FR2490237A1 - COMBUSTIBLE COMPOSITION FOR IGNITION OF FIREPLACES AS CHARCOAL IGNITER, CHARCOAL IGNITER FOR GRIDDLES, ETC., AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

THE COMBUSTIBLE COMPOSITION INTENDED FOR LIGHTING FIREPLACES INCLUDES: A.21 TO 54 BY BODY OF WATER; B.40 TO 75 BY MASS OF HYDROCARBONS, AND C.3 TO 20 BY MASS OF SKELETON STRUCTURE-FORMING SUBSTANCES.

Description

The invention relates to combustible compositions

  in the form of solid foams suitable as

  bodied and formed of hydrocarbons, a product of

  curable prepolymerization or hardened resin

  ble, dispersing aids, water and acids

  or detergents as hardeners and

  mainly for the ignition of fireplaces, as

  coal igniter, charcoal lighter for grill

  lades etc. or for the ignition of products of deciets such as oil slicks, etc., as well as

for their manufacture.

  It is known that solid foams formed of hy-

  dispersed-phase liquid or solid hydrocarbons and any curable prepolymerization product or curable resin, usually a solution-modified urea / formaldehyde condensation product

  as a continuous phase, dispersions adjuvants

  cationic or anionic and also apolar and acidic

  organic or inorganic hardeners as

  wind of solid fuels, fuels or form

  transport of fuels and also of adjuvants from

  lumage, especially for wood, charcoal,

  charcoal for grilling, briquettes, etc.

  In the patent DD 68 891, for continuously manufacturing solid foams from hydrocarbons

  liquids or solids, one uses a hydrocarbon

  and on the other hand a urea / formaldehyde resin sol prepared by polycondensation of urea, formaldehyde and ammonium sulfide, optionally other ammonium compounds and hardening components. The resin sol, the hydrocarbon, the alkane sulfonate emulsifier solution and the phosphoric acid hardener are fed to an emulsifier, emulsified therein and the emulsion formed is extruded.

sector.

  For the manufacture of solid foams as a com-

  busses, water is absolutely necessary for

  technological reasons related to the formation of the emulsion.

  Thus, according to German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,645,872, 5 to 10% by weight, according to German Offenlegungsschrift No. 1,917,052, 5 to 18% by weight and, according to the DD 48,817t 2,039b patent, in the mass of water, are indicated. In German Offenlegungsschrift 2,631,038 a water content of up to 20% by weight is indicated. In the patents DD 57 859, 41 994 and 55 759, the

  patent applications DE 957 2735, DE 1,571,715, the patent applications

  vests CH 566 586 and 552 051, decrees against

  anhydrous busses containing hydrocarbons, because for

  their manufacture, when using hydrocarbon solvents

  the use of water is not obligatory

  logically. As a result, despite production for more than 20 years, coal firing

  were prejudiced with regard to the addition of water to

  beyond the amount technologically necessary.

  The rational use of solid foams as solid fuels, especially as coal igniters, requires good properties of solidified product resistance, good ignition properties,

  heating and maintaining combustion. As a method

  coal firing test, type testing

  and the evaporation index gave good results.

  In the type test, the ignition property of a standard coal is determined with 25 g of coal igniter.

  in the case of the evaporation index, it is also determined

  25 g coal igniter, the amount of water vaporized by the heat of combustion. He is known

  for the manufacture of solid foams

  can be used both

  both aromatic and liquid, both pure and mixed, as described (German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,210,940, German Published Specification No. 35,759, DE-OS No. 1,917,052). It is known that for the manufacture of solid foams used as coal igniters, it is known that

  It is necessary for the hydrocarbons used to vaporize

  feel fast enough. Thus, for their manufacture, low-cost, high-boiling hydrocarbons are only to some extent suitable or not at all, because when used, solid foams form drops on burning. Such unsuitable yet economical hydrocarbons are paraffins, paraffin slack wax, mixed petroleum slack wax, heavy fuel oil, and the like. It is true that, according to the DD 68 891 patent, it is currently possible to transform a wide range of liquid or solid hydrocarbons into solid foams.

  having a variety of quality characteristics but always

  the solid foams made so far have a

  Suitable as coal burners, namely that the hydrocarbons used and / or their mixtures with low boiling points or containing a high proportion of highly volatile constituents burn incompletely, in relatively short times, forming a lot of black

  of smoke. For this reason, with solid foams con-

  nits used as coal igniters, the required evaporation index is reached, without

  solid loads, with a high proportion of hy-

hydrocarbons on the total mass.

