RU209469U1 - Traverse for moving the basket with a car semi-trailer - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates to lifting and transport equipment used to move a basket with an automobile semi-trailer. Traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer contains longitudinal beams 1, transverse beams 2 with brackets 3 for placing hook suspensions in them, longitudinal and transverse beams 1 and 2 form a frame, while the hook suspensions are made in the form of flexible slings 5 with hooks 6, slings 5 are fixed with hinges 7 on the axles 8 of the brackets 3, the torsion springs 9 are put on the axle 8, while the loops 7 of the slings 5 cover the second hooks 11 of the springs 9, while one hook 10 of each spring rests against the bracket 3, and the second hook 12 is made with the provision the possibility of its direction outward of the traverse in the absence of a load on the hook suspension from the side of the basket with an automobile semi-trailer and its direction towards the load on the hook suspension under the action of such a load. 1 w.p. f-ly, 4 figs.

Description

The field of technology.

The claimed utility model relates to lifting and transport equipment used to move a basket with an automobile semi-trailer.

prior art.

One of the methods of delivery of goods is piggyback transportation - combined railway-road transportation of automobile semi-trailers, in which the automobile semi-trailer overcomes part of the way on a railway wagon-platform. To place the semi-trailer on the wagon-platform, special devices can be used - baskets, which also serve to move the semi-trailer to the wagon or from the wagon.

From the RF patent for invention No. 2675745, IPC B61D 47/00 B66F 7/02 publ. 12/24/2018, [1], a lifting device is known, with the help of which the basket is removed from the platform car by the brackets on the side beams and placed on the ground.

Also known is a lifting device (European patent EP 2902299 A1, IPC B61D3/18; B61D47/00; B61J1/10; B65G63/00; B66C1/28; B66F7/24, publ. 08/05/2015, [2]), containing lifting harnesses with grips.

In addition, for lifting baskets with semi-trailers, specialized loaders are used - reachstackers equipped with special equipment - the lower grip "piggy back" (Yuri Petrov, article "Reachstackers - loaders for handling containers" in the magazine "Sklad i Tekhnika", No. 1-2006. The journal is registered with the Press Committee of the Russian Federation, certificate PI No. 77-16221, publication on the Internet https://sitmag.ru/article/9988-richstakery-pogruzchiki-dlya-obrabotki-konteynerov, hereinafter - [3] ).

The use of lower "piggy back" grips for lifting baskets with a semi-trailer has the following disadvantage. Fixation of the "piggy back" grabs to the basket eyes is carried out due to a significant transverse clamping force. Thus, the design of the basket must also be designed for the specified clamping force, which, taking into account other loads acting on it (gravity of a loaded semi-trailer, longitudinal loads when transporting the basket in a wagon), leads to an increase in the tare weight of the basket, and, accordingly, entails an increase in the cost of rail transportation of a basket with a semi-trailer due to an increased tariff rate.

The indicated disadvantage is deprived of traverses with flexible slings. In such traverses, the fixation of grips (for example, hooks) by the eyes of the basket is carried out due to the mutual engagement of the grips and eyes when the slings are tensioned.

Known as a prototype traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer, containing longitudinal beams, transverse beams, on the beams there are nests for placing hook suspensions in them, characterized in that the longitudinal and transverse beams form a rectangular frame, in the corners of which corner fittings of large-capacity containers (RF patent for utility model 193221, IPC B66C 1/68, publ. 10/17/2019, [4]).

This traverse is compatible with a reach stacker [4].

One of the stages of loading is the arrival of a semi-trailer with the help of a tractor into the basket. In this case, as a rule, the traverse is placed in advance above the basket, so that its hook hangers are aligned with the lugs of the basket. Since the distance between freely suspended hook blocks can be less than the overall width of the tractor (for example, through the side mirrors protruding outward), additional personnel must be employed at the loading area to manually adjust the width between the hook blocks by manually moving them to the side to increase the passage space . Thus, the labor intensity of the work increases due to the need to involve at least four people for a one-time manual withdrawal of each hook suspension.

The technical problem, the solution of which is provided in the implementation or use of the utility model, is the need to manually retract each hook suspension to change the distance between them to ensure unimpeded passage of the tractor with the semi-trailer.

