RU208598U1 - Device for teaching mechanized coupling of machines - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to simulator building and can be used to train drivers and crews of tractors to evacuate vehicles without leaving the crews in hazardous areas. removable stops with the ability to move relative to the stops, a lever with a grip for placing a towing cable with a clamp is fixed on the manipulator; of the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object, a grip is fixed on the lever to accommodate the traction cable of the winch with a similar clamp, controlled from the inside, the winch cable is fixed on the lever with the possibility of detachment by moving the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object, At the same time, the force of resistance to the movement of the object is greater than the force of holding the cable in the lever and less than the traction force of the tractor winch, the manipulator has a container with the composition with the ability to control from inside the tractor, the lever has an observation device with the ability to control from inside the tractor. The technical result is aimed at improving the performance of driver training and crews of tractors due to the performance of various functions of a mechanized hitch without leaving the crew. 2 w.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The useful model relates to simulator engineering and can be used to train drivers and crews of tractors to evacuate vehicles without leaving the crews in hazardous areas - infections, fires, shelling and combined.

There is a method of teaching the evacuation of machines, in which the connection of towing devices, a tractor and an evacuation object is carried out by controlling the movement of the tractor and moving the towing cable from the inside of the tractor, characterized in that the towing devices are fixed on the object with the possibility of changing their position relative to the ground, the towing cable is fixed on the tractor with the possibility of disconnection by moving the tractor, and after connecting the cable of the tractor with the towing device of the evacuation object, the movement of the tractor is used to disconnect the cable from the tractor (see patent RU No. 2340008 on cl. B60D 1/26 and G09B 9/04 for 2006).

This method makes it possible to train drivers and crews in mechanized coupling without involving real objects of evacuation. However, this method does not take into account the various functions of a mechanized coupling with a dangerous object without leaving the crew and has limited possibilities for implementation in practice, which does not allow to train drivers and crews of tractors in full.

There is also known a method for evacuating a machine with a tractor, in which, to carry out evacuation on a manipulator controlled from inside the tractor, place a lever and part of a cable with a loop connected to the body or winch of the tractor, then move the tractor to the evacuated machine, and move the tractor and move the lever from the inside of the tractor. the loop of the cable with the machine, the movement of the tractor pulls the cable and releases it from the manipulator, after which the machine is towed or pulled out by winding the winch cable, for emergency release of the tractor from the machine, the cable is disconnected, characterized in that when pulling out the machine using a cable connected to the tractor body, the winch cable is connected to the anchor, unwound in the direction of evacuation on the spot or in the movement of the tractor towards the machine until the cable is released, when pulling out the machine using a cable connected to the tractor winch, the winch cable is unwound by moving the tractor towards evacuation after the cable is released (see patent RU No. 2700641 according to class B60D 1/26, B60D 1/1 4/2006).

It is also known a device for implementing the above method of evacuating a machine by a tractor, containing a towing cable connected to the body or a winch of the tractor and a manipulator with a lever controlled from the inside of the tractor, where a part of the towing cable with a loop is located, with the possibility of being released from the manipulator when the cable is pulled, on a towing cable or a coupling the device is equipped with a device for emergency disconnection of the tractor and the machine, controlled from the inside of the tractor, characterized in that the lever is detachable so that it can move the evacuated vehicle, the cable loop is connected to the lever by a continuous sleeve (ibid.).

This method and device make it possible to carry out a mechanized coupling of a tractor with a machine in hazardous areas without leaving the crews from the tractor and the machine, performing various functions. However, they cannot be used to train drivers and crews of tractors without the use of real evacuation facilities, which requires significant material costs.

It is also known a device for teaching the evacuation of machines containing an evacuation object with towing devices and a tractor with a manipulator controlled from inside the tractor, a lever with a grip is attached to the manipulator to accommodate a towing cable with a clamp, the grip in the lower part has a through longitudinal groove, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the cable , but less than the diameter of the clamp, the object is fixed on the ground, the towing devices are fixed on the object with the possibility of changing their position relative to the ground, the towing cable is fixed on the tractor with the possibility of disconnection by moving the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object (see patent RU # 2324981 in cl. G09B 9/04 and B60D 1/26 for 2006) - prototype.

