RU207263U1 - Respiratory and head protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of weapons and equipment, in particular to personal protective equipment, namely to ballistic helmets that protect the human head from mechanical influences, bullets, fragments, as well as from the effects of toxic substances. A device for respiratory and head protection, consisting of a helmet body, a protective glass mounted on it, a mask, on the front part of the body on the sides there are places for placing modular filter-absorbing elements with the possibility of purified air entering through them into the under-helmet space, while in the occipital part of the under-helmet space there is a filter-absorbing lining with the possibility of additional supply of purified air through it into the under-helmet space, while the lower and upper air intakes are located on the body of the device with the possibility of air flow through them to the specified filter-absorbing lining. The technical result is to protect the respiratory system of a serviceman from exposure to toxic substances. 3 ill.

Description

Technology area

The utility model relates to the field of equipment, in particular to personal protective equipment (PPE), namely, ballistic helmets that protect the human head from mechanical stress, as well as from the effects of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents.

State of the art

The development of military equipment is associated with the creation of an integrated head protection device, complete with an isolating-type respiratory protection system.

From the prior art, various technical solutions are known concerning the integration of personal protective equipment of respiratory organs into protective armored helmets [1,2].

A device has been developed that combines a breathing mask and a helmet to protect the respiratory system and the head from chemicals [3]. The respiratory and head protection device includes a breathing mask, a filtering and absorbing system (FPS) and a helmet. The helmet in the frontal part has a fastening unit in the form of a molded recess for engaging the metal bracket of the goggle unit fastening frame, and in the ear part there are two fixation units with adjustable elastic clamps, through which a breathing mask is connected. In the back of the helmet there is a bayonet connection unit FPS, under the helmet there is an air duct, which is connected by the front end via a crimp elastic sleeve to the adapter of the breathing mask, and the rear end through a bayonet mount is connected to the FPS [3].

A device for respiratory protection has been developed, containing an air regeneration system with a regenerative product and a respiratory isolation unit in the form of a cap and / or a mask. It is intended for emergency use. The device for respiratory protection in an emergency contains a protective cap and a regenerative cartridge with a ventilator. The cap is made of flexible gas-tight material and is provided with a neck seal in the form of a ring made of an elastic material. The technical result of the invention is to ensure breathing comfort when using additional PPE in the form of a helmet with a visor [4].

The developed device for respiratory protection contains a cap with a neck seal made of a gas-tight heat-resistant flexible material and equipped with a transparent section in the front part [5].

An air regeneration system is placed in the inner cavity of the bell in the form of a package of regenerative product plates enclosed in a porous shell. The shell is placed in a shell attached to the bell wall. An air flow driver is attached to the end of the shell, the drive of which is connected to the power source through a switch. EFFECT: reduced weight and dimensions of the device and the possibility of operation at increased loads [5].

A protective helmet has been developed, including a full face mask with a valve box [6]. A lung demand valve is connected to the valve box, from which there is a medium pressure hose. The hose connects to a quick-release device on the machine. The technical result of the invention is to increase the security of the gas rescuer, to ensure its good maneuverability and full communication with the headquarters and other rescuers.

Also, a means of protection has been developed, intended for the environmental protection of humans and technological processes. The means of protection contains a device directly designed to change the properties of the air flow, devices for its intake and supply to the place of consumption. The main design feature of personal protective equipment is the presence of a device designed to directly supply the air flow (passed through the cavity of the frame) to the user's respiratory organs, i.e. masks or, for example, a mouthpiece [7].

Known means of protection related to the rescue service, in particular applicable to the operation of gas rescuers. The protective helmet includes a full face mask and a lung governed demand valve, a flashlight and a video camera, consisting of two separate parts that are connected by means of quick-release locks. Around the full-face mask, an external protective casing is created, which turns into a protective helmet, this design is removable, to reduce the overall dimensions of the helmet, the lung machine is installed in a bayonet connection on the left side of the outer case of the main helmet and is covered with a removable protective casing, a fitting is installed in the back of the outer case of the main helmet for connecting a quick-disconnect device of an air-breathing apparatus. The technical result of the invention is to increase the safety of the rescuer, the convenience of working in a helmet, the versatility of the helmet.