  It is known, moreover, that by the introduction of ad-

  inert solid sorbents such as silicon dioxide, alumina, carbons such as activated charcoal or anthracite dust, wood powder etc, as well as inert gaseous bodies, for example air, can be increased the burning time of coal igniters. However, this effect is achieved to the detriment

  heating power, that is to say that it is

  Behave the same heat of combustion as without inert adsorbents but in a longer time. The amount of lampblack formed with and without these inert bodies does not differ

only to a negligible extent.

  Furthermore, by the patent application DE 2,328,631, it is known that as curable material it is possible to use acid-curable resins such as resins

  carbamide, for example melamine / formaldehyde resins.

  hyde, dicyandiamide / formaldehyde., urea / formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol / urea / formaldehyde. These resins

  distinguished by the heat resistance of their structures.

  hardened bodies. It is also possible to use residences

  urea / formaldehyde hydroxylated or modified by

  amines, in some cases mixed with polyamides.

  The properties of the resins depend on the molar ratio adopted between the starting compounds during their manufacture. In addition, alcohol resins can be used

  furfuryl or other furfurylaldehyde resins.

  For acid-catalysed hardening,

  can use any body that is sufficiently acidic,

  usually mineral and organic acids, for example

  oxygenated phosphorus, sulfuric aid,

  nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or p-toluene

  sulfonic acid, and also hardeners based on basic catalysis such as phenol / formaldehyde, resorcinol / formaldehyde resins and similar resins in which some or all of the resorcinol can be replaced

  by another constituent such as cresol. Hardening

  is carried out by means of alkaline hydroxides,

  sodium hydroxide. As dispersing agents

  tion, anionic emulsifiers or

  such as alkane sulphonates, alkyl aryl

  sulfonates or quaternary ammonium compounds, etc.

  and, as stabilizers, carboxygen

  methylcelluloses. In addition, there are devices for the preparation

  dispersions and processes which make it possible to

  make solid foams both exclusively

  so many liquid constituents (patents DD 76 352 and 82 905) as liquid and solid constituents (application

DE 2 328 631).

  The purpose of the invention is to develop new

  old combustible compositions in the form of foams

  solids suitable as fuel and serving primarily as

  when lighting fireplaces, as charcoal burners, charcoal burners, etc. or the ignition of waste products and harmful substances such as oil slicks, etc., as well as processes for their manufacture, the compositions having to present, at the same time as better qualities of use and a

  lower cost price, better

  bustion. The object of the invention is to significantly reduce, and compared to known technical solutions, the proportion of highly improved hydrocarbon fuels in novel fuel compositions hereinafter referred to as solid foams and to replace these hydrocarbons with

inexpensive liquid bodies.

  According to the invention, a composition

  fuel in the form of a solid foam formed of hydrocarbons

  liquid or solid bures such as kerosene,

  paraffin slack wax, mixed slack wax,

  trole, diesel, fuel oil. and / or mixtures of

  these, as a dispersed phase, of a poly-

  curable meriting or hardenable resin, ad-

  dispersant and water cylinders as continuous phase, and optionally integrated solids, characterized in that it comprises, relative to the total mass of the foam: a) 21 to 54% by weight of water, b) 0 to 35% by weight of solids, c) 40 to 75% by mass of hydrocarbons and d) 3 to 20% by mass of substances forming a backbone structure. As substances forming a structure of

  skeleton, poly-products are preferably used.

  condensation of urea or urea and formaldehyde derivatives

  as well as modifiers, hardened constituents

  such as organic or mineral acids as well as

  as emulsifiers and stabilizers.

  It is known that fuels containing hydro-

  carbides and serving for example coal igniters are subject to incomplete combustion and therefore form lampblack, so that we obtain a lower combustion enthalpy than in complete combustion

giving carbon dioxide.

  Surprisingly, it has been found that by the addition of water beyond the technologically necessary proportion of 5 to 20% by mass, during the manufacture of new

  combustible compositions, water has a beneficial effect

  combusting by reducing the formation of carbon black by more than 10 5b during the combustion of the composition according to the invention. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the proportion of hydrocarbons while

  now or by improving the properties of use.