This device makes it possible to train tractor crews in mechanized coupling without involving real objects of evacuation and to significantly reduce the costs, time and safety of training drivers and crews of tractors for mechanized evacuation of vehicles in hazardous areas. However, the specified device has limited possibilities for implementation in practice and does not allow to train drivers and crews of tractors in full.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the productivity of training drivers and crews of tractors by performing various functions of a mechanized coupling without leaving the crew.

The technical result of the utility model consists in the fact that in the known device for teaching the mechanized coupling of machines, containing a tractor with a manipulator controlled from the inside of the tractor, configured to be connected to the evacuation object and fixed on the ground by removable stops with the ability to move relative to the stops, a lever is attached to the manipulator with a grip for placing a towing cable with a clamp, the gripper in the lower part has a through longitudinal groove, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the cable, but less than the diameter of the clamp, the towing cable is attached to the tractor with the ability to disconnect by moving the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object, it is additionally attached to the lever a grip for placing a traction cable of a winch with a similar clamp, controlled from the inside, the winch cable is fixed on the lever with the possibility of detachment by moving the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object, while the force of resistance to the movement of the object is greater than the force of holding the cable in the lever less and less tractive effort of the tractor's winch, a container with a composition is placed on the manipulator with the ability to control from the inside of the tractor, an observation device is placed on the lever with the ability to control from the inside of the tractor.

The claimed device is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 - initial position of the tractor and the evacuation object; figure 2 - fastening the cables in the lever; fig. 3 - position of the towing cable on the object after disconnecting from the tractor; fig. 4 - the position of the object after disconnecting the towing cable; fig. 5 - the position of the tractor and the object after using the winch.

In Fig.1-4 are designated 1 - soil; 2 - object; 3 - wheel; 4 - emphasis; 5 - pin; 6 - towing hook; 7 - tractor; 8 - winch; 9 - winch cable; 10 - dozer blade; 11 - bracket; 12 - lever; 13 - lever stop; 14 - left bar; 15 - right barbell; 16 - buffer; 17 - towing rope; 18 - clamp; 19 - capture; 20 - bushing; 21 - a bolt with a lock nut; 22 - sprayer; 23 - hole; 24 - bolt; 25 - capacity; 26 - pipeline; 27 - observation device.

In the initial position, the object 2 is fixed on the ground 1 by removable stops 4 with fingers 5 located between the wheels 3, with the possibility of moving the object relative to the stops. Towing hooks 6 and other towing devices are fixed on the object with the possibility of changing their position relative to the ground. On the tractor 7, placed on the ground, an internally controlled traction winch 8 with a cable 9 and a manipulator 10, which is a dozer blade, controlled from the inside of the tractor, are fixed. On the blade, a lever 12 is rigidly fixed, consisting of a stop 13 and rods of various lengths 14 and 15. The ends of the rods are equipped with hollow grips 19, at the end of the longer rod, a removable buffer 16 is fixed. with a sleeve 17, the latter is pressed against the grip by the friction force formed by the bolt 21 with a locknut. The gripper in the lower part has a longitudinal groove, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the cable, but less than the diameter of the clamp.

A towing cable 17 is fixed in the long rod 14, the free end of which is passed under the blade and installed in the bracket 11 by the elastic forces of the steel cable with the possibility of disconnecting by moving the tractor after coupling with the towing device of the object. In the short rod 15, the winch cable 9 is fixed, the middle end of which is located above the blade with a sag. The force of resistance to the movement of the object, which is created by the stops 4, is greater than the force of retention of the cable in the lever 19, formed by the friction of the sleeve 20 and the bracket 11, but less than the pulling force of the tractor winch 8.

The rods are equipped with holes 23 connected to the rear side of the dump, where the container 25 with the emulsion composition and the pipeline 26 is fixed. The sprayer 22 and the observation device 27 are located in the holes provided with the bolt plugs 24. The container and the observation device are made with the possibility of control from the inside of the tractor.

