RU2100879C1 - Directivity pattern shaping method (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering; radio transmitting systems of various frequency ranges (primarily short-wave and ultrashort-wave bands) designed for simultaneous radio communications among group of one to four parties. SUBSTANCE: method includes three versions of directivity pattern shaping depending on number of simultaneously serviced parties: paired-coherent, quarter-coherent, and coherent addition of power of eight radio transmitters. Transmitting system implementing this method has phased antenna array 1 incorporating four turnstile radiators 2-5 with phase centers on tops of square, m radio transmitters $$$ 6-13, pattern-shaping system 14, and switch 47. Outputs of pattern-shaping system and inputs of phased array turnstile radiators are interconnected in definite manner. These connections depend on output signal phase distribution in any radio transmitter among turnstile radiator inputs. Then coherent and equal in amplitude output signals are set for groups of two, four, or eight radio transmitters and these signals are given definite phase relations, that is, they are additionally phased out. Respective resultant signals are built up across inputs of phased array radiators, their places being distributed so that definite directivity pattern is shaped. EFFECT: provision for signal radiation in any direction with respective power gain. 3 cl, 3 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to radio engineering and can be used to create radio transmitting systems of different wavelengths (mainly HF-VHF bands), designed for simultaneous radio communication with a group of correspondents from one to four.

 A known method of forming radiation patterns of phased antenna arrays (PAR) of the active type, the so-called AFAR (Problems of antenna technology. / Ed. By L.D. Bahrakh and D.I. Voskresensky. M. Radio and communications, 1989, chap. 1) . In AFAR, each emitter is excited from a separate phased generator (radio transmitter), and the formation (in particular, turns) of the AFAR radiation patterns is carried out by changing the phases of the signals at the outputs of the generators.

The power P radiated by the AFAR, in the approximation of independent emitters, is determined by the ratio
P n ² P ₁ ,
where n is the number of emitters of the PAR, equal to the number of radio transmitters,
P _{1 is the} power radiated from a single transmitter operating on a single emitter (the powers of the radio transmitters are considered the same).

The proportionality P to the square of the number of headlamp emitters is due to the fact that the total intensity of the radiated field is determined by the relation E nE ₁ , where E ₁ is the field strength emitted by one (each) headlamp emitter, and the power P (P ₁ ), in turn, is proportional to E ² ( E $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{one}}$ )

A gain of n ² times in the power P radiated from n radio transmitters operating on the AFAR, compared with the power P ₁ radiated from one radio transmitter operating on a single radiator, takes place if all n radio transmitters operate on the same (common ) frequency and transmit the same information, that is, they work for radio communication with one correspondent. If necessary, to simultaneously carry out radio communication with more than one correspondent, that is, while simultaneously operating at several frequencies, the gain becomes less than n ² . So, when working with two correspondents, half (n '= n / 2) of the radio transmitters will operate on one half of the AFAR, and the second half of the radio transmitters on the other half of the AFAR and in accordance with relation (1) the power radiated for radio communication with each correspondent P' (n ') ² P ₁ , will be 0.25P, that is, the gain will decrease by 4 times. If it is necessary to carry out radio communication with n correspondents, each radio transmitter will have to work on one emitter and, accordingly, PP ₁ , that is, there will be no gain.

There is another way of generating radiation patterns, based on the work of several radio transmitters on a common headlamp through a beam-forming system (DOS) having several inputs. This method is described, for example, in the book of Sazonov D.M. Antennas and microwave devices, 1988, M. Higher School, Ch. 15. With this method of forming radiation patterns, each radio transmitter operates on a headlamp through a DOS, being connected to one of the DOS inputs. When several (m) radio transmitters are operating at different frequencies, in this case m radiation patterns are formed and simultaneous radio communication with m correspondents is provided: from each radio transmitter with one correspondent. The power radiated in the direction of the main maximum of each radiation pattern (i.e. from each radio transmitter) with optimal phasing of the antenna array is determined by the ratio
P nP ₁ ,
where n is the number of HEADLIGHTER emitters, generally not equal to the number m of radio transmitters,
P ₁ power radiated by one (each) radio transmitter when connected to a single radiator.

