RU2085573C1 - Process for preparing coal briquets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coal-tar chemical and fuel industries. SUBSTANCE: hydrocarbon- containing additive is emulsified or dissolved in 1:(0.3- 4) ratio by volume. Emulsion or solution is added under agitation conditions to bituminous bitumen binder which is heated to 160-250 C and contains 1.5 wt% water till the binder foams. The binder is then mixed with crushed coal and the mixture is then briquetted. The hydrocarbon additive includes petroleum, coal or wood products at boiling temperature by 20-30 C higher than bituminous binder (oxidized asphalt, anthracene oil, cool-tar resin or lignosulfonate). EFFECT: more efficient preparation process. 4 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of technology for briquetting coal or other carbon materials and can be used to obtain briquettes for coking and fuel briquettes.

A known method for producing coal briquettes, according to which a tar bituminous binder heated to 250 ^° C, is fed into moist coal heated to 90-95 ^° C, is mixed, and the resulting mixture is briquetted. When it is mixed with coal, water enters the hot binder from the surface of the coal particles and, evaporating, foams the binder, which improves the quality of briquettes and reduces the consumption of the binder.

 The disadvantages of the method are the need to use only high-humidity heated coals, as well as the uneven distribution in the binder of water, which leads to unstable quality of briquettes.

 A known method of producing briquettes, which consists in heating the binder with steam to foaming and emulsifying the binder, feeding the binder into the crushed coal, mixing and briquetting the resulting mixture. Foaming and emulsification of the binder by heating the binder with steam increases its volume, which improves the mixing of the binder with coal, improves the quality of briquettes.

 However, when heating the binder with steam, a complete foaming of the binder is not achieved, which does not reduce the consumption of the binder.

A known method for producing briquettes, including heating the binder to 250 ^o C, introducing into it water in an amount of 1-5% by weight of the binder, mixing it with a binder, feeding the binder into the crushed coal, mixing them and briquetting. The supply of heated water to the binder and its distribution over the entire mass of the binder, due to mixing, leads to intensive foaming of the binder. Mixing the crushed coal with a foamed binder allows to reduce its consumption, and, in addition, the uniform supply of the optimum amount of water to the binder provides the possibility of using dry and low-moisture coals and stable quality of briquettes.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the briquettes due to the unstable dosage of water in the binder and the uneven distribution of water in the binder due to the significant difference in the amount and viscosity of the mixed liquids.

 The aim of the invention is to remedy this drawback.

 The goal is achieved in that in a method for producing coal briquettes, including foaming a tar binder by introducing 1-5 wt. water with stirring, mixing it with crushed coal and subsequent briquetting of the mixture, emulsify or dissolve the hydrocarbon-containing additive in it before introducing water into the heated bituminous binder.

The goal is also achieved by the fact that the volume ratio of water and the hydrocarbon-containing additive is maintained equal to 1: (0.3-4), the products of oil, coal or wood processing with a boiling point of at least 20-30 ^o C higher are used as the hydrocarbon-containing additive the heating temperature of the bituminous binder, and also due to the fact that oxidized deasphalting asphalt, anthracene oil, coal tar or lignosulfonate are used as products of oil, coal or wood processing.

 The introduction of water hydrocarbon-containing additives in the form of an emulsion or solution increases its viscosity and volume, which ensures the stability of the dosage of water, improves its mixing with a binder and, accordingly, improves the quality of briquettes.

The use of a hydrocarbon-containing additive with a boiling point exceeding the melting temperature of the binder by at least 20-30 ^o C, prevents the evaporation of the hydrocarbon introduced into the binder, which will lead to an improvement in the environmental situation and an increase in the strength of briquettes.

 The choice of a hydrocarbon-containing additive and its amount are determined depending on the quality of the binder, its melting temperature, the temperature of the heated binder and the requirements for the resulting briquettes.

 The total amount of the mixture (water + additive) should not exceed 10-15 wt. from the amount of binder so that, due to heat loss from heating, it is not necessary to cool the binder to temperatures that do not ensure its foaming.

 For experimental verification of the proposed method, the coal charge was briquetted at a semi-factory briquette installation.

