RU2074607C1 - Sea-buckthorn cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves growing male plants on separate plot in containers, one plant in each container; disposing containers with male plants in female plant spacings for pollination period, with their position being periodically changed. Growing of only female plants on plantation provides for intensive growth force, intensive development of top parts and active forming of genetic sphere. It allows high yields of up to 487-510 centners per hectare to be obtained, when high-density planting pattern of 2.5 x 0.8 m is used. EFFECT: increased efficiency by intensive growth force and improved productivity.

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, namely to fruit growing, and can be used for growing sea buckthorn.

 A known method of growing plants, including planting plants with a functional female type of flower, care of plantings, pollination of plants with pollinating varieties and harvesting fruits (see, for example, the book by K.V.Smirnov et al. "Viticulture", M. Agropromizdat, 1987 , p. 244 245).

 According to this technology, pollen is collected from pollinating plants cultivated on other plantations, and then plants with a functional-female type of flower are pollinated. This method may be applicable to the cultivation of sea buckthorn.

 The disadvantage of this method of growing plants is that on plantations containing more than 1000 plants per 1 ha, the pollination process is very time-consuming and requires special devices for collecting pollen, its storage, transportation and application of female plants to flowers.

 Closest to the technical nature of the claimed (prototype) is a method of cultivating sea buckthorn, including planting female and male plants, caring for plants, pollination of female plants and harvesting, and plantation is carried out according to the scheme 2.5 • 2 m with alternating female and male plants in the ratio (13 20): 1, respectively (see A.S. USSR N 1644805, class A 01 G 1/00, 1989).

 The disadvantage of this method is that, at the same time as female plants, pollinators (male plants) are grown on the plantation, which grow solo, obscure female plants, which significantly reduces yield, and, in addition, overgrown male plants interfere with machine harvesting.

 The invention solves the problem of creating such a method of cultivating sea buckthorn, which would prevent the cultivation of pollinating plants on the plantation, would make it possible to increase the number of female plants per unit area and increase the yield of the cultivated crop.

 The problem is solved in that in the known method of cultivating sea buckthorn, including planting female and male plants, caring for plants, pollination of female plants and harvesting, male plants are grown on a separate site in flowerpots, one plant each, and for the period of pollination, flowerpots , periodically changing their location.

 A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with the known showed that the proposed set of features is new, has an inventive step and is industrially applicable.

 The method of cultivation of sea buckthorn is implemented as follows.

 Saplings of female plants of sea buckthorn of the Chuiskaya variety were planted on plantations according to the following planting schemes: 4.0 • 2.0 control; 4.0 • 1.0; 3.0 • 1.0; 3.0 • 0.8 and 2.5 • 0.8 m.

 At the same time, flowerpots with pre-prepared soil were placed in a separate area and one male plant was planted in each.

 Over the following years, on plantations with female buckthorn plants, row-dressing, top dressing, and crown formation were carried out.

 Starting from the fourth year after planting, during the flowering period of plants, flowerpots with male plants were placed in the rows of plantations of female plants. For their delivery used agricultural units used to care for plants.

 During the flowering period, the duration of which is 10 12 days, periodically rearranging flowerpots with male plants, they were located no further than 20 25 m from the most distant female plants. Separate flowerpots were installed in the elevated areas of the plantation by the prevailing winds. After flowering, flowerpots with male plants were removed from the plantations, placing them, for example, on plots of land unsuitable for cultivating crops or on roadsides.

 After the fruits ripened on the plantation of female plants placed according to the 4.0 • 2.0 m pattern (control), they harvested the sea buckthorn harvester by shaking the fruits and manually. The yield on this plantation was 126 c / ha.

 On plantations with planting patterns 4.0 • 1.0 m; 3.0 • 1.0 m; 3.0 • 0.8 m and 2.5 • 0.8 m yield respectively, kg / ha: 255; 343; 399 and 510.

 Later on plantations with female plants, pollination and harvesting was carried out annually.

 The inventive method of cultivating sea buckthorn in comparison with the prototype allows for effective pollination of female plants without growing pollinating plants on plantations, significantly increase the number of female plants per unit area, reduce the need for male plants per hectare during pollination by 45 to 50 times.

 Growing only female plants on the plantation provides their intensive growth force, the powerful development of terrestrial organs and the active formation of the genetic sphere, which allows, for example, with a thickened planting pattern of 2.5 • 0.8 m to obtain very high yields (487 510 kg / ha) .

Claims (1)

 A method of cultivating sea buckthorn, including planting female and male plants, caring for plants, pollination of female plants and harvesting, characterized in that male plants are grown on a separate site in flowerpots, one plant each, and for the period of pollination, flowerpots with male plants are placed in plantation aisles of female plants, periodically changing their location.