напряженность суммарного поля E составит

и мощность суммарного сигнала, будучи пропорциональной E², окажется в n раз больше, чем P₁.The proportionality of the power P of the first degree of the number of HEADLIGHTER emitters is due to the fact that the power P _{1 of} each radio transmitter is distributed via DOS to n emitters; accordingly, each emitter emits power P ₁ / n; the field strength emitted by each emitter is

the total field strength E is

and the power of the total signal, being proportional to E ² , will be n times greater than P ₁ .

 If the DOS used has p≥n inputs, then using n radio transmitters operating on the headlamp through the DOS, radio communication with n correspondents can be carried out simultaneously with a gain of n times (power) for each radio channel, that is, more efficiently than with the method based on the use of AFAR.

 The indicated method for generating radiation patterns based on the operation of several radio transmitters on a common headlamp via a DOS is selected as the closest analogue.

 HEADLIGHTS can be built in various ways.

 One of the most common types of emitters used in the PAR, is a turnstile emitter (see, for example, p. 251 of the indicated book by D. M. Sazonov). The turnstile emitter (TI) has four arms excited by currents of equal amplitudes with phases 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2. In this case, the TI creates a circular radiation pattern (the latter circumstance allows the use of TI for radio communication in any direction).

 It is known that in order for independent addition of the fields emitted from each emitter to occur, that is, in order for the emitters to be considered independent, the distance "a" between adjacent emitters must be large enough, and so that the radiation patterns of the PAR would be too rugged (with large parasitic petals), the distance "b" between the extreme emitters (headlight base) should be quite small. These two conflicting requirements are best combined in a lattice consisting of four emitters whose phase centers are located at the vertices of the square. Such a lattice is a special case of a rectangular grid of the arrangement of lattice emitters (with the number of emitters n 4) described in the same book by D.M.Sazonov (p. 330).

 Thus, as the closest analogue, the method of generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a headlamp, including four turnstile emitters with phase centers located at the vertices of a square, a beam-forming system (DOS) and m radio transmitters based on the excitation of the headlamps by radio transmitters is chosen through DOS (Sazonov D.M. Antennas and microwave devices). At the same time, DOSs used in the closest analogue are built on the basis of three-decibel quadrature directional couplers (see p. 408 of this book by D.M.Sazonov). Each quadrature directional coupler (CCW) has two inputs and two outputs. When a signal is applied to any of the CCW inputs, the signal splits into two (output) signals that are phase shifted by π / 2 relative to each other. Accordingly, the DOS, consisting of a CCW, splits the signal supplied to any of its inputs into q signals, the phases of which are multiples of π / 2 (where q is the number of outputs of the DOS equal to the number of inputs of the headlamp emitters). When using a PAR, consisting of four TIs, the DOS should have sixteen outputs. When the radio transmitter is connected to any of the DOS inputs, four combinations (groups) of phases of the output signals should be formed at these outputs so that each group has four signals with phase ratios 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2, necessary to excite each TI HEADLIGHT. In addition, the group phase relationships of the output signals (when the radio transmitter is connected to any DOS input) must form sequences that ensure the addition of the fields emitted by each TI in one direction or another.

The method of forming radiation patterns for the closest analogue has a certain disadvantage. In the presence of significant interference or in adverse conditions of propagation of radio waves, power nP ₁ may not be sufficient for reliable radio communication with any correspondent.

The basis of the invention is to create a method for generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a headlamp containing four turnstile emitters (n 4), m radio transmitters (m≅8) and DOS, which would allow us to generate radiation patterns useful for radio communications with a simultaneous increase in radiated power compared with the value of nP ₁ .

 Depending on the number of simultaneously serviced correspondents, the task has several solutions.

 In the first version of the method for generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a PAR, including four turnstile emitters with phase centers located at the vertices of a square, DOS and m radio transmitters (m≅8), based on the excitation of the PAR by radio transmitters through DOS, by means of an appropriate connection the arms (inputs) of the turnstile emitters of the HEADLIGHTS with DOS outputs form the phase distribution of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters on the shoulders of each turnstile emitter in the form of groups against of an off-quadrature type (i.e., in the form of cyclic phase distributions of type 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2 or 3π / 2, π, π / 2, 0), forming group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters over the turnstile emitters in the form of cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π, π / 2 or 0, π / 2, π / 2, 0, and the output signals of two of these radio transmitters are set equal-amplitude and either coherent-in-phase or coherent-antiphase or coherent quadrature.