The device for teaching the evacuation of vehicles works as follows.

To learn evacuation by towing, the tractor approaches the object, during the movement, the towing cables 9 and 17 are held in the grippers 19 by the bushings 20 and bolts 21, the middle part of the cable 17 is held in the bracket 11 by the forces of elasticity and friction.

Near the object, observing the standard observation device and device 27, by moving the tractor horizontally and moving the blade with the lever 13 vertically, the sprayer 22 is directed to the towing hook of the object 6 and, controlling the capacity 25 from the inside of the tractor, the towing device is cleaned from dirt or ice with an emulsion composition. Then, continuing to control the movement of the tractor horizontally and move the lever 12 vertically from the inside of the tractor, connect the end of the cable 17 with the towing hook 6. At the same time, due to the flexibility and large size of the cable loop, the cable is connected to the object when the loop is skewed with the machine hook. Then, by moving the tractor backwards, the cable is released from the grip 19 and the bracket 11. In this case, the grip 19 and the bolt 21 overcome the frictional forces and move along the sleeve 20.

Since the force of resistance to the movement of the object by the stops 4 is greater than the retention force of the cable in the lever 19, formed by the friction forces of the sleeve 20 and the bracket 11, the object does not move along the ground. After the sleeve leaves the gripper, the cable, using the sagging, falls under the action of gravity into the gripper groove, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the cable, and is disconnected from the lever bar. Then, using control from the inside of the tractor, the lever is raised up. With the further movement of the tractor backward, the tension force exceeds the retention force of the cable in the bracket, the cable is released from the bracket and remains on the towing hook of the object.

After that, the tractor with the trainees performs the movement along the circular route in reverse, simulating the evacuation of the object by towing. Near the object, controlling the movement of the tractor horizontally and the movement of the lever 13 vertically from the inside of the tractor, connect the end of the cable 9 with the towing hook. Then, by moving the tractor backward, the winch cable is released from the grip, similar to the cable 17. After the sleeve leaves the grip, the cable 9, using the sagging, is disconnected from the lever bar. Then, using the controls from the inside, the tractor drives back while unrolling the winch cable and stops. The blade is lowered into the ground, and the winch cable is wound. Since the force of resistance to the movement of the object relative to the stops is less than the tractive effort of the tractor winch, the object is moved to a different position and the winding of the winch cable is stopped.

After that, the winch cable is unwound to loosen its tension, the blade is lifted, the cable from the towing hook of the object is disconnected and wound onto the winch. Then the object is set to its initial position on the ground using pushing by the buffer 16 controlled from the inside of the tractor.

The use of the proposed device makes it possible to increase the productivity of training drivers and crews of tractors by performing various functions of a mechanized coupling without leaving the crew.

Claims (3)

1. A device for teaching mechanized coupling of machines, containing a tractor (7) with a manipulator (10) controlled from the inside of the tractor, made with the ability to connect to the object of evacuation (2), fixed on the ground by removable stops (4, 5) with the ability to move relative to the stops , a lever (12) with a grip (19) is attached to the manipulator to accommodate a towing cable (17) with a clamp (18), the grip in the lower part has a through longitudinal groove, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the cable, but less than the diameter of the clamp, the towing cable (17 ) is fixed to the tractor (7) with the possibility of detachment by the movement of the tractor after the coupling with the towing device of the object, characterized in that a grip is additionally fixed on the lever (12) to accommodate the traction cable (9) of the winch (8) with a similar clamp, controlled from the inside, the cable (9) of the winch (8) is fixed on the lever (12) with the possibility of disconnection by the movement of the tractor after the coupling with the towing device (6) of the object (2), while the force of resistance to the movement of the object There is a greater retention force of the cable in the lever and less tractive effort of the towing vehicle winch. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that a container (25) with a composition is placed on the manipulator (10) with a composition that can be controlled from inside the tractor. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that a monitoring device (27) is placed on the lever (12) and can be controlled from the inside of the tractor.

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