RU208953U1 - VORTEX COAXIAL TUBULAR RADIATOR "VORTEX" - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to thermal power engineering and can be used to generate and dissipate thermal energy from electrical energy in any premises, including individual houses and apartments. The technical result of the proposed utility model is the creation of a highly efficient device for heating air by increasing the total surface area of the radiator in contact with air , as well as another way of converting email. energy into heat. The air is heated due to the thermal radiation of the pipes both from the outer and inner surfaces of the pipes, as well as natural convection of air inside the coaxially located pipes forming the radiator sections, without forced air supply. The heating of the pipes occurs due to the creation in the metal of the entire volume of the pipes of eddy currents (rotational oscillations of electrons) induced by an alternating magnetic flux of high frequency (30-100) kHz, passed through the ends of the pipes with jumpers, instead of an alternating el. current applied directly to the ends of the pipes (according to the principle of galvanic isolation of the elements of the electrical circuit). The optimal operation of the vortex coaxial tubular radiator lies at a frequency of (30-100) kHz (when operating at less than 30 kHz, noise occurs, an increase in frequency after 60 kHz requires an increase in the power of the oscillator). By changing the frequency, we change the degree of heating of the radiator.

Description

The utility model relates to thermal power engineering and can be used to obtain and dissipate thermal energy from electrical energy in any premises, including individual houses and apartments.

A radiator for a heating system is known, consisting of separate sections, nipples connecting sections, deaf and through plugs, pipes for supplying and discharging coolant, and the heat supply pipe is in communication with the cavity of the far extreme section of the radiator, while the radiator sections are made with the possibility of free passage of the coolant , while the tube for supplying the coolant is placed inside the sections of the radiator (see patent RU No. 2150053, M. Cl.: F24H 3/00, F28F 9/22, publ. 2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the presence of liquid systems.

Cast iron radiators are known, which are assembled from separate sections. The number of sections in the radiator can be any number, depending on the specific conditions of use (Sosnin Yu.P., Bukharkin E.N. Heating and hot water supply of an individual house: Reference manual. - M: Stroyizdat, 1991, p. 18) . Separate sections of radiators are interconnected by ductile iron nipples. In this case, the internal cavities of the radiator sections are connected by a channel inside the nipples, i.e. each section of the radiator is connected to the supplied coolant in parallel. Such a radiator is installed indoors and connected to the coolant supply system by pipes for supplying and discharging the coolant from the side of the coolant riser.

The disadvantage of this device is the presence of liquid systems.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a coaxial heater, consisting of coaxially arranged outer and inner round pipes with a perforated end cap, with forced air supply (https://edrid.ru/rid/216.013.3535.htmlCoaxial heater (edrid.ru )).

The disadvantage of this device is that heating is carried out only in a small volume: inside the device and in a small (30-40 cm) distance from it.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the solution of the problem of space heating without the use of liquid heating systems that use a liquid coolant to transfer heat from the heater to the radiator, as well as increasing the power factor of using a network of a coaxial heater ("heat gun"), similar only in design, made of electrically conductive non-magnetic materials and used to heat pressurized air. To solve this problem, a coaxial radiator is assembled from identical sections, consisting of electrically insulated from each other and coaxially located external and internal pipes of rectangular or circular cross-section (according to the tube-in-tube principle) from non-magnetic conductive materials (for example, aluminum alloys, copper), which are connected between themselves with electrically conductive jumpers, forming a radiator. In this case, the outer tube is connected to the outer tube, the inner tube to the inner one, and only the outermost section has electrical contact between the coaxial tubes, which is carried out by means of a jumper (electronic contacts in the form of flat metal tires). The number of sections can be any. Accordingly, the more sections and their total total (internal + external) surface area, the greater the dissipated thermal power of the radiator.