 In the second variant of the method for generating radiation patterns of the indicated system by correspondingly connecting the arms (inputs) of the turnstile emitters of the HEADLIGHTS with the outputs of the DOS, phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters on the arms of each turnstile emitter are also formed in the form of antiphase-quadrature groups, but forming group phase distributions of signals any of the used transmitters via turnstile radiators in the form of cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π / 2, π or ty pa p / 2, 0, π, π / 2 and the output signals of four of the indicated radio transmitters are set coherent and radio-amplitude, combining them either in quadrature pairs of the quadrature type (i.e. type 0, π / 2, π / 2, π, or in-phase pairs of the in-phase type (i.e., type 0, 0, 0, 0), either in-phase pairs of the in-phase type (i.e., type 0, p 0, p), or in quadrature pairs of the in-phase type (i.e., type 0, 0, p / 2, π / 2), either into antiphase pairs of a quadrature type (i.e., type 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2), or into a quarter of three in-phase and one antiphase signals (i.e., type 0, 0, 0 , π )

 In the third embodiment of the method of forming the radiation patterns of the specified system, phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters on the arms of the emitters are identical, but the output signals of eight radio transmitters are coherent and radio-amplitude, combining them either in two in-phase quadruple-antiphase types each (i.e. 0 , p / 2, π, 3π / 2, 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2), or in two in-phase quadruples consisting of quadrature pairs of the quadrature type (i.e. 0, π / 2, π / 2, π , 0, π / 2, π / 2, π) either into two in-phase quadruples of the in-phase type each (i.e., 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), or into two in-phase quadruples of the in-phase type each (i.e., 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, p, π, π, π), or two quadrature quadruples, each consisting of quadrature pairs of quadrature type (i.e., 0, p / 2, π / 2, π, π / 2, π, π, 3π / 2).

 The invention consists in the following.

 Let a DOS constructed using three-decibel quadrature directional couplers automatically generate sixteen signals at its sixteen outputs, four of which have phases 0, 0, 0, 0, four π / 2, π / 2, π / 2, π / 2, four π, π, π, π and four 3π / 2, 3π / 2, 3π / 2, 3π / 2 when connecting any radio transmitter to any DOS input. In accordance with the proposed variants of the method of forming directional diagrams, the connections of the outputs of the DOS and the inputs (shoulders) of the emitters of the specified HEADLAMP are produced in a certain way. These connections are determined by the above phase distributions of the output signals of any radio transmitter at the inputs (arms) of the emitters, since the correspondence of these phase distributions and the numbers of the connected inputs of the PAR and the outputs of the DOS is unambiguous. Next, the output signals of pairs, fours or eight radio transmitters are set up by coherent and equal amplitude and give these signals the phase relationships defined above, that is, the radio transmitters are subphased. In these cases, the corresponding resulting signals (superposition of coherent signals from two, four or eight radio transmitters) are formed at the inputs (shoulders) of the HEADLIGHTS emitters. The phase distribution at the inputs (shoulders) of the headlamp emitters of these resulting signals turns out to be such that it forms a definite (corresponding to a certain subphase) directivity pattern of the headlamps, while providing signal emission in one direction or another with the corresponding energy gain. For some subphasing, the resulting signals at some inputs (shoulders) of the headlamp emitters are reset, and this creates the possibility of the radio transmitters working on an incomplete, for example, damaged, headlamp.

The proposed variants of the method of generating radiation patterns allow for the same radio transmitting system, consisting of headlamps, DOS and radio transmitters, to realize not only multi-frequency radio communication simultaneously with m (m≅8) correspondents with the emitted signal power P 4P ₁ (n 4) for each correspondent, but also to increase the value of the radiated power to 16P ₁ , 32P ₁ or 64P ₁ , while ensuring simultaneous radio communication with four, two or one correspondent, respectively. At the same time, the method allows one to form radiation patterns of various shapes that are useful for certain frequency ranges, and depending on specific tasks, the most suitable option, including the most advantageous in energy, may be selected.