  By bringing the proportion of water between 21 and 54% by weight, preferably between 21 and 45% by weight, and reducing the proportion of hydrocarbons to 75 to 40% by weight, a solid foam is obtained. burns much less carbon black and with a heat release equal to or greater than that of a solid foam whose

  hydrocarbon content exceeds 75%.

  The milk that the proportion of water allows to obtain a complete combustion is contrary to the natural and simple conclusion resulting from the experiment,

  that only high proportions of hydro-

  carbides in the solid foam guarantee great

heats of combustion.

  Since, in known manner, the large amounts of liquid promote the tendency of the solid foams to be exuded, it is necessary, with equal amounts of water, to increase the proportions of substances forming a backbone structure. By increasing the proportion of these substances, the behavior is favorably influenced

  formation of drops of the solid foam during the

  combustion process so that the proportion of high boiling hydrocarbons on the total hydrocarbons can be increased. Inhibition. the water content during storage, due to evaporation effects, is not greater, under similar conditions of packaging and storage, than for solid foams

  whose hydrocarbon content exceeds 75 vol.

  In addition, according to the invention, it has been found that

  High boiling point hydrocarbons may be used

  with the addition of a solid for the manufacture of combustible compositions. The solid foams manufactured according to the invention contain 21 to 54 Mao by weight of water, up to 35% by mass of solids, 40 to 75% by weight.

  hydrocarbons and 3 to 20% by weight of

mant the skeleton structure.

  For solid foams, hydrocarbons are

  liquids or solids, for example slack wax from

  refinery, mixed slack oil, kerosene, oil, diesel, heavy fuel oil. and / or mixtures thereof, an integrated solid which may be carbon in the form of coal dust, lignite dust, peat, or wood powder and their heat-treated products and / or

  inert mineral materials, for example aluminum oxide

  nium, silicon dioxide, etc. as well as a structure

  solid skeleton formed of a prepolymer-

  curable resin or hardenable resin, usually

  A water-modified urea / formaldehyde condensate product as well as modifiers, emulsifiers, stabilizers and hardening components are prepared by mixing water as a liquid inert component to obtain maximum heat release during combustion.

  There is a necessary correlation between the

  used hydrocarbons and the duration of ignition as well as the addition of solids to stabilize the solid foam by preventing the formation of drops. The decrease of low boiling hydrocarbons in the mixture

  of hydrocarbons has the effect of lengthening the duration of

  mage. The increase in the proportion of hydrocarbons having a high boiling point at the same time requires, in order to prevent the formation of drops, an increase in the

proportion of solids.

  For the manufacture of solid foams with and without the addition of solids, it is necessary for the hydrocarbon to be distributed in the finely dispersed state in the continuous phase and for the continuous phase to have a high homogeneity. Previous processes for mixing the urea / formaldehyde resin syrup with water and dispersing agents in the stirring vessel do not provide sufficient resin dispersion to a sufficient extent. The dispersion process

  glue which flocculates, ensured by the emulsifier, becomes

  simultaneously introduces the process of emulsification of the hydrocarbon. Thus, a finely dispersed product can only be obtained with long residence times in the emulsifier. Therefore, the object of the invention is also to develop a new process for the manufacture of new combustible compositions in the form of solid foams which at the same time ensures

  high productivity thanks to the emulsifier and

  a product in sufficiently fine dispersion.

  According to the invention this problem is solved, for the

  manufacture of finely dispersed products which are

  truade in the form of pudding and which solidify after a short gelation time giving mosses

  solid, thanks to the fact that the syrup of

  With water and liquid modifiers, not in the agitator container, but in one of two emulsifier machines. If this second machine to be emulsified is

  connected directly before the primary fat-reduction machine

  In general, there is no need for an intermediate

  of the modified dispersion of resin syrup and water.

  Since the second emulsifying machine is considerably smaller and consumes less energy than the required stirring vessels, we obtain a

  decrease in equipment and operating expenses

  ment. This novel process is applicable both to the manufacture of fuel compositions with or without the addition of solids. In addition, it is possible to obtain these new solid foams with no addition of solids by directly adding a gaseous component,

  for example air, in the main emulsifying machine

  in a known manner according to the patent DD 122 688, and to obtain a solid foam of lower density but having combustion qualities equal to those of conventional products. The formed products are lighter than water and are therefore suitable for igniting hydrocarbons

  floating on the water, for example oil slicksetc.