In other words, the technical result of the proposed utility model is the creation of a highly efficient device for heating air by increasing the total surface area of the radiator in contact with air, as well as another way of converting el. energy into heat. The air is heated due to the thermal radiation of the pipes both from the outer and inner surfaces of the pipes, as well as natural convection of air inside the coaxially located pipes forming the radiator sections, without forced air supply. The heating of the pipes occurs due to the creation in the metal of the entire volume of the pipes of eddy currents (rotational oscillations of electrons) induced by an alternating magnetic flux of high frequency (30-100) kHz, passed through the ends of the pipes with jumpers, instead of an alternating el. current applied directly to the ends of the pipes (according to the principle of galvanic isolation of the elements of the electrical circuit). The optimal operation of the vortex coaxial tubular radiator lies at a frequency of (30-100) kHz (when operating at less than 30 kHz, noise occurs, an increase in frequency after 60 kHz requires an increase in the power of the oscillator). By changing the frequency, we change the degree of heating of the radiator.

As is known, in a wire with an alternating voltage, additional energy is spent on changing the directions of the vectors of spins and magnetic moments of electrons, on the periodicity of the formation of a magnetic field around the wire. Further, a sharp change in the direction of the vectors of spins and magnetic moments of free electrons changes the speed of their rotation relative to their axes, which leads to the emission of photons. In this case, it must be borne in mind that the changing polarity of the magnetic field around the wire acts not only on free electrons, but also on the valence electrons of atoms in molecules and the electrons of atoms that do not have valence bonds. As a result, they too can emit photons and increase energy losses. (Kanarev F.M. Physical chemistry of the microworld. Textbook. Section 9.4. P. 144; https://www.micro-world.su/index.php/2012-03-08-17-51-29/566-2012- 03-09-07-11-46)

Experiencing an external influence of an alternating magnetic flux, as well as an alternating voltage when passing current, free electrons inside the atomic crystal lattice of a metal oscillate (rotational movements around their centers of mass). A sharp change in the direction of the spin vectors and magnetic moments of free electrons changes the speed of their rotation relative to their axes , which leads to the emission of photons, and also has a force effect on the nearest valence electrons of covalent atomic bonds located to them and other bound electrons in metal atoms. And those, in turn, trying to maintain these connections, also emit photons, the wavelengths of which depend on the frequency of the alternating external magnetic flux. The greater the frequency of the alternating magnetic flux, the shorter the wavelength of the emitted photons and the greater their mass. Accordingly, by increasing or decreasing the frequency of the alternating magnetic flux, it is possible to increase or decrease (regulate) the heating temperature of the pipe metal.

Vortex coaxial tubular radiator "VORTEX" (Fig. 1-5) has the following advantages:

1. Electric with a network utilization power factor of (96 – 98)%.

2. Efficiency ~ 100% (almost all the electricity consumed from the network is converted into heat), while in the process of converting el. energy and its dissipation into heat, the total total surface of the radiator is involved.

3. Electrical safety, as galvanic isolation from the network is used.

4. No loss of email. energy on el. magnetic radiation from the radiator;

4. There is no additional external equipment in the form of a fan with el. Engine.

6. Silent.

7. Lighter than similar in size (the heating element is the radiator housing itself, no additional protective housing is required).

8. The frequency of the external alternating magnetic flux can be adjusted, thereby maintaining any predetermined pipe heating temperature that is safe to touch.

Disadvantages of similar coaxial heaters

(https://edrid.ru/rid/216.013.3535.htmlCoaxial heater (edrid.m)) are

1) low efficiency. In order to efficiently heat the air in a room, it is necessary to heat the air inside the heater in a very short period of time passing between the tubes ("heating chambers"). The total heating surface area of such a chamber is equal to the sum of the areas of three surfaces: the inner surface of the outer tube, as well as the outer and inner surfaces of the inner tube. For this reason, for heating coaxially located short-circuited pipes, it is necessary to supply a very large el. current equal to tens and hundreds of amperes. To do this, an alternating voltage of industrial frequency is supplied to the heated tubes not directly from the network, but from an "intermediary" - an electrical transformer (like a welding transformer) with a low power factor of using the network from 60% to 85%;

2) to force air into the heating chamber, it is necessary to have additional external equipment - a fan with an el. engine, which, in addition to the additional consumption of el. energy, also produces additional noise;

3) there is no galvanic isolation from the network, and, as a result, low electrical and fire safety;

4) heating of pipes is weakly controlled, only according to the on/off principle;

5) its overall dimensions and weight in combination with related equipment have been increased.