 The proposed method can be implemented in the radio transmission system shown in figure 1. Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of DOS, allowing to implement variants of the proposed method; figure 3 calculated radiation patterns of the PAR, consisting of four turnstile emitters with different group distributions of the phases of the currents supplying the emitters.

 The radio transmission system that implements the proposed variants of the radiation pattern formation method (FIG. 1) contains a phased antenna array 1 including four turnstile emitters 2, 3, 4, 5 with phase centers located at the vertices of the square, m radio transmitters (in FIG. 1 m 8) 6, 7,13, a beam-forming system (DOS) 14. The shoulders (inputs) 15, 16,30 of the turnstile emitters are connected to the outputs 31, 32, 46 of the DOS 14 using a switch 47 so that on the shoulders of each turnstile emitter formed corresponding to this option with person phase distribution signals from transmitters 6,13. The radio transmitters are connected to the DOS 14 through the switch 48 and the equipment for monitoring the phase of the signals 49 at the outputs of the radio transmitters. Switch 48 allows you to connect any of the radio transmitters to any DOS input. Subphasing of coherent radio transmitters (providing the necessary phase relations of the signals at the outputs of the radio transmitters) is performed using the equipment 50 for controlling the phases of the signals of the radio transmitters.

 The structural diagram of the DOS, allowing to implement the variants of the proposed method (figure 2), contains thirty-two-terminal 51, 52, identical in design, each of which is formed of twelve quadrature directional couplers (KNO) 53-64 and 65-76, evenly distributed across three levels (The CCW of the first and second levels, connected in pairs in a cascade-cross manner, is formed by sixteen-terminal circuits 77, 78, 79, 80, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the left and right inputs of the CCW of the third level, included in groups 81, 82). DOS also includes eight balancing devices (CS) 83-90. The inputs of the thirty-two-terminal 51 and 52 are connected respectively to the left and right outputs of these control systems and the control inputs correspond to inputs 91, 92.98 DOS.

 The block diagram of the DOS, providing a wide range of phase distributions at its outputs 31, 32, 46, contains, in addition, four matching transformers 99-102 and eight switches 103-110, four of which (103, 106, 107, 110) have one the output and two inputs, and four (104, 105, 108, 109) one output and three inputs, the outputs of the switches 103-110 connected to the inputs of the balancing devices 83-90, one input of each two-input switch 103, 106, 107 , 110 and two inputs of each three-input switch 104, 105, 107, 109 are connected to the corresponding outputs matching transformers 99-102, and the remaining inputs of 91-98 switches and inputs 111-118 matching transformers are DOS inputs. In this case, the inputs of matching transformers (DOS) correspond to numbers 111, 113, 115, 117 for respectively the left positions of the jumpers of switches 104, 106, 108, 110 and the right positions of the jumpers of switches 103, 105, 107, 109, and the inputs of the same transformers (DOS ) for respectively the right positions of the jumpers of the switches 103, 104, 107, 108 and the left positions of the jumpers of the switches 105, 106, 109, 110 correspond to numbers 112, 114, 116, 118.

Presented in FIG. 3 design radiation patterns (LF) of a PAR, consisting of four non-directional (in particular, turnstile) emitters, depend on the phase ratio Φ ₁ , Φ ₂ , Φ ₃ , Φ _{4 of the} currents supplying these emitters (for turnstile emitters from the group phase ratio currents supplying the shoulders of the emitters), and from the ratio a / λ, where λ is the wavelength, a is the distance between the phase centers of the adjacent PAR emitters located at the vertices of the square. The numbers near the beam in Fig. 3 denote the ratio of the field strength created by one radio transmitter operating on the headlamp in this direction to the field strength created by the same radio transmitter operating on one non-directional (turnstile) emitter. In figure 3, f denotes the frequency of the emitted signal, f _{0 the} average frequency of the operating range, that is, the frequency at which half the wavelength in the medium of propagation of radio waves fits along the diagonal of the square. MDs are presented in the approximation of independent emitters (for emitters buried in a semiconducting medium, this approximation is valid for a / λ> 0.15).

