RU2076178C1 - Building from concrete box units - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; applicable in construction of multistory buildings of industrial, public and residential types. SUBSTANCE: building from concrete box units includes multistory concrete box units interconnected and installed over the perimeter of the building, a wall panel and floor slabs. The building is distinguished by the fact that concrete box units have side walls confining the wall panel to form box units of various configurations. Each side wall of each box unit is rigidly connected with side wall of adjacent box unit by means of intermediate member to form vertical joint of the column type. Located between side walls of adjacent box units are sealing spacers. Intermediate member has, for instance, angle profile in plan, and side walls form internal walls of building. Made inside the box units at the level of storeys are horizontal flanges on which floor slabs rest. Box units are installed on base through foundation, or directly with their lower flange, with location of the latter below the zero elevation of the building. The offered construction of building possesses high enough rigidity as compared with the known ones, small nomenclature of used members, and features considerable simplification of the technology of building assembly. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of multi-storey buildings of industrial, civil and residential type.

 A multi-story building is known (A.S. USSR N 1114751, class E 04 B 1/348). The multi-storey building consists of interconnected modular blocks forming a honeycomb structure with hexagonal prisms, and vertical end hexagonal panels. The modular blocks are made of trough-shaped elements with external horizontal and inclined end ribs having vertical and horizontal channels, respectively. The modular units are mounted on top of each other with horizontal ribs and interconnected on the reverse side of the open profile.

 The disadvantage of the design is the complexity of the implementation of modular units, significant material consumption of the structure, low rigidity.

 A multi-storey building is known (the USSR St. N 1214877 class E 04 B 1/348, published on 02.28.86.) The multi-storey building consists of volume blocks T-, G- and cruciform in plan, installed at the intersection of the axes of the building with gaps between them, in which additional elements of the walls, and ceilings are placed. Each volume unit is equipped with a floor slab, and each overlap with additional elements, with the last and additional wall elements made of monolithic reinforced concrete.

 The disadvantage of the design is the presence of a large range of nodes that make up the building, insufficient rigidity, limited possibility of external design of the building.

 A large-panel building is known (A.S. USSR N 1560691 class E 04 B 1/02, publ. 17.08.87.). A large-panel building consists of foundations and wall panels of the basement of the building, rigidly connected to each other with the formation of a “hard zero”, panels of load-bearing walls with hidden reinforcing belts, rigidly connected to the slabs and coverings. The building is equipped with a spatial rigid system of vertical diaphragms located above the coating plates along the axes of the load-bearing wall panels and connected to the coating plates and wall panels of the upper floor by means of rigid couplings that accept horizontal shear forces.

 The construction of the building is complex, requires sophisticated technological equipment during its construction.

 Known building of volumetric blocks (US patent N 4282690, class E 04 H 1/04, 1981), which consists of multi-story, interconnected and installed around the perimeter of the building volumetric blocks containing a wall panel and floor slabs.

 This technical solution is selected as a prototype. The disadvantages of the prototype are the lack of rigidity of the building structure, a large range of blocks that make up the building. The tasks to which the invention is directed are to increase the rigidity of the building structure, reduce the range of blocks necessary for its construction, reduce material consumption, expand the versatility of the structure, simplify the technology and technological support of the building assembly, and expand architectural capabilities.

 The problem is solved as follows.

 A building of three-dimensional blocks includes three-story, three-dimensional, interconnected and installed around the perimeter of the building three-dimensional blocks containing a wall panel and floor slabs, and the three-dimensional blocks are provided with side walls defining the wall panel to form a different configuration of three-dimensional blocks, each the side wall of each volume block is rigidly connected to the side wall of the adjacent volume block by means of an intermediate element with the formation of a vertical column-type connection. Hermetic gaskets are placed between the side walls of the volumetric adjacent blocks, the intermediate element has, for example, a corner profile in plan, and the side walls form the internal walls of the building. Inside the building blocks at the floor level, horizontal shelves are made on which floor slabs are supported. Volumetric blocks are installed on the base through the foundation or directly by their lower shelf with the placement of the latter below the zero mark of the building.

 A comparative analysis of the invention allows to conclude that the novelty and inventive step of the proposed solution. This inventive step makes it possible to obtain, as a technical advantage, a rather simple and rigid structure with a small nomenclature of blocks and great architectural capabilities.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed building, plan view; figure 2 section aa in figure 1.

 The building consists of a foundation on which volumetric blocks 1 are vertically mounted. Each block is a panel 3 bounded by side walls 2 with various configurations of the inner and outer surfaces. Volumetric blocks 1 are rigidly interconnected along the side walls through sealed gaskets 4, for example, by means of a bolt connection 5. The side walls of adjacent blocks being connected form rigid vertical structural units, such as columns, due to which the building's strength is significantly increased. Using intermediate elements, for example, a corner panel 6, it is possible to form internal walls of a building from volume blocks. On the inner side of the panel of volumetric blocks at the floor level, horizontal shelves 7 are made on which floor slabs are installed 8. The shelves are simultaneously the stiffening elements of the volumetric blocks. Moreover, it is easy to organize different storeys in different parts of the building by installing floor slabs.

 Volumetric block 1 is a monolithic reinforced concrete structure, which performs the function of both the enclosing and the supporting element; panel 3 may have the necessary openings. Volumetric blocks 9, forming the internal walls of the building, have a similar design. The outer surface of the panel of the volume unit can be made in various configurations, for example, in the form of a semicircle, triangle, etc. This greatly expands the possibilities of designing buildings of various architectural forms. Volumetric blocks have a length limited by the capabilities of manufacturing and transportation technology. Blocks are connected to each other in such a way that they close the perimeter of the building, forming its single structure. The connection of the blocks in the corners of the building, if the building has the shape of a polygon, can be carried out using the corner panel 6.

 The building is being erected in the following order. The vertical block is installed in a vertical position, the side walls of which are rigidly connected through the gaskets to the side walls of the next block. Blocks are installed one by one around the perimeter of the building. The lower part of the connected blocks can serve as a foundation when they are installed below the zero mark of the building. Depending on the purpose of the building, internal walls, floors and openings can be formed.

 The proposed construction of the building has a sufficiently high rigidity compared to existing, a small range of elements used and, can significantly simplify the building technology of the building.

Claims (5)

 1. The building of the volumetric blocks, including multi-story, interconnected and installed around the perimeter of the building volumetric blocks containing a panel and floor slabs, characterized in that the volumetric blocks are provided with side walls defining the wall panel with the formation of a different configuration of volumetric blocks, each the side wall of each volume block is rigidly connected to the side wall of the adjacent volume block by means of an intermediate element with the formation of a vertical column-type connection.  2. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that between the side walls of adjacent volumetric blocks are sealed gaskets.  3. The building according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the intermediate element has, for example, a corner profile in plan, and the side walls form the internal walls of the building.  4. The building according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that horizontal shelves are made inside the volumetric blocks at the floor level, on which floor slabs are supported.  5. The building according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the volumetric blocks are installed on the base through the foundation or directly by their lower shelf with the placement of the latter below the zero mark of the building.

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