RU2078233C1 - Manifold blower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; automobile internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: housing of manifold blower is made in the form of plate accommodating tubular channels connecting each exhaust branch pipe with suction branch pipe corresponding to the former according to suction stroke. Ends of tubular channels in exhaust branch pipes have gas intakes installed opposite to gas blow. Ends of tubular channels installed in suction branch pipes are arranged along flow forming ejecting channels together with walls of suction branch pipe. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 10 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of internal combustion engines and is intended for use on automotive engines. A collector is known from the patent literature (ed. St. USSR N 1467239 F 02 F 1/42) having a cavity with a slide valve connecting exhaust and suction nozzles of the collector. An inlet device is also known, consisting of a gas pipe supplying ignited gas to the combustion chamber (inventor and rationalizer, No. 4, 1968) of a cylinder of a motorcycle engine.

 The prototype of the present invention is a collector device for an automobile engine (inventor and rationalizer, N 11, 1991), which has a gas pipe connecting the exhaust pipes of the collector with a carburetor. Hot exhaust gases under pressure through a tube are fed into the mixing chamber of the carburetor.

 The disadvantage of this device is the inability to use the energy of exhaust gases, as well as the loss of energy of gases in a long pipeline to the carburetor. In addition, the large length of the pipelines reduces the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gases supplied to the intake manifold.

 The main disadvantage of the known device is the lack of synchronization of the exhaust pulses of the gas stream with the suction process in the corresponding cylinder of the engine.

 The aim of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, as well as increasing engine power and reducing engine fuel consumption.

 The goal is achieved in that the supercharger body is made in the form of a plate, inside of which there are tubular channels connecting each exhaust pipe with a suction pipe corresponding to it by the suction stroke, and the end of the pipe channels in the exhaust pipes have gas pick-ups mounted towards the gas flow, and the ends of the pipe channels installed in the suction nozzles are located downstream (along the axis of the suction nozzle) and form an ejection channel with the walls of the suction nozzle.

 This set of distinguishing features of a collector supercharger, which makes it possible to increase engine power and reduce engine fuel consumption, was not previously known and did not occur in the patent and technical literature.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a collector supercharger along an exhaust pipe; figure 2 is a cross section of the collector supercharger along the suction pipe; figure 3 the housing of the collector supercharger for the VAZ-2108 engine in front; in FIG. 4 top view of the collector supercharger for the VAZ-2108 engine; figure 5 diagram of the valve timing; figure 6 table of the valve timing of the VAZ-2108 engine; Fig.7 suction pipe along the axis of the channel; Fig.8 gas analyzer in the exhaust pipe; Fig.9 is a cross section of the suction pipe with the end of the tubular channel, forming with the walls of the suction pipe an ejection channel; figure 10 is a cross-section of the gas sampler in the exhaust pipe.

 The collector supercharger consists of a housing 1 made in the form of a plate. The housing may consist of two plates between which are located tubular channels 2, for example, curved from a steel tube with a diameter of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

 The case can be cast from aluminum alloy.

 The end of the tubular channel installed in the exhaust pipe 3 has a bell 4, which is a gas intake. The gas inlet axis is set towards the gas flow parallel to the flow velocity vector. The exhaust end 5 of the tubular channel installed in the suction pipe is located downstream of the suction mixture, along the axis of the suction pipe 6. The suction pipe has a diffuser 7. The end 5 of the pipe channel is located in the plane of the minimum section of the diffuser 7. The diffuser and the exhaust end of the pipe channel form an ejector . The ejector is a jet pump. The supercharger housing has openings 8 for the studs 9 of its fastening to the cylinder head 10 of the engine.

 The openings 11 of the upper row in the supercharger casing correspond to the engine inlets.

 Holes 12 correspond to its exhaust pipes.

 The thickness of the supercharger body is 8 mm. The supercharger housing is attached to the engine as a standard gasket between the cylinder head and the motor manifolds 13.

 Standard gaskets (not shown) are located between the body of the blower, engine, and manifold for sealing.

 Collector blower operates as follows.

 As you know, the order of operation of the cylinders, for example, for the VAZ-2108 engine is as follows 1 3 4 2. Therefore, for each intake stroke in one cylinder there corresponds an exhaust stroke in the other (table in Fig. 6). 6, such cylinders are schematically connected by arrows. Thus, the energy of the exhaust gases through the tubular channels can be sent to the cylinder where the working mixture is currently being sucked.

 The time interval when the exhaust valve is open almost coincides with the time interval of the open intake valve. Therefore, there is no resistance to the movement of the ejecting gas jet (Fig. 5).

 The energy of the educting gas jet with a diameter of 14 mm inlet is 12 15% of the total energy of the exhaust gases.

As you know, the exhaust parameters behind the exhaust valve are quite high; pressure is 7.5 atm. and a temperature of 900 1100 ^o C. However, when moving the exhaust pipe, they are reduced.

 After opening the exhaust valve, for example in the first cylinder, the exhaust gases go through the exhaust pipe 3 and about 12 15% of them fall into the gas intake 4. The exhaust gases through the pipe channel 2 under high pressure enter the suction pipe 6 in its diffuser channel 7. And powerful a stream of exhaust gases ejects the working mixture. In this case, the degree of injection of the working mixture can reach 1.2 2.5. This value of the degree of increase in pressure exceeds the compression ratio of the turbo-compressor supercharger (in TKN the compression ratio is 1.7 - 1.9).

 The discharge impulses of the exhaust gases alternately enter each cylinder from the respective cylinders, where exhaust occurs at that moment. Thus, the high energy of the exhaust gases is utilized to inject the working mixture into the engine cylinders.

 The supercharger does not require additional mechanisms and does not have moving parts and assemblies.

 A powerful gas jet increases the degree of filling of the cylinder with a working mixture. This leads to an increase in engine power. A gas stream enhances mixing of the working mixture.

 The company "Ford" conducted experiments to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases by supplying part of the exhaust stream to the engine cylinder at the time it was filled with the working mixture. A significant reduction in exhaust toxicity was obtained. Therefore, a collector supercharger will reduce the toxicity of engine exhaust.

 Reduced aerodynamic drag in the inlet of the engine, as well as the use of energy from exhaust gases and better mixing of the working mixture reduces fuel consumption during engine operation with a collector supercharger.

 An engine equipped with a collector supercharger provides the possibility of its operation on fuel with a low octane rating.

Claims (1)

 A collector supercharger consisting of a housing and gas pipes connecting the exhaust and suction nozzles of the collector, characterized in that the supercharger housing is made in the form of a plate, inside of which there are tubular channels connecting each exhaust nozzle with a suction nozzle corresponding to it by the suction stroke, and the ends the tubular channels in the exhaust pipes have gas intakes installed towards the gas flow, and the ends of the tubular channels installed in the suction pipes are s downstream and forming with the walls of the propellant suction channel.

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