  The new solid foams made according to the

  are distinguished in the conditions of application, despite the least proportion of combustible components, by a directed combustion with less black formation

  of smoke. At the same time, the burning time is increased.

  The mechanical stability of the product depends on the proportion of skeletal structure forming substances on the total mass and is not influenced by the proportion of water.

  The following invention is explained in connection with 15 examples.

  of the new combustible composition and an example

ple of the new process.

Example 1

  138 kg of salt are mixed in an agitator vessel.

  rop of urea / formaldehyde resin having a solids content

  50% by mass, 185,5 kg of water and 7,5 kg of a solution.

  aqueous solution of 35% by weight alkanesulfonate. This mixture is fed to an emulsifying machine on the one hand, and on the other hand to a mixture comprising 660 kg of gas oil and 9 kg of a phosphoric acid diluted to 30% by weight, and the mixture is emulsified.

  continuously and extruded into the shape of the emulsion formed.

  The bolster thus manufactured solidifies after

  a few seconds and it is conditioned in a known manner.

  The solid foam thus manufactured ignites immediately

  diatement when turned on. 25 g of the product shine

  without drops for 20 to 27 minutes and reach a

Evaporation of 50 g of water.

Example 2

  The manufacture of solid foam takes place

  analogous to example 1. Instead of diesel,

uses 660 kg of kerosene.

  When lit, the product ignites immediately

  is lying. 25 g of the product were slowly stirred for 5 minutes and reached an evaporation index of 5 g of water.

Example 3

  In an agitating container, ZOQ kg of

  urea / formaldehyde resin syrup having a solubility

  50 kilograms in weight, 9 kilograms of an aqueous solution of

  canesulfonate at 35 vol.% and a solution of 3 kg of carboxymethylcellulose in 576 kg of water. This mixture is continuously fed to an emulsifying machine and a mixture of 400 kg of kerosene and 12 kg of a phosphoric acid diluted to 50% by weight, the whole is emulsified and the emulsion formed is extruded into pudding. sausage thus manufactured

  solidifies after a few seconds and is conditioned

  in a known manner. Given its high water content,

  the product tends to exude water during

  curing process and it must be dried superficial-

before packing.

  Eele 150 kg of urea / formaldehyde resin syrup with a solids content of 50% by weight, 8.2 kg of an aqueous solution of alkanesulfonate at 55% by weight and

  33552.5 kg of water. In the meantime, the mixture can be stored.

  However, it must then be shaken slightly otherwise the urea / formaldehyde resin tends to flocculate

and to drop.

  Separately, the machine is fed continuously to the emulsion machine.

  the mixture thus prepared, 500 kg of gas oil and

  9.5 kg of a phorphorous acid at 50% by weight, it emulsifies

  Sify and extrude the emulsion formed. The strand solidifies in a few seconds and can be packaged in a known manner after 0 to 50 minutes of curing.

Example 5

  A resin syrup is known in known manner

  methylurea / formaldehyde. We simply use methyl

  lured in place of urea for manufacturing.

  In a stirring vessel of 2 liters, 345 g of a methylurea / formaldehyde resin syrup having

  a solids content of 20% by weight and 7.5 g of a

249O237

  0.35% by weight of alkanesulfonate.

  This mixture is stirred using a fast stirrer

  600 g of oil are emulsified by adding it

  bare. A mixture of 9 g of phosphorous acid at 30% by weight and 38.5 g of water is combined with this emulsion at one time.The stirring is continued for a second and to form portions, it is immediately

  diatement in molds where it hardens after

minutes.

  EXAMPLE 6 In a known manner, a thiourea / formaldehyde resin syrup is prepared in a manner similar to urea syrup.

  formaldehyde, using thiourea instead of

  SOE. In a stirring vessel of 2 liters, 356 g of a thiourea / formaldehyde resin syrup having a solids content of 20% by weight and 7.5 g of a solution of alkylarenesulphonate at 35% by weight are mixed. By means of a rapid stirrer, this mixture is emulsified

  a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising 500 g of

  pant and 100 g of paraffin mixed slack wax. We do not

  In the liquid state, the mixture of hydrocarbons is stirred and heated to 40 ° C. To this emulsion, a mixture of 9 g of phosphorous acid at 30 ° C. is combined at the same time.

  in mass and 38.5 g of water. The emulsion 5 is further shaken.

  condes and to form portions it is immediately

  in molds where it hardens in a few minutes.