Each three-decibel quadrature directional coupler (CCW) (pos. 53-76), having two inputs and two outputs, splits the signal applied to any of the inputs into two equally-amplitude output signals, 90 ^o phase-shifted relative to each other. Each balancing device (CS) (pos. 83-90), having one input and two outputs, splits the signal applied to the input of the CS into two equally-amplitude output signals, 180 ^o phase-shifted relative to each other. Each sixteen-pole terminal (pos. 77-80), formed by a pair of cascade-cross connection KNO, having four inputs and four outputs, splits the signal applied to any of the inputs into four equal-amplitude output signals with relative phases 0, p / 2 , π / 2, π. Each matching transformer (CT) (pos. 99-102), having one input and one output, implements the transformation of impedances in the ratio of 1: 0.5 and ensures coordination in the radio transmission path during parallelization (connection to a common point) using the switches ( Pos. 103-110) of the two inputs of the control system.

 The indicated properties of KNO, SU and ST lead to a phase distribution of signals at the outputs 31-46 of the DOS and, respectively, at the inputs (arms) of 15-30 turnstile emitters (TI), shown in Table 1. Corresponding connections of outputs 31-46 DOS and inputs (shoulders) 15-30 of the HEADLIGHTS are made using switch 47.

 As follows from Table 1 and Figure 3, the group phase distributions of the currents exciting the turnstile emitters, with the corresponding table 1 connecting the DOS outputs and the inputs (arms) of the TI, correspond to different orientations of the DN, depending on which DOS input the radio transmitter is connected to.

 Relevant tab. 1, the connections of the DOS outputs and the TI PHAR inputs are such that cyclic distributions (groups) of phases like 0, p / 2, π, 3π / 2 or 3π / 2, π, π / 2, are formed from each radio transmitter on the arms (inputs) of the TI 0, i.e. groups of antiphase-quadrature (quadrature-antiphase) types, and the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters form cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π, π / 2 or 0, π / 2, π /20.

 The proposed technical solution consists in the implementation of such a coherent operation of several (two, four, eight) radio transmitters through the DOS on the headlight, in which a general radiation pattern is formed for a given direction. In this case, the power radiated in a given direction increases.

 Three options are proposed for the formation of general radiation patterns, differing in the number of coherently working radio transmitters.

 The first option: pairwise coherent beamforming. At the same time, the connections of the arms (inputs) of the TI PHAR and the outputs of the DOS are made so that on the arms (inputs) of the TI, cyclical distributions (groups) of phases of the type 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2 or 3π / 2, π, π / 2, 0, and the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters form cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π, π / 2 or 0, π / 2, π / 2, 0, and the output signals of the pairs of radio transmitters are set coherent and equal-amplitude, giving them the phase shifts indicated in Table 2, i.e., performing the corresponding subphasing adioperedatchikov. The corresponding phase distributions of the total signals at the DOS outputs (TI inputs) are also presented in Table 2 (TI inputs and DOS outputs connected using a switch 47 in Table 2 are indicated as fractions, for example, 15/31 means the connection of 15 TI input to the output 31 DOS). Subphasing can be carried out at the level of pathogens (master generators) of radio transmitters.

 As can be seen from the table. 2, the subphasing options N 1-8 give circular DNs at each TI, since the currents supplying the arms of each TI have phase relations like 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2 or 3π / 2, π, π / 2, 0. The corresponding headlights of the HEADLIGHTS are of types D9-D12 (according to the classification of FIG. 3) and provide energy gains of up to 9 dB (8 times) relative to the power radiated in the direction of the maximum of the headlights by one radio transmitter operating on one TI.

 The options for subphasing N 9-12 allow you to reset the signals at the even or odd inputs (shoulders) of the HEADLIGHTER and thereby change the DN TI from circular to “eight”. For emitters in the air, the figure eight will be perpendicular to the axis of the excited arms; for emitters located in a semiconducting medium along the axis of the shoulders. Since the claims cover both options, hereinafter, to simplify the description, we will consider only the second case (of a semiconducting medium). The transition from one case to another is carried out by a simple change in the numbering of the arms of the emitters. Changing the DN TI from circular to "eight" allows you to get an additional energy gain of 3 dB (2 times) for directions "along the side of the square."