As a briquetted mixture, a mixture with the following characteristic was used: grade composition: W 22.6% GI7 22.5% K 33.1% K2 -16.8; grade content 0-0.5 mm 42% grade 0-3 mm 80% technical analysis of the mixture: moisture content (W ^p ) 6.0% ash (A ^d ) 9.62% volatile yield (V ^daf ) 24.96% Briquetin-I (oxidized asphalt deasphalting asphalt with propane) with a softening temperature of 48 ^o C was used as a binder. Oxidized asphalt deasphalting asphalt with propane was used as additives, oil refined product, anthracene oil and coal tar, coal processing products and lignosulfonate sodium wood processing product. The content of additives in the water varied from 20 to 90%
Briquetting the mixture after introducing a binder into it was carried out at t = 50-55 ^o C under a pressure of 20 MPa. Received briquette pillow-shaped with a size of 55x45x35. Briquettes were tested for strength according to GOST 2120-75 (compression and discharge), their apparent specific gravity was determined according to GOST 10220-82 and humidity according to GOST 9516-80.

 For comparison, experiments were conducted with the supply of water to the binder (prototype) and with the supply of a hydrocarbon additive to the binder before supplying water to it.

The results of the experiments are shown in the table, where:
Test 1 additive in a heated binder of water. Experiments 2, 3 the introduction of a hydrocarbon-containing component (anthracene oil and calcium lignosulfonate) in a binder, and in experiments 4-9, the introduction of a hydrocarbon-containing additive in water.

 The data in the table show that the briquettes obtained by the present method have greater strength, primarily due to the fact that the method provides the supply of water in a binder in optimal quantities (1-5%).

 The decrease in compressive strength of briquettes in experiment 7 compared to experiment 6 is explained by the negative effect of an excess amount of the plasticizer component on the binding properties of binders.

 The introduction of hydrocarbon-containing components directly into the binder (experiments 2 and 3) does not lead to a decrease in the amount of water, therefore, a significant increase in the strength of briquettes is not observed. Moreover, in the case of the introduction of anthracene oil, which is a plasticizer, the compressive strength of the briquettes decreases (experiment 2).

 The addition of lignosulfonate to the binder (experiment 3) increases, as one would expect, the strength of briquettes, however, the supply of lignosulfonate in a mixture with water gives a more substantial strengthening of briquettes (experiment 9), because in this case, the amount of water supplied to the binder is reduced to optimal.

 In those cases where hydrocarbon-containing components are binders, for example, asphalt-free deasphalting, the amount of binder supplied can be correspondingly reduced.

 Thus, the claimed method allows to obtain briquettes for blast furnace production and fuel briquettes with improved strength characteristics.

Example 1. 2.4 kg of a binder, heated to 180 ^o C, and 200 ml of an aqueous emulsion of the same binder containing 90 g of water (4% water by weight of the binder, the ratio of water-binder 1: 1), was fed into the foam generator and the resulting the foam was applied to 50 kg of crushed, continuously stirred mixture heated to 80 ± 2 ^o C. After 5 minutes after the start of the supply of the binder, stirring was stopped, the mixture was cooled to 50-55 ^o C and briquetted. The obtained briquettes were subjected to tests, the results of strength tests are shown in the table (experiment 4). The apparent specific gravity of briquettes is 1.12-1.13 g / cm ³ , humidity 3.5-3.6%
Example 2. 2.5 kg of a binder, heated to 180 ^o C, and 150 ml of an emulsion of anthracene oil with water (4.9% of water by weight of the binder, the water-oil volume ratio was 1: 0.3) was applied as a foam onto 50 kg of crushed mixture, heated to 80 ± 2 ^o C and continuously mixed.

5 minutes after the start of the supply of the binder, the stirring was stopped, the mixture was cooled to 50-55 ^o C and briquetted. The obtained briquettes were subjected to tests, the briquette strength test results are shown in the table (experiment 5), the apparent specific gravity of the briquettes is 1.2-1.3 g / cm ³ , the humidity is 3.6-3.7%

Claims (4)

 1. A method of producing coal briquettes, including foaming a heated tar binder by the introduction of 1 to 5 wt. water with stirring, mixing it with crushed coal and subsequent briquetting of the mixture, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the briquettes, before adding water to the heated bituminous binder, a carbon-hydrogen-containing additive is emulsified or dissolved in it.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume ratio of water and hydrocarbon-containing additives is maintained equal to 1 (0.3 4). 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that as a hydrocarbon-containing additive, products of oil, coal or wood processing with a boiling point of not less than 20 30 ^o With higher than the heating temperature of the tar binder are used.  4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that oxidized deasphalting asphalt, anthracene oil, coal tar or lignosulfonate are used as oil, coal or wood processing products.

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