RU2782956C1 - Fluid induction heater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering. The induction fluid heater includes a transformer with a ferromagnetic core. Coils of the primary winding and the secondary electrically conductive winding, which is a heat exchanger for the heated fluid medium, are located on the core rods. The heat exchanger consists of chambers for heating the fluid medium, each of which is made of outer and inner hollow cylinders of different diameters, installed concentrically one inside the other. At the top and bottom, the cylinders are connected by end caps. Thus, sealed hollow chambers are formed for heating the fluid medium in it. Each of said chambers encloses a core rod with a primary winding coil and contains nozzles for inlet and outlet of fluid. The secondary winding consists of two chambers for heating the fluid. In the lower parts of the chambers there are branch pipes for fluid medium inlet, which are connected to each other and to the pipeline for supplying the fluid medium. In the upper parts there are branch pipes for the fluid medium outlet, which are connected to each other and to the pipeline for the fluid medium outlet.

EFFECT: improving the efficiency of the induction heater.

6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to induction-type heaters, which are designed for heating fluids.

A technical solution is known from the prior art, which is an induction fluid heater, including a laminated three-phase core made of ferromagnetic material with a primary winding located on the rods, connected to an alternating current network, and a secondary electrically conductive winding, which is a heat exchanger for the heated fluid, with nozzles for inlet and fluid outlet. The heat exchanger consists of three chambers for heating the fluid, each of which is made of two cylinders of different diameters, installed concentrically one inside the other, connected at the top and bottom by end caps to form a sealed hollow chamber for heating the fluid in it, inside which rods with a primary winding, the turns of which are located in a horizontal plane with an air gap to form a closed loop around the corresponding core rod, each chamber has nozzles for the inlet and outlet of the fluid. RF patent application No. 2006121117, IPC H05V 6/10, published on January 10, 2008.

It is also known a technical solution chosen as the closest analogue, which is an induction fluid heater, which includes a three-phase transformer with a ferromagnetic core, with a primary winding located on the rods, connected to the AC network, and a secondary electrically conductive winding, which is a heat exchanger for heated fluid medium, consisting of three chambers for heating the fluid medium, each of which is made of two cylinders of different diameters, installed concentrically one inside the other, connected at the top and bottom by end caps to form a sealed hollow chamber for heating the fluid medium in it, inside which rods are installed with primary winding. RF patent No. 2371889, IPC H05V 6/00, published 10/27/2009.

The disadvantage of this device is relatively low power, as well as the inability to work from a single-phase network, from a high-voltage current line.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution is, in particular, that the heater consists of two chambers for heating the fluid, in the lower parts of which there are nozzles for supplying the fluid, which are connected to each other and to the pipeline for supplying the fluid, and in the upper parts made pipes for the outlet of the fluid, connecting with each other and with the pipeline for the outlet of the fluid.

The problem solved by the proposed device is the creation of a high-voltage induction heater with a higher output power, and made with the ability to connect to a single-phase network of a high-voltage current line.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is manifested in increasing the efficiency of the induction heater and ensuring its versatility.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an induction fluid heater, including a transformer with a ferromagnetic core, with coils of the primary winding located on the core rods, and a secondary electrically conductive winding, which is a heat exchanger for the heated fluid, consisting of chambers for heating the fluid, each of which made of outer and inner hollow cylinders of different diameters, mounted concentrically one inside the other, connected at the top and bottom by end caps to form a sealed hollow chamber for heating the fluid in it, each of these chambers enclosing the core rod with the primary winding coil, and contains nozzles for inlet and outlet of the fluid, the secondary winding consists of two chambers for heating the fluid, in the lower parts of which there are nozzles for the inlet of the fluid, connected to each other and to the pipeline for supplying the fluid, and in the upper parts there are patrou fluid outlet boxes connected to each other and to the fluid outlet conduit.

Due to the presence of two chambers for heating the fluid, in the lower parts of which there are nozzles for fluid inlet, connected to each other and to the pipeline for supplying fluid, and in the upper parts there are nozzles for fluid outlet, connected to each other and to fluid outlet conduit, the induction fluid heater is characterized by its ability to achieve increased power, which determines its efficiency. In addition, the claimed design allows the heater to be used when connected to both single-phase and three-phase AC networks.