The sub-phasing options N 13-16 of Table 2 make it possible to power adjacent arms of each TI in phase, for example, arms 15 and 16, 19 and 20, etc. In this case, the DN of each TI will also turn into a "figure eight", rotated by 45 ^o relative to the previous case. At the same time, an additional gain of 3 dB is obtained, but already for directions "along the diagonal of the square." As a result, the options for subphasing N 9-16 table. 2 provide an energy gain of 12 dB (16 times) and the possibility of simultaneous radio communication with four correspondents (see paragraphs 1.2 and 1.3 of the Appendix).

 Options for subphasing N 17-30 table 2 provide new opportunities: the operation of radio transmitters only half of the headlamps. This means that if half of the HEADLIGHTER emitters fail, all eight radio transmitters will still be able to communicate with four correspondents.

 As can be seen from the table. 2, sub-phase variants N 1-8, 13, 15, 22, 29, etc. correspond to coherent-in-phase signals at the outputs of the radio transmitters, sub-phase variants N 14, 16, 21, 28, etc. coherent-antiphase, the remaining variants are coherent-quadrature.

 The second version of the method of forming radiation patterns: quartet-coherent formation. At the same time, the connections of the arms (inputs) of the TI PHAR and the outputs of the DOS are made in accordance with Table 3. (TI inputs and DOS outputs connected using switch 47 in Table 3 are indicated as fractions: for example, 19/31 means the connection of 19 TI input to 31 DOS output), that is, so that the phase distributions of signals of any of the used radio transmitters groups of antiphase-quadrature type again form on the shoulders of each TI, but the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters, in contrast to the previous method, form cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π / 2, π or p / 2 , 0, π, π / 2. In addition, the output signals of the four radio transmitters are set coherent and equal amplitude, giving them the phase shifts indicated in table. 3, i.e., performing the corresponding subphasing of the radio transmitters. The corresponding phase distributions of the total signals at the outputs of the DOS (inputs TI) are also presented in table. 3.

 Options for subphasing N 1-21 table. 3 give circular DNs at each TI. The corresponding PD phased arrays are of types D1-D12 (Fig. 3) and provide energy gains of up to 12 dB (16 times) (see paragraph 2 of the Appendix). It is important that for any direction of radio communication, you can choose a subphase of the specified, which at a given frequency gives almost maximum gain. This is due to the fact that the considered PD headlights have maximum gains at various frequencies depending on the phasing option of the emitters (Fig. 3). As a result, the operating frequency range of the considered power addition by DOS is practically unlimited.

 Options for subphasing N 22-24 table. 3 allow you to reset the signals on the even or odd inputs of the PAR. As mentioned above, this allows you to get an additional gain of 3 dB (2 times). In these cases, for directions “along the side of the square”, a gain of up to 15 dB (32 times) and radio communication with two correspondents at the same time are achieved (see paragraph 2 of the Appendix).

 Options for subphasing N 25-32 table. 3 allow (as with the pairwise-coherent version of the phasing method) to operate with eight radio transmitters per half of the headlamps, but they already give not 6, but 9 dB gain, providing radio communication with two correspondents.

 Options for subphasing N 33-40 tab. 3 provide another new opportunity: the operation of eight (two fours) radio transmitters, not only half but also the fourth part (one TI) of the HEADLIGHTER, providing radio communication with two correspondents (in this case, the result is round-robin).

 As follows from the table. 3, the considered subphases correspond to the combination of the signals of coherent radio transmitters either in quadrature pairs of the quadrature type (subphases N 1-8, 33-40), or in-phase pairs in-phase type (sub-phases N 9, 10), or in-phase pairs in antiphase type (sub-phases N 11-16), either in in-phase quadrature pairs (or, which is the same, in-phase quadrature pairs of the subphase type N 17-26, 29, etc.), or in antiphase pairs of the quadrature type (sub-phase N 30), or four of three in-phase and one out-of-phase signals (subphase Woks N 27, 31, etc.).