Example 7

  By means of a dosing pump, the following currents are brought separately continuously, directly to an emulsifying machine: 220 kg / h of a urea / formaldehyde resin syrup containing% by mass of solids, kg / h of an aqueous solution of alkylarene sulfonate at 35% by weight, kg / h of a hydrochloric acid at 15% by weight, 295 kg / h of water, and 450 kg of a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising 500 kg of

  kerosene and 150 kg of diesel.

  The formed emulsion is extruded into a coil. The resulting pudding solidifies after a few seconds and

packs it in a known manner.

Example 8

  280 kg of salt are mixed in an agitator vessel.

  rop of urea / formaldehyde resin having a solids content

  50 per cent by mass, 10 kg of an aqueous solution of alkali

  nesulfonate at 35 vol.% and 265 kg. of water. On the one hand, this mixture is emulsified and on the other hand a mixture of 420 kg of kerosene and 25 kg of a phosphoric acid at 30% by weight and the emulsion formed is extruded in a coil. After a few seconds, the pudding solidifies and

  can condition it so coneUe.

Example 9

  145 kg of salt are mixed in an agitator vessel.

  rop of urea resin / formaldehyde-ayaat a solids content

  20% by mass, 8 kg of an aqueous solution of alkali

  nesulfonate 35% by mass and 288 kg of water. This mixture is continuously fed to an emulsifier, 550 kg of gas oil, 9 kg of a 30% by weight phosphoric acid and at the same time 100 liters of air, the mixture is emulsified and the extrudate is extruded. . After a few seconds, the

  obtained pudding solidifies and can be conditioned.

  The product reaches its final hardness after 50 to 50 minutes

utes.

Example 10

  By means of a metering pump, it is brought separately

* continuously, directly to the machine to emulsify, the

  following factors: kg / h of a urea resin / formaldehyde syrup at 50 v mass, 7.5 kg / h of an aqueous solution of alkanesulphonate at 50 by weight, 710 kg / h of gas oil, kg / h of water, 7.5 kg / h of a phosphorus acid at 30% by mass, and

liters of air.

  The emulsion formed is extruded into a coil. The formed pudding

  solidifies after a few seconds and is then

in a known manner.

Example 11

  As in Example 10, but without addition of air.

Example 12

  124 kg of salt are mixed in an agitator vessel.

  rop of urea / formaldehyde resin having a water content of 50% by weight, 149 kg of water and 7.5 kg of a solution

  alkanesulfonate at 35% by weight. We bring to a

  to be emulsified on the one hand this mixture and on the other hand a suspension of Ä00 kg of gas oil, 200 kg of fuel oil and 9.5 kg of aqueous phosphorus acid at 30% by mass, 100 kg

  of water and 310 kg of pulverulent residues of decolourized

  comprising 65% by mass of lignite dust, s by mass of Al 2 O 5, 20% by mass of solid hydrocarbons and 10% by mass of moisture, the whole is emulsified.

  continuously and the formed dispersion is extruded into a coil.

  The pudding obtained solidifies in a short time and

packs it in a known manner.

Example 15

  The preparation is carried out analogously to the example

ple 1.

  A mixture of 164 kg of resin syrup is emulsified

  urea / formaldehyde with a water content of 50>

  15 kg of an aqueous alkylarene sulfonate solution at 70% by weight and 214 kg of water with a suspension of a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising 500 kg of gas oil and

  kg of mixed slack wax, plus 100 kg of dust

  coal. The suspension is prepared by dissolving the

  mixed slush of petroleum in diesel at 30 C and in

  both in suspension in this solution the dust

  coal with agitation. As a hardening component

  For example, 9 μg of phosphorous acid is used in bulk.

Example 14

  The preparation is carried out analogously to the example

ple 1.

  A mixture of 164 kg of resin syrup is emulsified

  urea / formaldehyde having a water content. 50 yo in mas-

  15 kg of an aqueous solution of alkanesulfonate in weight and 233 kg of water with a suspension formed of a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising 300 kg of gas oil and 10 kg of heavy fuel oil and 100 kg of bleaching earth residue. As hardener component, we use

  kg of phosphorus acid at 50% by weight.