Two hollow sealed cylindrical chambers forming a closed loop around the corresponding core rod, equipped with nozzles for the inlet and outlet of the current medium, allow for uniform natural circulation of the heated medium and high efficiency of the induction heater.

The air gap between the outer surface of the chamber wall for heating the fluid medium and the outer surface of the primary winding allows blowing through all layers, which is a necessary measure to maintain the heater's performance, since the coils can become very hot during operation and fail.

Due to the fact that the nozzles for fluid medium inlet are installed on the lower cylindrical part of the chambers, touching the lower end caps of the chambers for heating the fluid medium, and the fluid outlet nozzles are installed on the upper cylindrical part of the chambers, touching the upper end caps of the chambers for heating the fluid medium, an increase in heater efficiency due to the principle of convection: heating the flowing medium causes it to expand and become lighter. Thus, under the influence of electromagnetic induction, the walls of the chambers heat up, they transfer heat to the flowing medium, as a result, the highest temperature of the flowing medium is at the highest point of the chambers. According to the same principle, the inlet pipes are located at the bottom, since they supply a cold environment to the chamber.

The design with inlet and outlet pipes of the current medium, made at an angle of 45⁰ with respect to the axis of the chambers, and oriented symmetrically with respect to the axis of the chamber, contributes to giving the flow of the current medium a circular motion inside the chambers.

Due to the fact that the chambers for heating the fluid medium are made of the same size, uniform heat removal from each chamber is ensured, while none of them is subject to overheating due to insufficient circulation of the current medium in it.

The claimed technical solution is further explained with the help of figures, which conditionally represent one of the possible versions of the induction heater for fluid media.

Figure 1 shows the frontal projection of the induction heater fluid (the first option: the inlet and outlet pipes are oriented in opposite directions).

In FIG. 2 shows a top view of the induction fluid heater according to the first variant.

In FIG. 3 shows a side view of the induction fluid heater according to the first variant.

In FIG. 4 is a sectional side view of the primary winding coil.

In FIG. 5 is a sectional side view of the fluid heating chamber of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 6 shows a frontal projection of an induction fluid heater (the second option: the inlet and outlet nozzles are oriented in the same direction).

In FIG. 7 shows a side view of the induction fluid heater according to the second version.

In FIG. 8 shows a top view of the induction fluid heater according to the second variant.

In FIG. 9. shows a sectional view of the induction fluid heater according to the second variant.

In FIG. 1-9 are shown:

- rod (1) of the transformer core;

- coils (2) of the primary winding;

- chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid;

- branch pipes (5) for fluid medium inlet to chambers (3), (4) for fluid medium heating;

- branch pipes (6) for fluid medium outlet from chambers (3), (4) for fluid medium heating;

- pipeline (7) for supplying fluid to chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid;

- a pipeline (8) for the exit of the fluid medium from the chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid medium;

- case insulation (9) of the primary winding;

- the inner cylinder (10) of the chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid;

- outer cylinder (11) of chambers (3), (4) for heating fluid;

- end caps (12) of chambers (3), (4) for fluid medium heating.

Next, with reference to the figures, the design of the induction fluid heater is described.

The induction fluid heater includes a transformer with a ferromagnetic core with two rods (1). Coils (2) of the primary winding and the secondary electrically conductive winding are located on the rods (1) of the core. The secondary winding is a heat exchanger for the heated fluid, consisting of chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid, preferably made of the same size. Each chamber (3) and (4) is made of outer (11) and inner (10) hollow cylinders of different diameters, installed concentrically one inside the other, connected at the top and bottom by end caps (12) to form a sealed hollow chamber for heating the fluid in it. environment. Each chamber (3), (4) covers the core rod (1) with the coil (2) of the primary winding, and contains nozzles for the inlet and outlet of the fluid, (5) and (6), respectively.