 The third version of the method of forming radiation patterns is the coherent addition of the powers of eight radio transmitters when working on the headlamp through DOS. In this case, a single-frequency mode of communication with one correspondent is implemented. When phasing the system using this method, the connections of the arms (inputs) of the TI PHAR and the outputs of the DOS are produced in the same way as in the previous (second) version of the method, but the output signals of the eight radio transmitters are set coherent and equal-amplitude, giving them the phase shifts indicated in the table. 4, i.e., by performing the corresponding subphasing of the radio transmitters.

 Subphasing N 1-12 table. 4 give the BP on each TI in the form of "eights", and this allows you to get an additional gain of 3 dB. The total gain for almost any radio direction reaches 18 dB (64 times) (see paragraph 3 of the Appendix). As for the previous version, the operating frequency range of the considered power addition by DOS is practically unlimited.

 Options for subphasing N 13-20 tab. 4 make it possible to ensure the operation of eight radio transmitters per TI (i.e., to the fourth part of the PAR), but unlike the previous version, due to zeroing of signals at even or odd DOS outputs, the energy gain reaches already 12 dB.

 As follows from the table. 4, the considered subphases correspond to the combination of signals of coherent radio transmitters either into two in-phase quadruples of quadrature-antiphase type each (subphases N 1, 3, 7, 10), or into two in-phase fours consisting of quadrature pairs of quadrature type (subphases N 2, 4, 11, 12), either in two in-phase fours of in-phase type each (subphase N 5), or in two in-phase fours of in-phase type each (sub-phases N 6, 8, 9), or in two quadrature quadruples, each consisting of quadrature pairs of quadrature type (subphase Sheep N 13-20).

 Combined options for the formation of radiation patterns are also possible, including combinations of pairs, fours and single radio transmitters.

Claims (3)

 1. A method for generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a phased antenna array, including four turnstile emitters with phase centers located at the vertices of the square, a beamforming system and m radio transmitters (m ≅ 8), based on the excitation of a phased antenna array by radio transmitters through a beamforming system, characterized in that at the inputs of each turnstile emitter using the indicated diagram-forming system form phase distributions of s the signals of any of the used radio transmitters in the form of antiphase-quadrature groups that form the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters in the form of cyclic sequences like 0, π / 2, π, π / 2 or 0, π / 2, π / 2, 0, and the output signals of two of these radio transmitters are set equal-amplitude and either coherent-in-phase, or coherent-out-of-phase, or core-quadrature.  2. A method for generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a phased antenna array, including four turnstile emitters with phase centers located at the vertices of the square, a beamforming system and m radio transmitters (m ≅ 8), based on the excitation of a phased antenna array by radio transmitters through a beamforming system, characterized in that at the inputs of each turnstile emitter using the indicated diagram-forming system form phase distributions of s the signals of any of the used radio transmitters in the form of antiphase-quadrature groups that form the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters in the form of cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π / 2, π or π / 2, 0, π, π / 2, and the output signals of four of the indicated radio transmitters are set coherent and equal-amplitude, combining them either in quadrature pairs of the quadrature type, or in-phase pairs of the in-phase type, or in-phase pairs of the in-phase type, or quadrature in-phase type pairs, either in antiphase pairs of a quadrature type, or in a four of three in-phase and one antiphase signals.  3. A method for generating radiation patterns of a radio transmitting system consisting of a phased antenna array including four turnstile emitters with phase centers located at the vertices of the square, a beamforming system and m radio transmitters (m 8) based on the excitation of the phased antenna array by radio transmitters through a beamforming system characterized in that at the inputs of each turnstile emitter using the indicated diagram-forming system form phase distribution of the signal All of the used radio transmitters in the form of antiphase-quadrature groups form the group phase distributions of the signals of any of the used radio transmitters along the turnstile emitters in the form of cyclic sequences of the type 0, π / 2, π / 2, π or π / 2, 0, π, π / 2, and the output signals of eight radio transmitters are set coherent and equal-amplitude, combining them either in two in-phase quadruples of quadrature-antiphase type each, or in two in-phase fours, each consisting of quadrature pairs of quadrature type, either in two in-phase quadruples of the in-phase type each, or in two antiphase quadruples of the in-phase type each, or in two quadrature quadruples, each consisting of quadrature pairs of the quadrature type.

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