RU207495U1 - DEVICE FOR TREATMENT AND DISINFECTION OF SOIL WHEN FORMING PROFILED SURFACE OF THE FIELD - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, or rather to combined units for processing and disinfecting soil. The technical result is an increase in the environmental safety of soil processing and disinfection, achieved by including in the device: passive soil-cultivating working bodies made in the form of lancet paws with feeders for a pesticide and deep-loosening paws with ridge-forming bodies that prevent the formation of erosion-hazardous particles and contribute to the improvement the penetrating ability of pesticide vapors between soil aggregates; deep loosening paws, which loosens the soil between rows and form the optimal number of cracks, pores and capillaries necessary for free penetration of pesticide vapors inside the root layer, as well as preventing the risk of water erosion; GLONASS-GPS receiver, module loading of digital task cards and a solenoid valve connected to the digital control unit, which are necessary to apply the working fluid locally to the contaminated areas and reduce the risk of chemical contamination of agricultural landscapes. 1 wp f-ly, 1 dwg

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, or rather to combined units for soil cultivation and disinfection.

Known machine for the introduction of liquid pesticides with fumigant action into the soil Forigo Mix-Tiller Liquid, containing a frame on which a milling drum driven from the tractor PTO shaft, sprayers for the introduction of liquid pesticides and a smooth active roller driven by a hydraulic motor are sequentially mounted.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

1.low environmental safety of soil cultivation due to the formation of a large number of erosion-hazardous particles by working bodies with an active drive;

2. increased risks of chemical pollution of agricultural landscapes due to the introduction of pesticides into the soil in a continuous way;

3. the impossibility of managing the time spent by the pesticide vapors inside the cultivated soil layer, due to the lack of a system that allows maintaining a rational mode of operation of the active roller.

The closest analogue to the claimed utility model is a soil fumigator [RU 2119733 А01В 49/02, А01В 49/04, А01В 71/06, А01В 77/00], which contains Y-shaped injection shares arranged in series on the frame, a rotary hoe, a leveling bar and a pressurized roller with a positive drive, equipped with a speed sensor, a roller speed sensor, a roller depth sensor and a control unit, and the outputs of all sensors are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, and the roller is driven from a hydraulic motor connected to the tractor hydraulic system by means of an electrically controlled throttle -regulator, the electrical output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the control unit. The disadvantages of this fumigator are:

1.low environmental safety of soil cultivation due to the formation of a large number of erosion-hazardous particles by working bodies with an active drive;

2. increased risks of chemical pollution of agricultural landscapes due to the introduction of pesticides into the soil in a continuous way.

The task to be solved by the claimed utility model is to increase the ecological safety of agricultural landscapes during the processing and disinfection of soil on the profiled surface of the field.

The solution to this problem is achieved due to the fact that a device for processing and disinfecting the soil, containing sequentially located on the frame lancet cultivator shares with feeders fixed to them, tillage working bodies and a rolling profiled roller driven from the tractor hydraulic system by means of an electrically controlled throttle regulator and equipped with a sensor the speed of the roller, connected to the input of the digital control unit, is equipped with tillage working bodies made in the form of deep-loosening paws with height-adjustable ridge-forming bodies fixed on their stands. A device for processing and disinfecting soil, containing a sensor-flow meter of a pesticide and an actuator for adjusting the flow rate of a working fluid, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the digital control unit, is equipped with a GLONASS-GPS receiver, a module for downloading digital task maps and an electromagnetic valve, and the outputs of all elements are connected to the corresponding inputs of the digital control unit.

The listed new essential features, together with the known ones, provide a technical result in all cases that are covered by the requested scope of legal protection.

The technical result, providing the above set of features, is to increase the environmental safety of soil processing and disinfection, achieved by including in the device:

passive tillage working bodies made in the form of lancet paws with feeders for pesticides and deep-loosening paws with ridge-forming bodies, which prevent the formation of erosion-dangerous particles and contribute to improving the penetrating ability of pesticide vapors between soil aggregates;

deep loosening paws, which loosens the soil in the aisles and form the optimal number of cracks, pores and capillaries necessary for the free penetration of pesticide vapors inside the root layer, as well as preventing the risks of water erosion;

GLONASS-GPS receiver, module for loading digital task maps and an electromagnetic valve connected to the digital control unit, which are necessary to apply the working fluid locally to contaminated areas and reduce the risk of chemical pollution of agricultural landscapes.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the essence of the utility model.