In the lower parts of the chamber (3) and (4) there are nozzles (5) for fluid medium inlet, which are connected to each other and to the pipeline (7) for fluid medium supply. In the upper parts of the chamber (3) and (4) there are nozzles (6) for fluid outlet, connected to each other and to pipeline (8) for fluid outlet.

The induction fluid heater may include an air gap between the outer wall surface of the fluid heating chambers and the outer surface of the primary winding.

In the preferred embodiment, fluid inlet pipes (5) are installed on the lower cylindrical part of chambers (3) and (4), touching the lower end caps (12) of chambers (3), (4) for heating fluid, and pipes (6 ) fluid outlets are installed on the upper cylindrical part of the chambers (3) and (4), touching the upper end caps (12) of the chambers (3), (4) for heating the fluid medium.

The fluid induction heater can be designed so that the fluid inlet pipes (5) into the chamber (3), (4) and the fluid outlet pipes (6) from the chamber (3), (4) are oriented in opposite directions (Fig. 1-3, 5) or one way (Fig. 6-9).

The claimed induction fluid heater operates as follows.

After chambers (3), (4) are filled with a heated fluid medium using nozzles (5), coils (2) of the primary winding are connected to a high-voltage line using an electromagnetic starter, after which the required heating temperature is set using a thermostatic control unit.

In a ferromagnetic core with rods (1), an alternating magnetic flux is created, with which each cylindrical chamber (3), (4) is inductively connected to form a closed loop around the corresponding rod (1) of the core. Under the influence of these flows (variable in time) currents are induced in the surfaces of the cylinders (10) and (11), causing them to heat up. The heat from the heated surfaces of the cylinders (10) and (11) is transferred to the fluid entering the two sealed chambers (3), (4) through the nozzles (5) and flowing out through the nozzles (6).

The claimed induction heater is capable of delivering significantly higher (up to 350 kW) power indicators than similar induction heaters and is able to operate both from a single-phase network as a single electric heater, and from a three-phase network as one of several electric heaters connected into one heating unit by a circuit delta or star connections.

The declared induction heater has more efficiency than similar induction heaters (98%)

The claimed induction heater of flowing media can be used for the needs of large industrial facilities, including factories, mines, mines, for the heat supply of entire settlements, residential areas, towns, as well as for technological processes that require a large heat load.

The presented figures, description of the design and use do not exhaust the possible options for execution and do not limit in any way the scope of the claimed technical solution. Other variants of execution and use within the scope of the claimed formula are possible. Depending on the purpose, the induction fluid heater can be manufactured in different sizes, colors and configurations.

Claims (6)

1. An induction fluid heater, comprising a transformer with a ferromagnetic core, with coils of the primary winding located on the core rods, and a secondary electrically conductive winding, which is a heat exchanger for the heated fluid medium, consisting of chambers for heating the fluid medium, each of which is made of external and internal hollow cylinders of different diameters installed concentrically one inside the other, connected at the top and bottom by end caps to form a sealed hollow chamber for heating the fluid in it, each of these chambers enclosing the core rod with the primary winding coil and contains nozzles for the inlet and outlet of the fluid medium, characterized in that the secondary winding consists of two chambers for heating the fluid, in the lower parts of which there are nozzles for the inlet of the fluid, connected to each other and to the pipeline for supplying the fluid, and in the upper parts there are nozzles for the outlet of the fluid th media connected to each other and to the pipeline for the exit of the fluid. 2. An induction fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an air gap between the outer surface of the wall of the fluid heating chambers and the outer surface of the primary winding. 3. An induction fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid medium supply pipes are installed on the lower cylindrical part of the chambers, touching the lower end caps of the chambers for heating the fluid medium. 4. Induction fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid outlet pipes are installed on the upper cylindrical part of the chambers, touching the upper end caps of the fluid heating chambers. 5. An induction fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the chambers for heating the fluid are identical in size. 6. Induction fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipes for the inlet and outlet of the current medium are made at an angle of 45° with respect to the axis of the chambers, while the inlet and outlet pipes of each chamber are oriented symmetrically relative to the axis of the chamber.

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