The design of the protective helmet uses a full face mask and a lung governed demand valve. A full-face mask connected to a lung valve is hermetically embedded in the structure of a protective helmet [8].

The main fundamental disadvantages of a protective helmet are:

- use of a lung demand valve and compressed air cylinders;

- lack of comprehensive protection against RCB damaging factors;

- suboptimal compatibility of respiratory protection equipment with advanced helmets, optical devices, communication headsets and other items of military equipment;

- insufficient level of protection of the respiratory and head organs.

Known is a device for protecting the respiratory and head organs "armored mask-respirator", made of material resistant to high-speed damaging elements and secondary fragments, covering the lower part of the face and the upper part of the neck, into the body of which from the sides are integrated places for filter-absorbing elements, a place for an intercom is integrated into the central part, a place for an exhalation valve is integrated into the lower part, and a mask holder is placed inside [9].

The disadvantage of this invention is incomplete protection of the head and neck from damaging factors of nuclear, chemical, biological, as well as conventional types of weapons, a small area of filtering-absorbing elements, the inability to use protective equipment in cases of lack or absence of oxygen, as well as in the presence of harmful impurities, not retained by filter elements.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for the protection of the respiratory system and the head "gas mask-armored helmet", consisting of the following main elements: a fabric-polymer body (the helmet is the main bearing element of the device); protective glass (visor); intercom; submask; two exhalation valves combined into a physiological chamber; a power supply element with a switch and a charger; two low-profile filtering and absorbing elements; devices for the safe intake of fluids; forced air supply devices (microelectric fans); caps of the obturator with a sealing device (neck seal with two overpressure valves); slats for installing a night vision device, tactical flashlight; chin strap; under-body device, knitted hydrophobic cover [10].

One of the significant disadvantages is that the elements of the gas mask are fully integrated into the cavity of the helmet and cannot be removed. In normal combat conditions, when using an armored helmet as a means of protecting the head from bullets and shrapnel, the use of these elements is impractical, since when putting on a soldier will feel resistance to breathing. Its use is limited in conditions of lack or absence of oxygen, as well as in the presence of harmful impurities that are not retained by the filter elements.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to protect the respiratory system of a serviceman from exposure to toxic substances.

To achieve this technical result, a device for respiratory and head protection is proposed, consisting of a helmet body, a protective glass mounted on it, a mask, on the front part of the body from the sides are mounted places for placing modular filter-absorbing elements with the possibility of purified air flow through them into the under-helmet space, while in the back of the under-helmet space there is a filter-absorbing lining with the possibility of additional supply of purified air through it into the under-helmet space, while the device body has lower and upper air intakes with the possibility of air flow through them to the specified filter-absorbing lining ...

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a device for protection of the respiratory system and the head, front-side view, FIG. 2 is a bottom view, as well as the elements that make up the filter-absorbing boxes, in Fig. 3 rear view, where:

1 - body armor;

2 - protective glass;

3 - filtering and absorbing boxes;

4 - exhalation valve;

5 - lower air intakes;

6 - upper air intakes;

7 - FPK socket with an inhalation valve;

8 - nonwoven fabric;

9 - housing of the filtering and absorbing element;

10 - filtering-sorbing layer FPE

11 - FPK cover;

12 - filtering and sorbing layer in the back of the head of the helmet;

13 - pneumatic shutter;

14 - undermask;

15 - a device for connecting to the FVU;

16 - sensor of the chemical contamination detection system.

Implementation of the utility model

The device for respiratory and head protection consists of the following main elements: a fabric-polymer body (the helmet is the main bearing element of the device); protective glass (visor); submask; two exhalation valves combined into a physiological chamber; substrates made of filtering-absorbing material in the occipital part of the under-helmet space; two filtering and absorbing boxes (FPK) with modular filtering and absorbing elements (FPE); chemical contamination detection systems.