Disclosure of the essence of the technical solution.

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to reduce the complexity of loading and unloading operations using a traverse.

The technical result provided by the utility model is to provide an increased distance between the hangers in the unloaded state, which leads to a reduction in the labor intensity of the work.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the traverse for moving the basket with an automobile semi-trailer contains longitudinal and transverse beams with brackets for placing hook suspensions in them, the longitudinal and transverse beams form a frame, while the hook suspensions are made in the form of flexible slings with hooks, slings are hinged on the axes of the brackets, torsion springs are put on the axis, while the loops of the slings cover the second hooks of the springs, while one hook of each spring rests against the bracket, and the second hook is made so that it can be directed outward of the traverse in the absence of load on the hook suspension from the side basket with a car semi-trailer and its direction towards the load on the hook suspension under the action of such a load.

In a particular case, the length of the second hook is from 50 to 1000 mm, while each spring is configured to provide a distance of 50 to 1000 mm between the axle on which the spring is put on and a vertical line passing through the suspension hook attached to this axle, with horizontal position of the traverse frame and action on the end of the second stop of the spring by a gravity force not exceeding the weight of the hook suspension, and ensuring that the said vertical line passes through the said axis when the end of the second stop of the spring is subjected to a gravity force exceeding the weight of the hook suspension.

Preliminary deformation of the spring occurs after the hanging of the unloaded traverse under the action of the gravity force of the hook suspension, for which each spring is fixed on the axis of the bracket, while one hook of each spring rests against the bracket, and the second hook is directed outward of the traverse. Since in this case the loop of the sling covers the spring, the gravity force of the hook suspension acts on the second hook through the loop, which is compensated by the reaction force of the bracket on the first hook. Thus, a pair of forces acts on each spring, causing its preliminary deformation.

With such a preliminary deformation (under the action of gravity not exceeding the weight of the hook block), each hook block is directed vertically downwards, and the horizontal distance from the axis to the sling is from 50 to 1000 mm, depending on the length of the second hook. That is, in comparison with the prototype, the half-width of the passage space is increased by 50..1000 mm, and the entire width of the passage space is increased by 100..2000 mm, without the simultaneous involvement of four people. Thus, in comparison with the prototype, an increase in the width of the passage space is achieved for any overall dimensions of the tractor.

The use of flexible slings with hooks makes it possible to attach them to the eyes of the basket after placing the semi-trailer on it without significant physical effort.

Then, at the beginning of the lifting of the traverse with the basket, the gravity force acting on each spring exceeds the weight of the hook suspension, as a result of which the working deformation of the spring begins, at which the distance from the axis to the sling decreases to 0 mm, each sling is tensioned, the weight of the basket is transferred to the brackets traverse and the lifting of the ruzheny basket begins directly.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, there is no need to manually retract each hook suspension to change the distance between them to ensure unhindered passage of the tractor with a semi-trailer, thereby reducing the complexity of the work.

Thus, the claimed utility model differs from the prototype in that the hook suspensions are made in the form of flexible slings with hooks, the slings are looped on the axes of the brackets, torsion springs are put on the axis, while the loops of the slings cover the second spring hooks, with one hook of each spring abutted against the bracket, and the second hook is made to allow it to be directed outside the traverse in the absence of a load on the hook suspension from the side of the basket with an automobile semi-trailer and to direct it towards the load on the hook suspension under the action of such a load, and also by the fact that the length of the second hook is from 50 to 1000 mm, while each spring is configured to provide a distance of 50 to 1000 mm between the axle on which the spring is put on and the vertical line passing through the suspension hook attached to this axle, with the horizontal position of the traverse frame and the action on the end of the second stop of the gravity spring, not exceeding the weight of the hook suspension, and about ensuring that said vertical line passes through said axis when a gravity force exceeding the weight of the hook suspension acts on the end of the second stop of the spring.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by graphic material:

- in Fig. 1 shows a general view of a suspended unloaded traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer;

- in Fig. 2 shows a partial view of the bracket of an unloaded traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer;

- in Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of a suspended unloaded traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer;

- in Fig. 4 shows a general view of a loaded traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer.

Implementation of a technical solution.