Example 15

  188 kg of urea / formaldehyde resin syrup with a water content of% by mass, 301 kg of water, 16 kg of an aqueous solution are metered into a dosing pump.

  of alkanesulfonate, 500 kg of gas oil, 80 kg of

  lamp and 15 kg of a phosphorus acid at 30% by mass.

  and it is brought continuously to an emulsifying machine.

  proud. We bring to the room of trauquillisation of the ma-

  China, as a solid, by means of a screw conveyor,

  kg of lignite coke dust at high temperature. The dispersion obtained is extruded

  sausage solidifies in a few seconds and is then

in a known manner.

Example 16

  To carry out the process according to the invention, the following main equipments are required: 2 metering machines, a preparatory emulsifying machine and a main emulsifying machine, a dispersing container as well as various tanks for the hydrocarbons, water, urea resin / formaldehyde syrup, the emulsifier,

  stabilizer, hardener and solids.

  In the dispersion vessel, for example a tank equipped with a stirrer and advantageously equipped with a thermal conditioning device, the hydrocarbons can be mixed together and add solid additives to them. The hydrocarbon mixtures and the suspensions are brought to the main emulsifying machine by means of a suitable metering machine. The direct dosing of the solids is carried out by means of a second solids metering machine in the plenum of the main emulsifying machine, since there are no strict conditions regarding the distribution solid. Training constituents

  of skeletal structure, the urea / formaldehyde resin syrup

  dehyde and dispersing aids are individually

  dosing, as well as water, to the preparative emulsifying machine where a finely dispersed mixture is formed. It is also possible to mix the constituents

  before the preparatory emulsifier machine and the

  to it in the state of mixture. The mixture leaving

  the preparatory emulsifier machine is brought to the

  to be emulsified as well as the other constituents, including the hardener and possibly

  a gaseous component and then extruded into coil.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATI0NS   1) Fuel composition in the form of foam   liquid or solid hydrocarbon and / or mixtures thereof as a dispersed phase, a curable prepolymerization product or a curable resin, dispersion aids and water as   that continuous phase, and possibly solid   characterized in that it comprises, on the total mass: a) 21 to 54% by weight of water, b) 40 to 75% by mass of hydrocarbons and   (c) 3 to 20% by weight of structural forming substances skeletal tures.   2) Composition according to claim 1, characterized   in that the hardenable resin serves as a hardenable   matrix of skeletal structure is a product of poly-   condensation of urea or urea and formaldehyde hyde as well as modifiers.   3) Composition according to one of claims 1 and 29   characterized in that it contains up to 35 h by mass an extra solid.   4) Composition according to one of claims 1 and 3,   characterized in that the additional solid is a carbon carrier such as coal dust or lignite dust, peat or wood powder or a product   formed by heat treatment of these bodies.   Composition according to one of Claims 1 and 3,   characterized in that the additional solid is a inert mineral material.   6) Composition according to one of, claims 1, 3   and 4, characterized in that the additional solid is   a mixture of two or more of the indicated solids.   7) Process for the continuous manufacture of a composition   according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that   that we bring to an emulsifying machine, in the fine state   dispersed in the curable resin or the prepolymerization product as well as the modifiers, together with the water and dispersing aids, and that this mixture is emulsified with liquid hydrocarbons and a solid additive, either directly to dryness or in suspension , together with a mixture of several constituents   in a second machine to emulsify, add   as a hardener. 8) Method according to claim 7, characterized in that is introducedin addition, in the emulsion an inert gas at a rate of 1 to 25 A and preferably 10 to 15> of the total volume.   9) Method according to one of the claims? and 8,   characterized in that in particular the manufacture of   not curable by polycondensation of urea or urea and formaldehyde derivatives with the addition of appropriate modifiers, that the liquid or solid hydrocarbon is in particular kerosene, petroleum, gas oil, fuel oil or slack wax. paraffin or a mixture of these   body and that the solid added before or after the emulsifi-   cation is coal dust, lignite dust,   te, peat powder, wood powder or an inert mineral material or a mixture of two or more such bodies.   ) Application of compositions according to one of the   1 to 6, or compositions obtained by the method according to one of claims 7 to 9, for igniting combustible materials, in particular briquettes, charcoal, charcoal for grilling and also, in the form of solid foam with a density lower than that   water, when lighting up oil slicks on the water.