The body of the device is the main supporting element of the structure. The body of the helmet 1 is made of a fabric-polymer material - Kevlar, which provides increased head protection from pistol bullets, shrapnel and mechanical damage.

A protective glass 2 (visor) made of polycarbonate is mounted on the armored helmet, characterized by increased strength, hermetically sealed to the body (when closed), as well as a high degree of eye protection from laser radiation and light flashes. It is made in the form of a single monoblock, which reduces the load on the eyes of a serviceman, and also maximizes his field of vision. In addition, protective glass 2 (visor) has increased mechanical strength and an improved sun protection system.

Places for the placement of modular filtering and absorbing elements are built into the helmet and are closed with lattice covers. They are made of flexible material (plastic).

FPEs can be replaced by military personnel without breaking the tightness of the shutter, which is achieved due to a self-sealing connection.

The housings of the filtering-absorbing elements 9 of the device are made of flexible material (plastic), inside which there is a non-woven 8 and a filtering-sorbing material 10.

This filtering-sorbing material 12 is also located in the occipital part of the under-helmet space. Through the lower 5 and upper 6 air intakes, air enters additionally and passes through the filter-absorbing lining, entering the under-helmet space for breathing. This reduces breathing resistance and wear on the filter-absorbing elements.

The mask 14 is designed to reduce fogging and freezing of the protective glass. Made in the form of a rubber half mask with two inhalation valves. Excludes the ingress of exhaled air onto the protective glass 2 (visor).

The physiological chamber of the mask is designed to distribute the flows of inhaled and exhaled air. There are two exhalation valves in the physiological chamber - the main and the additional. The significance of the physiological chamber is that it dilutes the concentration of contaminated air sucked in through the first valve. The exhaled air exits through the exhalation valve 4 located at the front of the helmet.

The chemical contamination detection system consists of a sensor for the detection of aerosols and vapors of toxic chemicals 16.

When the enemy uses chemical weapons, the sensor detects the presence of aerosols and OM vapors in the air and, depending on their concentration (infection density), the microcontroller (board) issues a signal about the presence of OM. In this case, the green or red indicator lights up, respectively.

The most important design solutions implemented in a protective device are:

- integration of a gas mask and an armored helmet into a single system;

- the possibility of connecting systems for using the invention in various conditions;

- high sorption capacity due to the placement of a layer of filtering-absorbing material in the under-helmet space;

- modularity, providing quick replacement of out-of-order filtering and absorbing elements;

- versatility in the use of various filtering and absorbing elements.

List of sources used

1. Gas mask general filtering PMK-4. Manual. ARPB.305262.002000RE.2017. - 109 p.

2. Combined-arms uniform armored helmet 6B47. Manual. 6B47.00.000RE.2014. - 4 p.

3. RU, patent 2610111, cl. А62В 18/00, 2017

4. RU, patent 2505325, cl. А62В 7/00, 2012

5. RU, patent 2381043, cl. А62В 17/04, 2010

6. RU, patent 2499623, cl. А62В 18/00, 2012

7. RU, patent 2240160, cl. А62В 18/04, 2004

8. RU, patent 2581580, cl. А62В 18/00, 2016

9. RU, patent 2334938, cl. А62В 18/00

10. RU, patent 200125, cl. А62В 18/00, 2020

11. RU, patent 190408, cl. А62В 18/00, 2018.

Claims (1)

A device for respiratory and head protection, consisting of a helmet body, a protective glass mounted on it, a mask, on the front of the body from the sides are mounted places for placing modular filtering-absorbing elements with the possibility of purified air entering through them into the under-helmet space, which is characterized by that in the occipital part of the under-helmet space there is a filter-absorbing lining with the possibility of additional supply of purified air through it into the under-helmet space, while the lower and upper air intakes are located on the body of the device with the possibility of air flow through them to the specified filter-absorbing lining.

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