The traverse for moving the basket with an automobile semi-trailer (Fig. 1) contains longitudinal beams 1, transverse beams 2. Brackets 3 are placed on the beams for placing hook suspensions in them. Longitudinal and transverse beams 1 and 2 form a frame in which the corner fittings of 4 large-capacity containers are installed.

It differs from the prototype in that the hook suspensions are made in the form of flexible slings 5 with hooks 6, the slings 5 are fixed with loops 7 on the axles 8 of the brackets 3, the twisted torsion springs 9 are put on the axle 8 (Fig. 2), while the loops 7 of the slings 5 cover springs 9, while one hook 10 of each spring 9 rests against the bracket 3, and the second hook 11 is directed outside the traverse, that is, directed away from the traverse in the plane of its frame or at an angle to this plane. The loops 7 of the slings 5 are preferably made to cover the second hooks 11 of the springs 9.

When there is no load on the hook suspension from any load, the second hook 11 is directed outside the traverse. When the hook suspension is loaded with a load (a basket with an automobile semi-trailer), the second hook 11 rotates on the axis 8 and becomes directed towards the load on the hook suspension.

How to use

When lifting the basket with a semi-trailer (not shown), the traverse is fixed by the corner fittings 4 on the pin grips of the front mechanism (not shown) of the reachstacker (not shown), while the hook hangers 4 located on the side beams 1 of the traverse engage with the lugs installed on the basket (not shown).

Each spring 9 perceives the load, which is reduced to pairs of forces, one of which is the force of gravity acting through the loop 7 of the sling 5 on the second hook 11, the other of the forces is the reaction of the bracket 3 on the first hook 10, while with the horizontal position of the frame and the action on the second hook 11 of gravity, not exceeding the weight of the hook block, most of each hook block is directed vertically downwards, and the horizontal distance "a" (Fig. 3) from the axis 8 to the sling 5 is from 50 to 1000 mm, depending on the length "b » of the second hook 11, and under the action of gravity in excess of the weight of the hook suspension, the distance "a" from the axis 8 to the sling 5 is reduced to 0 mm. Thus, after hanging an unloaded traverse, a preliminary, mostly insignificant, deformation of the spring 9 occurs, at which the maximum distance "a" from the axis 8 to the sling 5 is reached, and, accordingly, the maximum width "c" of the drive-in space is provided for the passage of the tractor and semi-trailer (not shown).

Then the semi-trailer is placed in the basket (not shown), while in comparison with the prototype there is no need to manually retract each hook suspension to change the distance between them "c" to ensure unimpeded passage of the tractor with the semi-trailer, thereby reducing the complexity of the work.

Then, at the beginning of the lifting of the traverse with the basket, the gravity acting on each spring 9 exceeds the weight of the hook suspension, as a result of which the working deformation of the spring 9 begins, at which the distance "a" from the axis to the sling decreases to 0 mm, each sling 5 is tensioned (Fig. 4), the weight of the basket is transferred to the brackets 3 of the traverse and the lifting of the loaded basket begins directly.

Industrial applicability.

The claimed utility model is implemented using industrially produced devices and materials, can be manufactured at any machine-building enterprise and will be widely used in the field of loading automobile semi-trailers onto railway flat cars.

Claims (3)

1. Traverse for moving a basket with an automobile semi-trailer, containing longitudinal and transverse beams with brackets for placing hook suspensions in them, the longitudinal and transverse beams form a frame, characterized in that the hook suspensions are made in the form of flexible slings with hooks, the slings are hinged on the axles brackets, torsion springs are put on the axle, while the loops of the slings cover the second hooks of the springs, while one hook of each spring rests against the bracket, and the second hook is made so that it can be directed outside the traverse in the absence of a load on the hook suspension from the side of the basket with a car semi-trailer and its direction in the direction of the load on the hook suspension under the action of such a load. 2. Traverse according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the second hook is from 50 to 1000 mm, while each spring is configured to provide a distance of 50 to 1000 mm between the axis on which the spring is put on and a vertical line passing through the hook of the suspension fixed to this axis, with the horizontal position of the traverse frame and the effect on the end of the second stop of the spring of a gravity force not exceeding the weight of the hook suspension, and ensuring that the said vertical line passes through the said axis when the end of the second stop of the spring is acted upon by a gravity force exceeding the weight hook hanger.

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