A device for processing and disinfecting soil, containing sequentially located on the frame 1 lancet cultivator paws 2 with feeders 3 fixed on them, deep-loosening paws 4 with ridge-forming bodies 5 fixed on their racks and a rolling profiled roller 6, driven from the tractor hydraulic system by means of an electrically controlled throttle regulator 7 and equipped with a roller speed sensor (not shown in the diagram), a pesticide flow sensor 8, an actuator for adjusting the flow rate of a working fluid (not shown in the diagram), a GLONASS-GPS receiver 9, a module for loading digital task maps (in the diagram not shown) and a solenoid valve 10, and the electrical outputs of the roller speed sensor, the pesticide flow sensor 8, the actuator for adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid, the GLONASS-GPS receiver 9, the module for loading digital task maps and the solenoid valve are connected to the corresponding inputs mi of the digital control unit 11.

The device works as follows. Before starting work, the operator sets in the digital control unit 11 the setting values for the rate of flow of the working fluid, the degree of slipping of the active roller 6 in accordance with the current soil conditions and the tolerance for deviating these parameters in accordance with agricultural requirements and transfers the task card from the external storage device to the digital unit control 11 through the download module. When the device moves at a speed of Vm, the lancet paws 2, moving along the center of the row at a given depth, carry out tillage and introduce working fluid through feeders 3 over the entire width of the paw in accordance with a given rate of pesticide consumption. Deep-loosening paws 4, installed in the aisles, perform decompaction of the root layer, and ridge-forming bodies 5 installed on their racks form a filtered field surface (ridges, ridges). The working liquid of the pesticide used, interacting with the moist soil, evaporates, and its vapors penetrate through the pores and cracks between the soil aggregates of the ridge, decontaminating the root layer. To increase the exposure of soil disinfection, the device includes an active profiled roller 6, equipped with a speed sensor and operating in a slipping mode. It creates a compacted surface layer of the ridge without cracks and pores, which prevents the free release of pesticide vapors into the atmosphere.

The current values of the parameters of the speed of the roller and the speed of the device are fed to the digital control unit 11 from the sensor of the speed of the roller and the GLONASS-GPS receiver 9, respectively, where estimates of the actual values of the degree of slip of the roller are calculated and compared with the set value. In the event that the actual value of the axlebox degree goes beyond the accepted tolerance, the digital control unit 11 generates a signal to the electrically controlled throttle-regulator 7 to adjust the operating mode of the roller, maintaining the predetermined degree of slipping.

During the operation of the device, the digital control unit 11 by means of the GLONASS-GPS receiver 9 determines the current location of the device and reads the state of the site by contamination from the task map. If the device moves along the infected part of the field, the working fluid is supplied to the soil in accordance with the setting rate by opening the solenoid valve 10. The set rate is automatically maintained by the digital control unit 11 by interrogating the flow meter 8 about the current value of the working fluid flow rate, averaging it and comparison with tuning tolerance. In case of deviation from the predetermined tolerance, the digital control unit 11 issues a command to the actuator to correct the setting. When leaving the contaminated part of the field, the solenoid valve 10 closes, and the supply of the working fluid stops, and the device continues to form the profiled surface of the field without introducing the toxic chemical into the soil.

Claims (2)

1. A device for processing and disinfecting the soil during the formation of a profiled surface of the field, containing sequentially located on the frame lancet cultivator paws with feeders fixed on them, tillage working bodies and a rolling profiled roller driven from the tractor hydraulic system by means of an electrically controlled throttle regulator and equipped with a speed sensor roller connected to the input of the digital control unit, characterized in that the tillage working bodies are made in the form of deep-loosening paws with height-adjustable ridge-forming bodies fixed on their stands. 2. A device according to claim 1, comprising a pesticide flowmeter sensor, an actuator for adjusting the working fluid flow rate, a Glonass-GPS receiver, a module for loading digital task maps and a solenoid valve, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the digital control unit.

Images