In FIG. 1-6 shows the drawings, diagram and visual design of the proposed vortex coaxial tubular radiator "VORTEX".

In the drawing of FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a vortex coaxial heater with coaxially arranged rectangular pipes, a front view in section on the proposed radiator of 4 pipe sections;

in the drawing of Fig. 2 - same, top view. In the drawing of FIG. 1 symbolically shows the passage of a variable magnetic flux F through the tubes of the first section of the radiator;

in fig. 3, fig. 4 and FIG. 5 shows a front view, a top view and a bottom view, respectively, of a visual structure in the material (a prototype of 2 sections of aluminum pipes with copper jumper bars on a bolted connection and an annular magnetic ferrite core with a wound copper wire). The coaxial heater consists of an outer pipe 1, an inner pipe 2, jumpers 3, which create electrical contact between coaxial pipes in the extreme section, jumpers 4, which create electrical contact between the outer pipes 1, jumpers 5, which create electrical contact between the inner pipes 2, jumpers 8, creating an electrical contact between the coaxial pipes 1 and 2 over the winding of the core 9 of the first section. Coaxially located pipes 1 and 2, as well as jumpers 3, 4, 5, 8 simultaneously serve as heating elements and the radiator housing;

in fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of turning on a coaxial heater from an external power frequency network. Radiator case - 1, transformer (magnetic core with winding) - 10, resonant self-oscillator (utility model patent No. 199438) - 11, electronic transformer (utility model patent No. 203837) - 12.

The proposed vortex coaxial tubular radiator "VORTEX" works as follows: from an external alternating current network of industrial frequency, electric current is supplied to the electronic converter circuit (12);

the rectified current is then fed to the resonant oscillator circuit (11) to generate sinusoidal alternating current oscillations at a frequency of 30-100 kHz;

high-frequency alternating current from the resonant self-oscillator is supplied to the primary winding of the magnetic ring core-transformer (10);

from the core with the primary winding 9, the induced high-frequency alternating magnetic flux is passed in phase through the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2 with jumpers 8 at the beginning of the first section, and the radiator begins to heat up along the entire length and volume of the pipes. Thermal radiation occurs from the outer and inner surfaces of coaxially arranged rectangular pipes. Cold air 6 enters the coaxial radiator from below into the inner pipes 2 and into the space between the outer pipes 1 and the inner pipes 2, it starts to heat up and move up through the pipes. When moving up through the pipes, the air temperature continues to rise and already warm air 7 comes out of the radiator (natural air convection).

Vortex coaxial tubular radiator "VORTEX" - in fact, it is a tubular conductor, in which two coaxially located conductive tubes are direct and reverse conductors, it is a short-circuited coil, the ends of which are placed around and inside a magnetic core with a primary winding of el. wire from the control circuit. In FIG. 3, fig. 4 and FIG. 5, an alternating current of high frequency flows from the radiator control circuit through the primary winding wound on the core 9, in the secondary winding in the form of a single turn of coaxially located pipes 1 and 2, eddy currents are created due to a short circuit by jumper 3 in the extreme section and jumper 8 on top core windings. Thus, an alternating magnetic flux acts on conductors (tubes with jumpers), generating eddy currents (electron oscillations) in them inside the atomic crystal lattices of the metal.

Claims (2)

1. A vortex coaxial tubular radiator, characterized in that it consists of an outer pipe 1, an inner pipe 2, a jumper 3, which creates electrical contact between the coaxial pipes in the extreme section, jumpers 4, which create electrical contact between the outer pipes 1, jumpers 5, which create an electrical contact between inner tubes 2, jumper 8, which creates electrical contact between coaxial tubes 1 and 2 over the winding of the core of the first section, coaxial pipes 1 and 2, as well as jumpers 3, 4, 5, 8 simultaneously serve as heating elements and radiator housing. 2. Vortex coaxial tubular radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation is carried out in the frequency range (30-100) kHz.

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