Δt) with leading correction, then this route is analyzed for a stop at the requested point. As the analysis progresses, all other route codes that do not meet the search criteria are discarded from further consideration. Route codes for which there are changes in the traffic schedule in RAM are also discarded from consideration. As soon as a route is found that meets the search criteria, the code of the train departure platform number and the train departure time code to controller 6 are extracted from the departure data table (from EPROM 13) using the route code, from where the platform number and train departure time from information outputs 9 are supplied from Scoreboard 3 for indication.

 At the same time, according to the stop number code, the path number code and the departure time code, the controller sequentially extracts from the EEPROM 13 a group of codes for controlling the operation of the speech synthesizer 4. The extracted groups of codes carry information about the words used that are embedded in the standard form of the speech response. The constructed code phase is supplied to the speech synthesizer, which generates a response about the departure of the nearest train to the requested station, reproduced by the loudspeaker 5.

 When requesting the next train in time, the passenger presses the "next train" function button. Upon the arrival of this signal from block 1, the controller 6 adds the forward correction t to the value of the departure time of the nearest train and repeats the considered procedure of searching in EEPROM 13 for information about the departure of the nearest train, which will proceed with a stop at the requested point. The operation algorithm of the device in accordance with the above description is shown in FIG. 2.

 The speech synthesizer 4 in the process of using the device operates as follows.

 The work of the speech synthesizer is based on interaction with the programmable controller of the device.

In the manufacture of the device, taking into account its purpose, the composition of the dictionary for which the speech synthesizer should be calculated is determined. Each word from the dictionary is preliminarily recorded on bench technological equipment in analog form, after which the analog recording of the phonogram of a word is quantized using an analog-to-digital converter of bench equipment. As a result, a phonogram of a word is recorded in bench technology equipment in the form of a group of codes (file). The number of codes in the file (phonogram of the encoded word) is determined by the duration of the sound of the phonogram t _f and the upper limit of the frequency spectrum of the phonogram F _c . From the known relation Kotel'nikova-Nyquist sampling frequency (speed ADC) F _ADC must be (F _ADC ≥2F _c).

Based on this, the size of the phonogram file will be
(N _f ≥t _f / F _ADC = t _f / 2F _c ).

 The resolution of the phonogram quantization codes depends on the dynamic range of the speech information to be reproduced, based on which the resolution of the ADC is selected. For most practical cases, including for the claimed device, it is enough to have an ADC bit of no more than one byte.

 In the considered manner, phonograms of all the words included in the speech synthesizer of FIG. 4. Phonogram files are recorded using bench equipment (using a standard programmer) in a programmable memory (ROM) of a speech synthesizer. The beginning and end addresses of the file are stored in the programmable controller and are the identifier of the corresponding word of speech information.

 The claimed device is designed to provide reference information in the form of typical phrases embedded in the controller program, where the main part is a constant set of words, and only words are dependent on the number of the requested station and the current time code. When the passenger enters the code of the requested stop number, the programmable controller determines from the table the addresses of the files (phonograms) of the variable words as part of the speech information phrase reproduced by the synthesizer. As a result, in RAM / 12 of the controller 6, a sequence of address codes, phonograms of words to be reproduced using a speech synthesizer is formed.

 The operation of the speech synthesizer of FIG. 3 in the playback mode of the reference speech information as part of the claimed device is as follows.

From the controller 6 to the ROM 17 of the speech synthesizer, the starting address A of the first phonogram (the first word of the phrase of the voice message, for example, "electric train") is supplied. At this address, the first code for the amplitude of speech information is read from the ROM 17, which is entered by a special control signal from the controller to the input of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 18. The signal from the output of the DAC 18 is fed to the input of the loudspeaker 5. To reduce distortion from quantization at the output of the DAC a filter can be included that cuts off the frequency components above F _dac . After reading the amplitude code from the ROM, the address code in controller 6 changes to 1. The next clock cycle generates new control signals from the controller to ROM17 and DAC18. The next ROM amplitude code is issued to the DAC, and from the DAC output to the loudspeaker, a changed value of the signal amplitude is output in accordance with the phonogram of the reproduced word. The word playback ends when the last code from the phonogram file of the reproduced word is read from the ROM. Between the end of the playback of the phonogram of the previous word of the speech information and the beginning of the playback of the phonogram of the next word using the controller 6, a pause of programmable duration is maintained. This provides a natural form of reproducing the phase of a speech message composed of combinations of phonograms of words and pauses between words. Conventionally, this is shown in the timing diagram of FIG. 4, where (t ₁ -t _i -t _k ) is the duration of the phonograms of the words of the help message, t _{n is the} length of the pauses between the phonograms of the words, T is the resulting duration of the phrase playback of the speech message using the synthesizer of FIG. 3.

 One embodiment of the speech synthesizer of FIG. 3, suitable for the implementation of the claimed device, is a speech synthesizer module EYUK, from the AISS "Signal-3" developed in the ICD "Parallel": Integrated circuits of the type 573RF2 of domestic production, type 27C512 from Intel and etc. As a basis for building a DAC, speech synthesizers can be used, for example, integrated circuits of type 572 PA1A or similar.

 Thus, as can be seen from the description of the operation of the device and its functioning algorithm, the indicated technical result is really achieved.

Claims (1)

 Information and reference device containing a query generation unit, random access memory, speech synthesizer, loudspeaker, controller, programmable read-only memory, and the controller information outputs are connected to the information inputs of the first group of information boards and information inputs of the random access memory and speech synthesizer, control outputs controller connected to the control inputs of random access memory, programmable a permanent storage device, an information board, a speech synthesizer and a polling input of the query generation unit, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the controller, the output of the speech synthesizer is connected to the speaker input, the outputs of the random access memory and programmable read-only memory device are connected to the corresponding information inputs of the controller, characterized the fact that a communication channel adapter is inserted into it, the output of which is connected to the information input to the controller, and the input is an input device and a timer whose output is connected to the clock input of the controller, data and control inputs respectively connected to the information and control outputs of the controller, and outputs the block query - according to information inputs of the second group of placard.

Images